Mandibular glands of stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae): Chemical analysis of their contents and biological function in two species ofMelipona

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1465-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Smith ◽  
D. W. Roubik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Mandibular Glands

scholarly journals Electroantennography in the study of two stingless bee species (Hymenoptera: meliponini)

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. L. R. A. Patricio ◽  
L. Cruz-López ◽  
E. D. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Mandibular Glands ◽  
Plant Resin ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Hexane Extracts

The first recorded electroantennographic preliminary studies on stingless bees have been performed using two species of Frieseomelitta from Brazil. Experiments with F. silvestrii and F. varia showed that antennae respond to hexane extracts of heads and abdomens of both species and posterior tibia of F. silvestrii (which carry plant resin), as well as to the pure compounds 2-heptanol and 2-nonanol, which occur in the mandibular glands of both species, and to the terpenes alpha-cubebene, humulene, and beta-caryophyllene found on their tibia and in the cerumen of their nests.

scholarly journals Spitting out information: Trigona bees deposit saliva to signal resource locations

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1611) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Louis P Schorkopf ◽  
Stefan Jarau ◽  
Wittko Francke ◽  
Robert Twele ◽  
Ronaldo Zucchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Trail Pheromone ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Trail Following ◽  
Mandibular Glands ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Single Compound ◽  
Scent Trails ◽  
Labial Glands

Stingless bees of the species Trigona spinipes (Fabricius 1793) use their saliva to lay scent trails communicating the location of profitable food sources. Extracts of the cephalic labial glands of the salivary system (not the mandibular glands, however) contain a large amount (approx. 74%) of octyl octanoate. This ester is also found on the scent-marked substrates at the feeding site. We demonstrate octyl octanoate to be a single compound pheromone which induces full trail following behaviour. The identification of the trail pheromone in this widely distributed bee makes it an ideal organism for studying the mechanism of trail following in a day flying insect.

Aspects of microanalysis in a transmission electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
R. Sinclair ◽  
B.E. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Critical Currents ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Transmission Electron

INTRODUCTIONThe prospect of performing chemical analysis of thin specimens at any desired level of resolution is particularly appealing to the materials scientist. Commercial TEM-based systems are now available which virtually provide this capability. The purpose of this contribution is to illustrate its application to problems which would have been intractable until recently, pointing out some current limitations.X-RAY ANALYSISIn an attempt to fabricate superconducting materials with high critical currents and temperature, thin Nb3Sn films have been prepared by electron beam vapor deposition [1]. Fine-grain size material is desirable which may be achieved by codeposition with small amounts of Al2O3 . Figure 1 shows the STEM microstructure, with large (∽ 200 Å dia) voids present at the grain boundaries. Higher quality TEM micrographs (e.g. fig. 2) reveal the presence of small voids within the grains which are absent in pure Nb3Sn prepared under identical conditions. The X-ray spectrum from large (∽ lμ dia) or small (∽100 Ǻ dia) areas within the grains indicates only small amounts of A1 (fig.3).

Integrated morphometrical and electron energy loss image analysis in cytochemistry

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
W.C. de Bruijn ◽  
A.A.W. de Jong ◽  
C.W.J. Sorber
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Active Form ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Endogenous Peroxidase ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

One aspect of enzyme cytochemistry is, whether all macrophage lysosomal hydrolytical enzymes are present in an active form, or are activated upon stimulation. Integrated morphometrical and chemical analysis has been chosen as a tool to illucidate that cytochemical problem. Mouse peritoneal resident macrophages have been used as a model for this complicated integration of morphometrical and element-related data. Only aldehyde-fixed cells were treated with three cytochemical reactions to detect different enzyme activities within one cell (for details see [1,2]). The enzyme-related precipitates anticipated to be differentiated, were:(1).lysosomal barium and sulphur from aryl sulphatase activity,(2).lysosomal cerium and phosphate from acid phosphatase activity and(3).platinum/di-amino-benzidine( D A B) complex from endogenous peroxidase activity.

Microdomains in BaFeO3-y (0.35 < y < 0.50)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-781
Author(s):  
M. Vallet-Regí ◽  
M. Parras ◽  
J.M. González-Calbet ◽  
J.C. Grenier
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Monoclinic Phase ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Zone Axis ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Variations

BaFeO3-y compositions (0.35<y<0.50) have been investigated by means of electron diffraction and microscopy to resolve contradictory results from powder X-ray diffraction data.The samples were obtained by annealing BaFeO2.56 for 48 h. in the temperature range from 980°C to 1050°C . Total iron and barium in the samples were determined using chemical analysis and gravimetric methods, respectively.In the BaFeO3-y system, according to the electron diffraction and microscopy results, the nonstoichiometry is accommodated in different ways as a function of the composition (y):In the domain between BaFeO2.5+δBaFeO2.54, compositional variations are accommodated through the formation of microdomains. Fig. la shows the ED pattern of the BaFeO2.52 material along thezone axis. The corresponding electron micrograph is seen in Fig. 1b. Several domains corresponding to the monoclinic BaFeO2.50 phase, intergrow with domains of the orthorhombic phase. According to that, the ED pattern of Fig. 1a, can be interpreted as formed by the superposition of three types of diffraction maxima : Very strong spots corresponding to a cubic perovskite, a set of maxima due to the superposition of three domains of the monoclinic phase along [100]m and a series of maxima corresponding to three domains corresponding to the orthorhombic phase along the [100]o.

High quality bergamot oil from Cephallonia (Greece): chemical analysis using enantiomeric GC-MS and larvicidal activity against mosquitoes

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Melliou ◽  
P Magiatis ◽  
A Michaelakis ◽  
G Koliopoulos ◽  
AL Skaltsounis
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Bergamot Oil

Chemical Analysis of an Ayurvedic Herbo-Metallic Preparation Containing Mercury: Speciation of Mercury

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Avula ◽  
YH Wang ◽  
CS Rumalla ◽  
AG Chittiboyina ◽  
A Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Mercury Speciation

Chemical analysis and biological activities of methanol extracts from Astragalus gombiformis Pomel (Fabaceae)

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Teyeb ◽  
O Houta ◽  
A Lamari ◽  
M Neffati ◽  
W Douki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Methanol Extracts
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