Residual effect of long-term applications of farmyard manure to silage maize

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dilz ◽  
J. Postmus ◽  
W. H. Prins
Keyword(s):  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Silage Maize

scholarly journals Modelling the residual N effect of slurry applied to maize land on dairy farms in the Netherlands

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Schroder ◽  
H. Van Keulen
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Mineralization Rate ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Residual N Effect

The decomposition rate of soil organic N was estimated from data of a long-term field experiment and used in a simulation model. Subsequently, the model was used to estimate the effects of Dutch manuring practice on maize land. The time course of the N mineralization rate was estimated for three scenarios: (i) following actual manure applications which have declined with time (scenario A); (ii) assuming continuous applications in accordance with the present and anticipated legislation (scenario P); (iii) assuming annual applications of 200 kg mineral fertilizer N/ha only (scenario M). The actual mineralization rate (following scenario A) in 1995 was estimated at 23-31 kg N/ha higher than when manure had been applied at moderate rates (following scenario P). Corresponding estimates for the year 2005 were 18-19 kg N/ha per year. The calculations suggest that it may be difficult to maintain soil organic N pools with mineral fertilizer only. Consequently, the mineralization rate following scenario M decreased with time as did the yields of silage maize. The magnitude of the residual effect indicates that there is need and scope for fine tuning of N fertilizer recommendations. The simple model used seems suitable for exploring the magnitude of the residual effect of manures.

scholarly journals Interannual dynamics of available potassium in a long-term fertilization experiment

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 334-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Madaras ◽  
J. Lipavský
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
High K ◽  
Periodic Fluctuations ◽  
Interannual Dynamics ◽  
Fertilization Experiments

Dynamics of the plant-available potassium (K) has been studied in polyfactorial long-term fertilization experiments since 1980. The fertilization scheme includes 10 combinations of K muriate and farmyard manure application rates (annually 0–230 kg K/ha). At medium treatment (annually 153 kg K/ha), the K balance within an 8-year crop rotation reflected crop specific K application rates with positive annual balances in years of growing silage maize and sugar beet (high K input), and negative in two years of growing alfalfa. Available K clearly corresponded to the dynamics of the K balance, with statistically significant fluctuations from 88 to 149 mg K/kg within one crop rotation cycle. Periodic fluctuations of available K induced by crop rotation were observed also in non-fertilized treatments. The variability of available K contents was influenced primarily by crop plants and experimental unexplained factors; interannual weather fluctuations and field differences were of low significance. In the paper, the importance of interannual K dynamics for the construction of correct long-term time trends is shown and discussed.

Organic manuring for soil biological health and productivity of a wheat - soybean cropping system in the Vertisols of central India

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. K. Behera
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Central India ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Long Term Study

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the dominant cropping system in the Vertisols of central India due to congenial climate, development of agro-industries, and export opportunities. Both are high-value crops, and raising them using organics may further improve produce quality and help in sustaining long-term productivity of the system. Information is lacking on how to sustain the system with the sole use of organics or biofertilisers in Vertisols. A long-term study was made during 1995–2002 at Indore, India, to evaluate the effectiveness of 3 organic manures [farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM) and vermicompost (VC) at varying rates] and biofertilisers (Azotobacter + phosphate solubilising bacteria) on productivity, grain quality, soil fertility, and profitability of a wheat–soybean cropping system. Grain yield of wheat was significantly increased with PM at 2.5–10 t/ha or FYM at 10–20 t/ha compared with the control. However, the highest productivity was obtained with PM at 10 t/ha, which even performed better than NPK, indicating that NPK fertilisers alone did not provide adequate and balanced nutrition for potential yield of the crop. Quality parameters of durum wheat, viz. protein content, hectolitre weight and sedimentation value, increased, while yellow berry content decreased significantly with PM at 2.5–10.0 t/ha compared with the control. Soybean yields were significantly influenced by the residual effect of organic manuring treatment applied to wheat. The treatment receiving PM at 10 t/ha produced the highest grain yield of wheat. However, this treatment could not produce a similar response in soybean yield due to production of excessive vegetative growth, adversely affecting grain yield. Superiority of PM over FYM, vermicompost and biofertilisers was evident in the overall profitability of the system. Various soil fertility parameters including chemical and biological properties showed conspicuous improvement over the initial status under the FYM and PM treatments. Microbial biomass C and activities of phosphatase and dehydrogenase were increased significantly with applications of manures. Sustainability yield index was maximum under PM at 5–10 t/ha, followed by NPK. Results suggested that application of PM at 5–10 t/ha to wheat was essential for improving productivity, grain quality, profitability, soil health, and sustainability of a wheat–soybean system.

scholarly journals Soil Organic Matter Degradation in Long-Term Maize Cultivation and Insufficient Organic Fertilization

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217
Author(s):  
Jiří Balík ◽  
Martin Kulhánek ◽  
Jindřich Černý ◽  
Ondřej Sedlář ◽  
Pavel Suran
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Extraction Agent

Soil organic matter carbon (CSOM) compounds degradation was observed in long-term field experiments with silage maize monoculture. Over a period of 26 years, the content of carbon in topsoil decreased by 22% in control unfertilized plots compared to 25% and 26% in treatments fertilized annually with mineral nitrogen. With annual wheat straw application (together with mineral N), the content of CSOM decreased by 8%. Contrary to that, the annual application of farmyard manure resulted in a CSOM increase of 16%. The ratio of carbon produced by maize related to total topsoil CSOM content ranged between 8.1–11.8%. In plots with mineral N fertilization, this ratio was always higher than in the unfertilized control plots. With the weaker soil extraction agent (CaCl2), the ratio of carbon produced by maize was determined to be 17.9–20.7%. With stronger extraction agent (pyrophosphate) it was only 10.2–14.6%. This shows that maize produced mostly unstable carbon compounds. Mineral N application resulted in stronger mineralization of original and stable organic matter compared to the unfertilized control. However, the increase of maize-produced carbon content in fertilized plots did not compensate for the decrease of “old” organic matter. As a result, a tendency to decrease total CSOM content in plots with mineral N applied was observed.

Effects of Long Term Application of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2608-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Dora Samuel ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Delia Mirela Tit ◽  
Carmen Elena Melinte (Frunzulica) ◽  
Lavinia Purza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers

Long term productivity and conservation of soils is critical for sustaining agricultural ecosystems. The specific objective of the work reported was to determine the effects of long term application of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil enzyme activity as an index of soil biology and biochemistry. Three key soil enzymes involved in intracellular metabolism of microorganisms and two soil enzymes involved in phosphorus metabolism were selected. Actual and potential dehydrogenase, catalase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined in the 0-20 cm layer of an eroded soil submitted to a complex fertilization experiment. Results showed that addition of mineral fertilizers to organic (green manure and farmyard manure) fertilizers led to a significant increase in each activity because of increased plant biomass production which upon incorporation stimulates soil biological activity. The enzymatic indicators of soil quality calculated from the values of enzymatic activities depending on the kind of fertilizers showed that by the determination of enzymatic activities valuable information can be obtained regarding fertility status of soils. A weak positive correlation between enzymatic indicators of soil quality and maize yield was established. The yield data demonstrate the superiority of farmyard manure which provided greater stability in crop production. Substantial improvement in soil biological activity due to application of organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizers contribute in maintaining the productivity and soil health.

Long-term effects of farmyard manure and sewage sludge on some soil biochemical characteristics

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saviozzi ◽  
A. Biasci ◽  
R. Riffaldi ◽  
R. Levi-Minzi
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics

scholarly journals Crop Yield and Soil Fertility Status of Long-Term Rice-Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Nabin Rawal ◽  
Rajan Ghimire ◽  
Devraj Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Available Phosphorus

Balanced nutrient supply is important for the sustainable crop production. We evaluated the effects of nutrient management practices on soil properties and crop yields in rice (Oryza sativa L.) - rice - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system in a long-term experiment established at National Wheat Research Program (NWRP), Bhairahawa, Nepal. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block experiment with nine treatments and three replications. Treatments were applied as: T1- no nutrients added, T2- N added; T3- N and P added; T4- N and K added; T5- NPK added at recommended rate for all crops. Similarly, T6- only N added in rice and NPK in wheat at recommended rate; T7- half N; T8- half NP of recommended rate for both crops; and T9- farmyard manure (FYM) @10 Mg ha-1 for all crops in rotation. Results of the study revealed that rice and wheat yields were significantly greater under FYM than all other treatments. Treatments that did not receive P (T2, T3, T7, T8) and K (T2, T4) had considerably low wheat yield than treatments that received NPK (T5) and FYM (T9). The FYM lowered soil pH and improved soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P), and exchangeable potassium (K) contents than other treatments. Management practices that ensure nutrient supply can increase crop yield and improve soil fertility status.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 42-50

scholarly journals Field Experiment on Long-Term Application of Chemical Fertilizers and Farmyard Manure in Floodplain Soil of Bangladesh

10.5109/4694 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 861-870
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Egashira ◽  
Jing-Long Han ◽  
Noriko Satake ◽  
Tomomi Nagayama ◽  
M.Joinul Abedin Mian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Floodplain Soil
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