Assessing ecological implications of climatic change: Can we rely on our simulation models?

H. H�nninen

doi:10.1007/bf01092977

Assessing ecological implications of climatic change: Can we rely on our simulation models?

Climatic Change ◽

10.1007/bf01092977 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. H�nninen

Keyword(s):

Climatic Change ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Ecological Implications

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Climatic change and its ecological implications at a subantarctic island

Oecologia ◽

10.1007/bf00317338 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 14-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

V. R. Smith ◽

Marianna Steenkamp

Keyword(s):

Climatic Change ◽

Subantarctic Island ◽

Ecological Implications

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Correlation of Pore Structure and Permeability by SEM-Image Analysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100180896 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 428-429

Author(s):

C. A. Callender ◽

Wm. C. Dawson ◽

J. J. Funk

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Pore Structure ◽

Imaging System ◽

Pore Space ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Image Analyzer ◽

Imaging Data ◽

Sem Images ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Rock Types

The geometric structure of pore space in some carbonate rocks can be correlated with petrophysical measurements by quantitatively analyzing binaries generated from SEM images. Reservoirs with similar porosities can have markedly different permeabilities. Image analysis identifies which characteristics of a rock are responsible for the permeability differences. Imaging data can explain unusual fluid flow patterns which, in turn, can improve production simulation models.Analytical SchemeOur sample suite consists of 30 Middle East carbonates having porosities ranging from 21 to 28% and permeabilities from 92 to 2153 md. Engineering tests reveal the lack of a consistent (predictable) relationship between porosity and permeability (Fig. 1). Finely polished thin sections were studied petrographically to determine rock texture. The studied thin sections represent four petrographically distinct carbonate rock types ranging from compacted, poorly-sorted, dolomitized, intraclastic grainstones to well-sorted, foraminiferal,ooid, peloidal grainstones. The samples were analyzed for pore structure by a Tracor Northern 5500 IPP 5B/80 image analyzer and a 80386 microprocessor-based imaging system. Between 30 and 50 SEM-generated backscattered electron images (frames) were collected per thin section. Binaries were created from the gray level that represents the pore space. Calculated values were averaged and the data analyzed to determine which geological pore structure characteristics actually affect permeability.

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