Use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 921-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Lance O. Nordstrom ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Predator Odors

Use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 903-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Lance O. Nordstrom ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Predator Odors

Use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Douglas R. Crump ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Predator Odors

Use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Douglas R. Crump ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Predator Odors

scholarly journals Insect herbivory facilitates the establishment of an invasive plant pathogen

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Gossner ◽  
Ludwig Beenken ◽  
Kirstin Arend ◽  
Dominik Begerow ◽  
Derek Peršoh
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPlants can be severely affected by insect herbivores and phytopathogenic fungi, but interactions between these plant antagonists are poorly understood. We analysed the impact of feeding damage by the abundant herbivore Orchestes fagi on infection rates of beech (Fagus sylvatica) leaves with Petrakia liobae, an invasive plant pathogenic fungus. The fungus was not detected in hibernating beetles, indicating that O. fagi does not serve as vector for P. liobae, at least not between growing seasons. Abundance of the fungus in beech leaves increased with feeding damage of the beetle and this relationship was stronger for sun-exposed than for shaded leaves. A laboratory experiment revealed sun-exposed leaves to have thicker cell walls and to be more resistant to pathogen infection than shaded leaves. Mechanical damage significantly increased frequency and size of necroses in the sun, but not in shade leaves. Our findings indicate that feeding damage of adult beetles provides entry ports for fungal colonization by removal of physical barriers and thus promotes infection success by pathogenic fungi. Feeding activity by larvae probably provides additional nutrient sources or eases access to substrates for the necrotrophic fungus. Our study exemplifies that invasive pathogens may benefit from herbivore activity, which may challenge forest health in light of climate change.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys) and Fumonisin Contamination of Field Corn in the Mid-Atlantic U.S.

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Opoku ◽  
Nathan M. Kleczewski ◽  
Kelly A. Hamby ◽  
D. Ames Herbert ◽  
Sean Malone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Fusarium Infection ◽  
Field Corn

Brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys Stål) is an invasive agricultural pest that causes severe damage to many crops. To determine potential associations between H. halys feeding damage, Fusarium infection, and mycotoxin contamination in field corn, a field survey was conducted in eight counties in Virginia. Results indicated an association between H. halys feeding damage and fumonisin contamination. Subsequent field experiments in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia examined the ability of H. halys to increase Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg infection and fumonisin concentrations in corn. At the milk stage, H. halys (0 or 4 adults) and Fusarium (with or without F. verticillioides inoculum) treatments were applied to bagged ears in a two by two factorial randomized complete block design with 12 replicates. H. halys treatments increased levels of feeding damage (P < 0.0001) and Fusarium infection (P = 0.0380). Interaction between H. halys and Fusarium treatments influenced severity of infection (P = 0.0018) and fumonisin concentrations (P = 0.0360). Results suggest H. halys has the ability to increase both Fusarium infection and fumonisin concentrations in field corn. Further studies are needed to understand mechanisms by which H. halys increases fumonisin and to develop management strategies to mitigate impacts of H. halys on field corn in the region.

Seed damage and sources of yield loss by Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in resistant wheat varietal blends relative to susceptible wheat cultivars in western Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.H. Smith ◽  
I.L. Wise ◽  
S.L. Fox ◽  
C.L. Vera ◽  
R.M. DePauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Wheat Midge

AbstractSpring wheat varieties with the Sm1 gene for resistance to wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), were compared with susceptible wheat (Triticum Linnaeus; Poaceae) with respect to sources of yield loss and reduction in market value from wheat midge feeding damage. Four resistant varietal blends (90% Sm1 wheat plus 10% susceptible refuge) and four susceptible cultivars were grown in replicated experiments at eight locations in western Canada. Frequencies and 1000-kernel weights of undamaged and midge-damaged seeds were assessed before harvest by dissecting samples of ripe spikes, and after harvest in samples of cleaned grain. Spike data were used to estimate yield losses from reduced weight of damaged seeds and loss of severely damaged seeds (⩽8 mg) at harvest. Among midge-damaged seeds in spikes, few were severely damaged in resistant varietal blends, whereas most were severely damaged in susceptible cultivars. Cleaned, harvested grain of resistant varietal blends and susceptible cultivars had similar frequencies of midge damage and were assessed similar market grades. The primary benefit of midge-resistant wheat was reduced yield loss due to seed damage by wheat midge larvae. Resistant wheat did not protect against loss of market grade, but market value could increase due to larger yields.

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