Caffeoyltartronic acid from catnip (Nepeta cataria): A precursor for catechol in lubber grasshopper (Romalea guttata) defensive secretions

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1957-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice E. Snook ◽  
Murray S. Blum ◽  
Douglas W. Whitman ◽  
Richard F. Arrendale ◽  
Catherine E. Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defensive Secretions ◽  
Lubber Grasshopper ◽  
Nepeta Cataria ◽  
Romalea Guttata

scholarly journals DISCONTINUOUS CARBON DIOXIDE RELEASE IN THE EASTERN LUBBER GRASSHOPPER ROMALEA GUTTATA AND ITS EFFECT ON RESPIRATORY TRANSPIRATION

1993 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Hadley ◽  
M. C. Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Lubber Grasshopper ◽  
Romalea Guttata ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Release ◽  
Burst Phase ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Range Of Values

Ventilatory patterns were examined in the Eastern lubber grasshopper Romalea guttata and correlated with respiratory transpiration. Discontinuous release of CO2 was only observed in quiescent individuals during their scotophase. Interburst periods (spiracles closed) alternated with bouts of CO2 emission and O2 consumption (burst phase); no true ‘flutter’ phase was observed. Cycle duration decreased with increasing temperature in both hydrated and dehydrated individuals. Metabolic rates for this large, sluggish species are lower than those reported for smaller and/or more active grasshoppers. Water loss rates fell within an expected range of values for arthropods from mesic environments. Respiratory transpiration accounted for only 1.9-3.9 % of the total water loss between 15 and 30 sC and for only 7 % of the water loss during the burst phase of the cycle. These data indicate that the cyclic release of CO2 in this adult insect does not result in substantial savings of water.

Volatile constituents analysis of Nepeta cataria from central Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Safaei-Ghomi ◽  
Zahra Djafari-Bidgoli ◽  
Hossein Batooli
Keyword(s):  
Central Iran ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Nepeta Cataria

Information processing in the optic lobes of the lubber grasshopper

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Northrop ◽  
Ernest F. Guignon
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Lubber Grasshopper

Chemical heterogeneity of soldier defensive secretions in the desert subterranean termite, Amitermes wheeleri

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf H. Scheffrahn ◽  
Lyle K. Gaston ◽  
William L. Nutting ◽  
Michael K. Rust
Keyword(s):  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Chemical Heterogeneity ◽  
Defensive Secretions

Sequence analyses of two neuropeptides of the AKH/RPCH-family from the lubber grasshopper, Romalea microptera

Peptides ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Gäde ◽  
Caroline Hilbich ◽  
Konrad Beyreuther ◽  
Kenneth L. Rinehart
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Lubber Grasshopper

Acid-base status and spiracular control during discontinuous ventilation in grasshoppers

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (8) ◽  
pp. 1755-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Harrison ◽  
N Hadley ◽  
M Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Lubber Grasshopper ◽  
Open Phase ◽  
Internal Co2 ◽  
Acid Base Status

Many insects ventilate discontinuously when quiescent, exhibiting prolonged periods during which little or no gas exchange occurs. We investigated the consequences of discontinuous ventilation (DV) on haemolymph acid­base status and tested whether spiracular opening during DV is due to changes in internal gas tensions in the western lubber grasshopper Taeniopoda eques. At 15 °C, resting T. eques exhibited interburst periods of about 40 min. During the interburst period, haemolymph PCO2 rose from 1.8 to 2.26 kPa, with minimal acidification of haemolymph. Animals in atmospheres in which PCO2 was 2 kPa or below continued to exhibit DV, while atmospheres in which PCO2 was 2.9 kPa or above caused cessation of DV. These data indicate that accumulation of internal CO2 to threshold levels between 2 and 2.9 kPa induces spiracular opening in grasshoppers. In contrast to the situation in lepidopteran pupae, variation in atmospheric PO2 had no effect on interburst duration. Relative to lepidopteran pupae, the internal PCO2 of grasshoppers during DV is threefold lower, the PCO2 required for triggering spiracular opening is also threefold lower, and the open phase spiracular conductance is at least tenfold higher, demonstrating that considerable diversity exists in these aspects of insect respiratory physiology.

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