Possible role of cGMP in excitatory amino acid induced cytotoxicity in cultured cerebral cortical neurons

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aase Frandsen ◽  
Charlotte F. Andersen ◽  
Arne Schousboe
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Cerebral Cortical Neurons

The role of diurnal fluctuations in excitatory amino acid carrier 1 levels in post-ischemic hippocampal Zn2+ accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 113538
Author(s):  
Takaaki Aratake ◽  
Youichirou Higashi ◽  
Tomoya Hamada ◽  
Yusuke Ueba ◽  
Takahiro Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuations ◽  
Amino Acid Carrier

Excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated transmission in geniculocortical and intracortical pathways within visual cortex

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Larson-Prior ◽  
P. S. Ulinski ◽  
N. T. Slater
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Nmda Antagonist ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid Receptor ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. A preparation of turtle (Chrysemys picta and Pseudemys scripta) brain in which the integrity of the intracortical and geniculocortical pathways in visual cortex are maintained in vitro has been used to differentiate the excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor subtypes involved in geniculocortical and intracortical synapses. 2. Stimulation of the geniculocortical fibers at subcortical loci produces monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in visual cortical neurons. These EPSPs are blocked by the broad-spectrum EAA receptor antagonist kynurenate (1-2 mM) and the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist 6, 7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX, 10 microM), but not by the NMDA antagonist D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (D,L-AP-5, 100 microM). These results indicate that the geniculocortical EPSP is mediated by EAAs that access principally, if not exclusively, EAA receptors of the non-NMDA subtypes. 3. Stimulation of intracortical fibers evokes compound EPSPs that could be resolved into three components differing in latency to peak. The component with the shortest latency was not affected by any of the EAA-receptor antagonists tested. The second component, of intermediate latency, was blocked by kyurenate and DNQX but not by D,L-AP-5. The component of longest latency was blocked by kynurenate and D,L-AP-5, but not by DNQX. These results indicate that the compound intracortical EPSP is comprised of three pharmacologically distinct components that are mediated by an unknown receptor, by quisqualate/kainate, and by NMDA receptors, respectively. 4. Repetitive stimulation of intracortical pathways at 0.33 Hz produces a dramatic potentiation of the late, D,L-AP-5-sensitive component of the intracortical EPSP. 5. These experiments lead to a hypothesis about the subtypes of EAA receptors that are accessed by the geniculocortical and intracortical pathways within visual cortex.

Introduction: Glutamate transport, metabolism, and physiological responses

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (4) ◽  
pp. F477-F480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hediger ◽  
T. C. Welbourne
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamate Transport ◽  
Glutamine Metabolism ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cell

The material covered in this set of articles was originally presented at Experimental Biology ’98, in San Francisco, CA, on April 20, 1998. Here, the participants recount important elements of current research on the role of glutamate transporter activity in cellular signaling, metabolism, and organ function. W. A. Fairman and S. G. Amara discuss the five subtypes of human excitatory amino acid transporters, with emphasis on the EAAT4 subtype. M. A. Hediger discusses the expression and action of EAAC1 subtype of the human excitatory amino acid transporter. I. Nissim provides an overview of the significant role of pH in regulating Gln/Glu metabolism in the kidney, liver, and brain. J. D. McGivan and B. Nicholson describe some characteristics of glutamate transport regulation with regard to a specific experimental model of the bovine renal epithelial cell line NBL-1. Finally, T. C. Welbourne and J. C. Matthews introduce the “functional unit” concept of glutamate transport and how this relates to both glutamine metabolism and paracellular permeability.

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