Effects of analyst training and amount of available job related information on job analysis ratings

Lexical comprehension skills were examined in 20 young children (aged 28–45 months) with developmental delays (DD) and 20 children (aged 19–34 months) with normal development (ND). Each was assigned to either a story-like script condition or a simple ostensive labeling condition in which the names of three novel object and action items were presented over two experimental sessions. During the experimental sessions, receptive knowledge of the lexical items was assessed through a series of target and generalization probes. Results indicated that all children, irrespective of group status, acquired more lexical concepts in the ostensive labeling condition than in the story narrative condition. Overall, both groups acquired more object than action words, although subjects with ND comprehended more action words than subjects with DD. More target than generalization items were also comprehended by both groups. It is concluded that young children’s comprehension of new lexical concepts is facilitated more by a context in which simple ostensive labels accompany the presentation of specific objects and actions than one in which objects and actions are surrounded by thematic and event-related information. Various clinical applications focusing on the lexical training of young children with DD are discussed.

Download Full-text

Using Popular Mobile Devices in Voice Therapy

Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders ◽

10.1044/vvd23.3.82 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 82-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eva van Leer

Keyword(s):

Exercise Behavior ◽

Voice Therapy ◽

Pure Oxygen ◽

Mobile Platforms ◽

Self Monitoring ◽

Web Based ◽

Motivational Messages ◽

Related Information ◽

Health Related ◽

Tailored Approach

Mobile tools are increasingly available to help individuals monitor their progress toward health behavior goals. Commonly known commercial products for health and fitness self-monitoring include wearable devices such as the Fitbit© and Nike + Pedometer© that work independently or in conjunction with mobile platforms (e.g., smartphones, media players) as well as web-based interfaces. These tools track and graph exercise behavior, provide motivational messages, offer health-related information, and allow users to share their accomplishments via social media. Approximately 2 million software programs or “apps” have been designed for mobile platforms (Pure Oxygen Mobile, 2013), many of which are health-related. The development of mobile health devices and applications is advancing so quickly that the Food and Drug Administration issued a Guidance statement with the purpose of defining mobile medical applications and describing a tailored approach to their regulation.

Download Full-text

Job Validation Studies and Physical Agility Testing: Is the Vendor Telling You What They Think You Want or Are You Telling Them What You Need?

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2016.novdec02 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 5-11

Author(s):

E. Randolph Soo Hoo ◽

Stephen L. Demeter

Keyword(s):

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ◽

Job Analysis ◽

Specific Work ◽

Test Protocol ◽

Systematic Method ◽

Technical Standards ◽

Work Related ◽

Physical Abilities ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Key Terms

Abstract Referring agents may ask independent medical evaluators if the examinee can return to work in either a normal or a restricted capacity; similarly, employers may ask external parties to conduct this type of assessment before a hire or after an injury. Functional capacity evaluations (FCEs) are used to measure agility and strength, but they have limitations and use technical jargon or concepts that can be confusing. This article clarifies key terms and concepts related to FCEs. The basic approach to a job analysis is to collect information about the job using a variety of methods, analyze the data, and summarize the data to determine specific factors required for the job. No single, optimal job analysis or validation method is applicable to every work situation or company, but the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission offers technical standards for each type of validity study. FCEs are a systematic method of measuring an individual's ability to perform various activities, and results are matched to descriptions of specific work-related tasks. Results of physical abilities/agilities tests are reported as “matching” or “not matching” job demands or “pass” or “fail” meeting job criteria. Individuals who fail an employment physical agility test often challenge the results on the basis that the test was poorly conducted, that the test protocol was not reflective of the job, or that levels for successful completion were inappropriate.

Download Full-text

Risk Assessment and Management of Repetitive Movements and Exertions of Upper Limbs - Job Analysis, Ocra Risk Indices, Prevention Strategies and Design Principles

10.1016/s1572-347x(02)x8001-x ◽

2002 ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Job Analysis ◽

Design Principles ◽

Upper Limbs ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Risk Indices ◽

Repetitive Movements ◽

Risk Assessment And Management

Download Full-text

The Impact of a Highly Publicized Celebrity Suicide on Suicide-Related Online Information Seeking

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000455 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 207-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Florian Arendt ◽

Sebastian Scherr

Keyword(s):

Suicide Prevention ◽

Information Seeking ◽

The Internet ◽

Online Information ◽

Search Queries ◽

Related Information ◽

Search Terms ◽

Celebrity Suicide ◽

Online Information Seeking ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Background: Research has already acknowledged the importance of the Internet in suicide prevention as search engines such as Google are increasingly used in seeking both helpful and harmful suicide-related information. Aims: We aimed to assess the impact of a highly publicized suicide by a Hollywood actor on suicide-related online information seeking. Method: We tested the impact of the highly publicized suicide of Robin Williams on volumes of suicide-related search queries. Results: Both harmful and helpful search terms increased immediately after the actor's suicide, with a substantial jump of harmful queries. Limitations: The study has limitations (e.g., possible validity threats of the query share measure, use of ambiguous search terms). Conclusion: Online suicide prevention efforts should try to increase online users' awareness of and motivation to seek help, for which Google's own helpline box could play an even more crucial role in the future.

Download Full-text

Determinants of Interrater Reliability of Job Analysis: A Meta-analysis

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027//1015-5759.18.1.52 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 52-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Olga F. Voskuijl ◽

Tjarda van Sliedregt

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Job Analysis ◽

Job Descriptions ◽

Job Description ◽

Research And Practice ◽

Descriptive Information ◽

Interrater Reliability Coefficients ◽

Reliability Coefficients

Summary: This paper presents a meta-analysis of published job analysis interrater reliability data in order to predict the expected levels of interrater reliability within specific combinations of moderators, such as rater source, experience of the rater, and type of job descriptive information. The overall mean interrater reliability of 91 reliability coefficients reported in the literature was .59. The results of experienced professionals (job analysts) showed the highest reliability coefficients (.76). The method of data collection (job contact versus job description) only affected the results of experienced job analysts. For this group higher interrater reliability coefficients were obtained for analyses based on job contact (.87) than for those based on job descriptions (.71). For other rater categories (e.g., students, organization members) neither the method of data collection nor training had a significant effect on the interrater reliability. Analyses based on scales with defined levels resulted in significantly higher interrater reliability coefficients than analyses based on scales with undefined levels. Behavior and job worth dimensions were rated more reliable (.62 and .60, respectively) than attributes and tasks (.49 and .29, respectively). Furthermore, the results indicated that if nonprofessional raters are used (e.g., incumbents or students), at least two to four raters are required to obtain a reliability coefficient of .80. These findings have implications for research and practice.

Download Full-text

Improving Body Satisfaction

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000206 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 62-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carolien Martijn ◽

Jessica M. Alleva ◽

Anita Jansen

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Automatic System ◽

Body Satisfaction ◽

Western Society ◽

Related Information ◽

Current Article ◽

Women And Girls

Feelings of body dissatisfaction are common in Western society, especially in women and girls. More than innocent discontent, body dissatisfaction can have serious consequences such as depression and eating disorders. The current article discusses the nature of body dissatisfaction, how it develops and how it is currently being treated. We also discuss novel strategies to increase body satisfaction that work on the automatic system (e.g., by retraining attentional and conditioning processes), since recent research suggests that appearance-related information is processed automatically. We suggest that extant methods should be combined with these novel strategies, in order to optimally improve body dissatisfaction and to prevent its detrimental consequences.

Download Full-text