Determination of the structural constant of the atmospheric refractive index by optical methods

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-541
Author(s):  
�. M. Krikunova ◽  
F. A. Markus ◽  
N. I. Murav'ev ◽  
A. M. Cheremukhin
1993 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter L. Swart

AbstractIon implantation, diffusion, epitaxy, oxidation and ion exchange are common processing steps which alter the refractive index of dielectric media. These changes can be probed non-destructively by optical methods such as infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and related to material structure. An overview is given of the bilinear transform of reflectance and its use in conjunction with Fourier spectral analysis for thickness and refractive index estimation. Closed-form solutions are presently available for the bilinear transformed reflectance of heteroepitaxial multilayer structures, and for materials containing graded refractive index profiles. Salient features such as positions of interfaces and refractive index steps in multilayer media; depth and width of buried inhomogeneous layers; and width of a transition region between layers of constant refractive index can be determined directly. Under certain restrictive assumptions the bilinear transformed reflectance is shown to be invertible, which allows one to determine the complete refractive index profile. Examples are presented which illustrate the determination of thickness and refractive index of individual layers in multilayered structures. Specific examples include silicon-on-insulator, and Il-V heteroepitaxial structures such as InP/InGaAs/lnP. Analysis of the reflectance of medium to high energy implanted Si or GaAs allows determination of mean damage depth and standard deviation. The invertibility of the bilinear transformed reflectance is illustrated by estimating the refractive index profile of nitrogen implanted silicon.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Margarita Kruchinina ◽  
Vladimir Kruchinin ◽  
Sergey Peltek ◽  
Vladimir Volodin ◽  
Sergey Rykhlitskiy ◽  
...  

Using optical methods: ellipsometry, IR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, thin films obtained by centrifugation from blood sera of healthy people and patients with liver fibrosis of various stages (light and pronounced) were investigated. It is shown that the values of refractive index, shape of IR and Raman spectra of films of individuals of these groups are significantly different, which may be due to profound changes in the metabolism in the body with the development of pathology. This fact can significantly increase the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy index, as well as achieve real results in the diagnosis of not only pronounced stages of fibrosis, but also provides an opportunity to detect mild unexpressed fibrosis of a liver. This is promising in the screening minimally invasive determination of the stages of the disease in diffuse pathologies of the liver of various genesis.


Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Najat Andam ◽  
Siham Refki ◽  
Hidekazu Ishitobi ◽  
Yasushi Inouye ◽  
Zouheir Sekkat

The determination of optical constants (i.e., real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index (nc) and thickness (d)) of ultrathin films is often required in photonics. It may be done by using, for example, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy combined with either profilometry or atomic force microscopy (AFM). SPR yields the optical thickness (i.e., the product of nc and d) of the film, while profilometry and AFM yield its thickness, thereby allowing for the separate determination of nc and d. In this paper, we use SPR and profilometry to determine the complex refractive index of very thin (i.e., 58 nm) films of dye-doped polymers at different dye/polymer concentrations (a feature which constitutes the originality of this work), and we compare the SPR results with those obtained by using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements performed on the same samples. To determine the optical properties of our film samples by ellipsometry, we used, for the theoretical fits to experimental data, Bruggeman’s effective medium model for the dye/polymer, assumed as a composite material, and the Lorentz model for dye absorption. We found an excellent agreement between the results obtained by SPR and ellipsometry, confirming that SPR is appropriate for measuring the optical properties of very thin coatings at a single light frequency, given that it is simpler in operation and data analysis than spectroscopic ellipsometry.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Malakhovsky ◽  
Dmitry Murausky ◽  
Dmitry Guzatov ◽  
Sergey Gaponenko ◽  
Mikhail Artemyev

Abstract We examined systematically how self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of different mercaptoacids affect the spectral shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance in silver nanoplates and nanospheres. We observed a clear trend in the magnitude of a redshift with a molecular length or the SAM thickness within a homologous series of aliphatic mercaptoacids: the thicker shell the stronger the red shift. Using classic Mie theory for plasmonic core-dielectric shell spheres and oblate spheroids we developed the method for determination of a pseudo-refractive index in SAM of different molecules and obtained a good correlation with the reference refractive indices for bulk long-chain aliphatic acids, but only in case of silver nanoplates. Calculations for silver core–shell nanospheres gave overestimated values of refractive index perhaps due to restrictions of Mie theory on the minimum particle size.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100065
Author(s):  
Laurent Lamaignère ◽  
Guido Toci ◽  
Barbara Patrizi ◽  
Matteo Vannini ◽  
Angela Pirri ◽  
...  

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