On Koch's convergence criterion for branching continued fractions

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 3265-3268
Author(s):  
D. I. Bodnar
Keyword(s):  
Continued Fractions ◽  
Convergence Criterion

scholarly journals On the convergence criterion for branched continued fractions with independent variables

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.I. Dmytryshyn
Keyword(s):  
Power Series ◽  
Continued Fractions ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Absolute Convergence ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
Complex Numbers ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Nonnegative Coefficients ◽  
Multiple Power ◽  
Multiple Power Series

In this paper, we consider the problem of convergence of an important type of multidimensional generalization of continued fractions, the branched continued fractions with independent variables. These fractions are an efficient apparatus for the approximation of multivariable functions, which are represented by multiple power series. We have established the effective criterion of absolute convergence of branched continued fractions of the special form in the case when the partial numerators are complex numbers and partial denominators are equal to one. This result is a multidimensional analog of the Worpitzky's criterion for continued fractions. We have investigated the polycircular domain of uniform convergence for multidimensional C-fractions with independent variables in the case of nonnegative coefficients of this fraction.

scholarly journals Generalized continued fractions: a unified definition and a Pringsheim-type convergence criterion

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Continued Fractions ◽  
Convergence Theory ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
Convergence Results ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Generalized Continued Fractions

Abstract In the literature, many generalizations of continued fractions have been introduced, and for each of them, convergence results have been proved. In this paper, we suggest a definition of generalized continued fractions which covers a great variety of former generalizations as special cases. As a starting point for a convergence theory, we prove a Pringsheim-type convergence criterion which includes criteria for the aforementioned special cases. Furthermore, we address several fields in which our definition may be applied.

scholarly journals Convergence criterion for branched contіnued fractions of the special form with positive elements

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Bodnar ◽  
I.B. Bilanyk
Keyword(s):  
Continued Fractions ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Multiple Power ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Multiple Power Series

In this paper the problem of convergence of the important type of a multidimensional generalization of continued fractions, the branched continued fractions with independent variables, is considered. This fractions are an efficient apparatus for the approximation of multivariable functions, which are represented by multiple power series. When variables are fixed these fractions are called the branched continued fractions of the special form. Their structure is much simpler then the structure of general branched continued fractions. It has given a possibility to establish the necessary and sufficient conditions of convergence of branched continued fractions of the special form with the positive elements. The received result is the multidimensional analog of Seidel's criterion for the continued fractions. The condition of convergence of investigated fractions is the divergence of series, whose elements are continued fractions. Therefore, the sufficient condition of the convergence of this fraction which has been formulated by the divergence of series composed of partial denominators of this fraction, is established. Using the established criterion and Stieltjes-Vitali Theorem the parabolic theorems of branched continued fractions of the special form with complex elements convergence, is investigated. The sufficient conditions gave a possibility to make the condition of convergence of the branched continued fractions of the special form, whose elements lie in parabolic domains.

scholarly journals On the convergence of multidimensional S-fractions with independent variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-359
Author(s):  
O.S. Bodnar ◽  
R.I. Dmytryshyn ◽  
S.V. Sharyn
Keyword(s):  
Power Series ◽  
Analytic Functions ◽  
Continued Fractions ◽  
Special Class ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
Convergence Problem ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Multiple Power ◽  
Multiple Power Series

The paper investigates the convergence problem of a special class of branched continued fractions, i.e. the multidimensional S-fractions with independent variables, consisting of \[\sum_{i_1=1}^N\frac{c_{i(1)}z_{i_1}}{1}{\atop+}\sum_{i_2=1}^{i_1}\frac{c_{i(2)}z_{i_2}}{1}{\atop+} \sum_{i_3=1}^{i_2}\frac{c_{i(3)}z_{i_3}}{1}{\atop+}\cdots,\] which are multidimensional generalizations of S-fractions (Stieltjes fractions). These branched continued fractions are used, in particular, for approximation of the analytic functions of several variables given by multiple power series. For multidimensional S-fractions with independent variables we have established a convergence criterion in the domain \[H=\left\{{\bf{z}}=(z_1,z_2,\ldots,z_N)\in\mathbb{C}^N:\;|\arg(z_k+1)|<\pi,\; 1\le k\le N\right\}\] as well as the estimates of the rate of convergence in the open polydisc \[Q=\left\{{\bf{z}}=(z_1,z_2,\ldots,z_N)\in\mathbb{C}^N:\;|z_k|<1,\;1\le k\le N\right\}\] and in a closure of the domain $Q.$

Determination of Base Flipping Free Energy Landscapes from Nonequilibrium Stratification

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Zhaoxi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Umbrella Sampling ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Nonlinear Dependence ◽  
Free Energy Landscape ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
Base Flipping ◽  
Convergence Behavior

<p>Correct calculation of the variation of free energy upon base flipping is crucial in understanding the dynamics of DNA systems. The free energy landscape along the flipping pathway gives the thermodynamic stability and the flexibility of base-paired states. Although numerous free energy simulations are performed in the base flipping cases, no theoretically rigorous nonequilibrium techniques are devised and employed to investigate the thermodynamics of base flipping. In the current work, we report a general nonequilibrium stratification scheme for efficient calculation of the free energy landscape of base flipping in DNA duplex. We carefully monitor the convergence behavior of the equilibrium sampling based free energy simulation and the nonequilibrium stratification and determine the empirical length of time blocks required for converged sampling. Comparison between the performances of equilibrium umbrella sampling and nonequilibrium stratification is given. The results show that nonequilibrium free energy simulation is able to give similar accuracy and efficiency compared with the equilibrium enhanced sampling technique in the base flipping cases. We further test a convergence criterion we previously proposed and it comes out that the convergence behavior determined by this criterion agrees with those given by the time-invariant behavior of PMF and the nonlinear dependence of standard deviation on the sample size. </p>

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