The Perceived Stress Scale: Factor structure and relation to depression symptoms in a psychiatric sample

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Hewitt ◽  
Gordon L. Flett ◽  
Shawn W. Mosher
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale

The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS): Normative Data and Factor Structure for a Large-Scale Sample in Mexico

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Teresa González-Ramírez ◽  
María Noel Rodríguez-Ayán ◽  
René Landero Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Adequate Reliability

AbstractOne of the most widely used scales for the evaluation of stress is the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and it has been adapted into different languages. However, few studies have presented normative data from large samples, and there do not appear to be any studies of the PSS that provide normative data based on large samples for Mexico. Thus, the goal of this study was to provide normative data regarding gender and different age groups for a sample of 1990 Mexican subjects to validate the factor structure of the construct for this sample. The analysis of the 10- and 14-item versions of the PSS revealed that the scale had adequate reliability and that the factor structure was consistent with previous studies. With respect to the normative data, the means of the different groups ranged from 20.93 to 25.63 for the PSS14 and from 14.52 to 17.73 for the PSS10. We propose that scores within one standard deviation of these means be used as reference values for each group.

scholarly journals Factor structure of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS) across English and Spanish language responders in the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa J. Perera ◽  
Carrie E. Brintz ◽  
Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman ◽  
Frank J. Penedo ◽  
Linda C. Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Ancillary Study

scholarly journals Az Észlelt Stressz Kérdőív járványspecifikus verziójának validálása

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (35) ◽  
pp. 1391-1396
Author(s):  
Csaba Hamvai ◽  
Ágoston Fáber ◽  
Barna Konkolÿ Thege
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Post Hoc

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Egyre több adat bizonyítja, hogy a COVID–19-járvány hatással van a pszichés egészségre, beleértve a megnövekedett észlelt stresszt is. Célkitűzés: Az Észlelt Stressz Kérdőív 10 tételes, járványspecifikus verziójának (PSS-PAN) megalkotása, validitásának és megbízhatóságának tesztelése. Módszer: A skála faktorstruktúráját, konvergens és divergens validitását teszteltük egy internetes vizsgálat során (n = 1164; átlagéletkor: 38,57 év; szórás: 6,27 év; 84,2% nő). Eredmények: Igazoltuk a PSS-PAN egykomponensű szerkezetét. A kérdőív továbbá szignifikánsan korrelált a rövidített Beck Depresszió Kérdőív (r = 0,41; n = 1164; p<0,001), a 4 tételes Észlelt Stressz Kérdőív (r = 0,46; n = 1164; p<0,001) és az Élettel Való Elégedettség Skála pontszámaival (r = –0,29; n = 1164; p<0,001). A nők esetében a PSS-PAN átlaga szignifikánsan magasabb volt, mint a férfiaknál (t(1162) = –7,135; p<0,001), de ez a hatásnagyság nagyon csekély volt (Cohen-féle d = 0,06). A PSS-PAN átlagpontszáma szignifikánsan nem különbözött a legmagasabb iskolai végzettség kategóriái mentén (F(6;1157) = 2,035; p = 0,06; η2 = 0,01). Az alsó középosztályba tartozó résztvevők átlagpontszáma szignifikánsan magasabb volt, mint a középosztályba tartozó kitöltőké a post hoc elemzés alapján (F(4;1159) = 3,461; p = 0,01; η2 = 0,01). A skála pontszáma nem korrelált szignifikánsan az életkorral (r = –0,04; n = 1164; p = 0,13). A Cronbach-alfa 0,89 volt, vagyis a kérdőív belső megbízhatósága kiváló. Megbeszélés: A skála egykomponensű struktúrát mutatott. A többi skálával való közepesen erős és gyenge korrelációja a skála validitását igazolta, és azt, hogy a járványhoz kapcsolódó észlelt stressz külön indikátora. Pontszámát nem vagy nem erősen befolyásolta a nem, a kor, az iskolázottság vagy a szocioökonómiai státusz. Következtetés: A PSS-PAN a járványokhoz kötődő stressz mérésének megfelelő eszköze. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(35): 1391–1396. Summary. Introduction: A growing amount of evidence indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic influences mental health, including an increased level of perceived stress. Objective: To develop and psychometrically investigate a pandemic-specific version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-PAN) that measures stress related to the pandemic. Method: Factor structure as well as convergent and divergent validity of the 10-item PSS-PAN were examined on the data set of an online survey (n = 1164; mean age: 38.57 years; standard deviation: 6.27 years; 84.2% women). Results: A one-factor structure for the PSS-PAN was confirmed. The scale correlated significantly with scores on the Shortened Beck Depression Inventory (r = 0.41; n = 1164; p<0.001), the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (r = 0.46; n = 1164; p<0.001), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (r = –0.29; n = 1164; p<0.001). Women’s PSS-PAN scores were significantly higher than men’s (t(1162) = –7.135; p<0.001) but this difference was trivial (Cohen’s d = 0.06). Further, scale scores did not differ significantly across educational attainment (F(6;1157) = 2.035; p = 0.06; η2 = 0.01). Lower middle class participants’ mean scores were significantly higher than those of middle-class respondents according to the post hoc test (F(4;1159) = 3.461; p = 0.01; η2 = 0.01). PSS-PAN scores did not correlate significantly with age (r = –0.04; n = 1164; p = 0.13). Cronbach’s alpha was 0.89 indicating excellent internal consistency. Discussion: The PSS-PAN has a single-component structure. Moderately strong and weak correlations with other scales support its convergent and divergent validity and indicate that it is a distinct indicator of pandemic-related perceived stress. Its total score was not or not strongly associated with gender, age, education level, or socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The PSS-PAN is a proper instrument to measure pandemic-specific perceived stress. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(35): 1391–1396.

scholarly journals Factor Structure of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) in a Sample from Mexico

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Teresa González Ramírez ◽  
René Landero Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
English Version ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The aim of this study was to analyze the cultural adaptation of the European Spanish version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Cohen, Kamarak, & Mermelstein, 1983), for its use in Mexican samples. Using a random sample of students, internal consistency was analyzed and the factor structure of the Spanish version of the PSS was compared with the factor structure found in the English version. Internal consistency was adequate (α = .83) and confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the factor structure. Factor 1 explained 42.8% of the variance and Factor 2 accounted for 53.2%. The goodness-of-fit measures also revealed an adequate fit. The cultural adaptation of the PSS was also evaluated with satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) psychometric properties in migrants and native Germans

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Diane Bastianon ◽  
Eva M. Klein ◽  
Ana Nanette Tibubos ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Manfred E. Beutel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
German Version ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Good Internal Consistency

Abstract Background With the increasing diversity of the German population, it is important to test the psychometric validity and reliability of the German version Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) specifically between German natives and residents with a migration background. Methods Using nationally representative data (N = 2527), this study conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine the most appropriate factor structure, a Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) to compare the validity of the two-factor structure and tested the PSS-10 measurement invariance between the German native and migrant sub-samples. Lastly, reliability of the PSS-10 was examined via Cronbach’s alpha, omega and individual item analyses across the two sub-samples. Results The EFA results support a two-factor structure in the migrant sample. The MGCFA showed adequate model fit for both sub-samples and the PSS-10 is strict invariant between German natives and migrants. Cronbach’s alpha and omega for Perceived Helplessness (PHS: factor 1) and Perceived Self-Efficacy (PSES: factor 2) demonstrate good internal consistency in both German and migrant sub-samples. Conclusions The key conclusions are: (1) the German version PSS-10 is suitable for German residents with a migration background. (2) Despite good internal consistency for the total scale, the PSS-10 measures two aspects: (a) perceived helplessness and (b) perceived self-efficacy. Future research would profit from analyzing the two subscales separately, not only using the total score.

scholarly journals The Factor Structure of the 4-Item Perceived Stress Scale in English Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-917
Author(s):  
Ola Demkowicz ◽  
Margarita Panayiotou ◽  
Emma Ashworth ◽  
Neil Humphrey ◽  
Jessica Deighton
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Unidimensional Structure

Abstract. This study investigated the factor structure, internal consistency, and known-groups validity of the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale in a large sample of 29,388 English adolescents. Results indicated that the original unidimensional structure was not viable and instead provided support for a two-factor structure. Examination of a bifactor-( S − 1) model indicated that this multidimensionality can be attributed to reverse-worded items; however, beyond method effects, these factors appear to capture distinct, though inter-related, constructs. As this multidimensional structure relies on 2-item factors, we advise use of longer versions of this measure where possible.

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