Effect of high pressure on the activation parameters of thermal transformations of trimethylsilyl(cumyl) peroxide in the liquid phase

1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2013-2018
Author(s):  
V. M. Zhulin ◽  
O. B. Rudakov ◽  
A. V. Ganyushkin ◽  
V. A. Yablokov
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Thermal Transformations

Kinetic effects of high pressure and the mechanism of thermal transformations of organosilicon peroxides

1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1825-1833
Author(s):  
V. M. Zhulin ◽  
O. B. Rudakov ◽  
G. A. Stashina ◽  
A. V. Ganyushkin ◽  
V. A. Yablokov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Transformations ◽  
Kinetic Effects

High-pressure liquid-liquid phase change in carbon

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 3591-3599 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van Thiel ◽  
F. H. Ree
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Change

scholarly journals Viscosity Measurement of Olive Oil under Pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawlicki LT
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Viscosity Measurement ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Characteristic Frequencies ◽  
Viscosity Changes

This article presents changes in the viscosity of olive oil during compression. The test was carried out indirectly by measuring the dependence of the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric immersed in olive oil on pressure. For this purpose, for successive pressures, the resonance curves were read and the values of the characteristic frequencies were determined. Viscosity changes were analysed and related to the compression and crystallization taking place in the tested substance. During this research, a phase transition from the liquid phase to the alpha crystalline phase was detected, during which the resonant frequency of the tested piezoelectric reached a minimum and the viscosity related to this frequency reached a maximum. The measurement method developed in this paper can be used to detect the phase transitions of oils subjected to pressure. This may find application in the oil production and high-pressure food preservation industries for which this knowledge is essential for the safe and trouble-free use of their machines.

scholarly journals Fuel spray vapour distribution correlations for a high pressure diesel fuel spray cases for different injector nozzle geometries.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlington Njere ◽  
Nwabueze Emekwuru
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Fuel Vapour

The evolution of diesel fuel injection technology, to facilitate strong correlations of in-cylinder spray propagation with injection conditions and injector geometry, is crucial in facing emission challenges. More observations of spray propagation are, therefore, required to provide valuable information on how to ensure that all the injected fuel has maximum contact with the available air, to promote complete combustion and reduce emissions. In this study, high pressure diesel fuel sprays are injected into a constant-volume chamber at injection and ambient pressure values typical of current diesel engines. For these types of sprays the maximum fuel liquid phase penetration is different and reached sooner than the maximum fuel vapour phase penetration. Thus, the vapour fuel could reach the combustion chamber wall and could be convected and deflected by swirling air. In hot combustion chambers this impingement can be acceptable but this might be less so in larger combustion chambers with cold walls. The fuel-ambient mixture in vapourized fuel spray jets is essential to the efficient performance of these engines. For this work, the fuel vapour penetration values are presented for fuel injectors of different k-factors. The results indicate that the geometry of fuel injectors based on the k-factors appear to affect the vapour phase penetration more than the liquid phase penetration. This is a consequence of the effects of the injector types on the exit velocity of the fuel droplets.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4951

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of High-Pressure Direct Injection Dual-Fuel Diesel-Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Engines

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Fuel Conversion ◽  
Better Than

Dual fuel engines using diesel and fuels that are gaseous at normal conditions are receiving increasing attention. They permit to achieve the same (or better) than diesel power density and efficiency, steady-state, and substantially similar transient performances. They also permit to deliver better than diesel engine-out emissions for CO2, as well as particulate matter, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrous oxides. The adoption of injection in the liquid phase permits to further improve the power density as well as the fuel conversion efficiency. Here, a model is developed to study a high-pressure, 1600 bar, liquid phase injector for liquefied natural gas (LNG) in a high compression ratio, high boost engine. The engine features two direct injectors per cylinder, one for the diesel and one for the LNG. The engine also uses mechanically assisted turbocharging (super-turbocharging) to improve the steady-state and transient performances of the engine, decoupling the power supply at the turbine from the power demand at the compressor. Results of steady-state simulations show the ability of the engine to deliver top fuel conversion efficiency, above 48%, and high efficiencies, above 40% over the most part of the engine load and speed range. The novelty of this work is the opportunity to use very high pressure (1600 bar) LNG injection in a dual fuel diesel-LNG engine. It is shown that this high pressure permits to increase the flow rate per unit area; thus, permitting smaller and lighter injectors, of faster actuation, for enhanced injector-shaping capabilities. Without fully exploring the many opportunities to shape the heat release rate curve, simulations suggest two-point improvements in fuel conversion efficiency by increasing the injection pressure.

Kinetics and Activation Parameters for the Alkaline Aqueous Rearrangement of Trichorfon [O,O-Dimethyl-(2,2,2-Trichloro-1-Hydroxyethyl) Phosphonate] to Dichlorvos [O,O-Dimethyl-O-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)Phosphate]

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian M. Dust ◽  
Christopher S. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
Rearrangement Product ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Order Plot ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The kinetics of the alkaline rearrangement of O,O-dimethyl-(2,2,2-trichloro-1- hydroxyethyl)phosphonate, (trichlorfon, 1), the active insecticidal component in such formulations as Dylox, was followed at 25±0.5°C by high pressure liquid chromatography (UV-vis detector, 210 nm). The rearrangement product, O,Odimethyl- O-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)phosphate (dichlorovos, 2), which is a more potent biocide than trichlorfon, undergoes further reaction, and the kinetics, consequently, cannot be treated by a standard pseudo-first-order plot. A two-point van't Hoff (initial rates) method was used to obtain pseudo-first-order rate constants (kѱ) at 25, 35 and 45°C: 2.6 × 10-6, 7.4 × 10-6 and 2.5 × 10-5 s-1, respectively. Arrhenius treatment of this data gave an activation energy (Ea) of 88 kJ·mol-1 with a pre-exponential factor (A) of 5.5 × 109 s-1. Kinetic trials at pH 8.0 using phosphate and tris buffer systems show no buffer catalysis in this reaction and indicate that the rearrangement is subject to specific base catalysis. Estimates are reported for pseudo-first-order half-lives for trichlorfon at pH 8.0 for environmental conditions in aqueous systems in the Corner Brook region of western Newfoundland, part of the site of a recent trichlorfon aerial spray program.

Liquid phase assisted high pressure sintering of dense TiC nanoceramics

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (15) ◽  
pp. 17972-17977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Liu ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Xuhai Li ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
High Pressure Sintering

Mechanism of Consolidation of Nanoparticles in Diamond-Boron Oxide System at High Pressure and Temperature

2006 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bykov ◽  
G. Oleynik ◽  
A. Ragulya ◽  
I. Timofeeva ◽  
L. Klochkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Boron Oxide ◽  
Diamond Powder ◽  
Oxide System ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
Ultradisperse Diamond ◽  
High Pressure Sintering ◽  
Diamond Powders

The high pressure sintering process of nanocrystalline diamond powder was studied. The influence of the liquid phase on the base of boron oxide was analyzed. The mechanism of cooperative-diffusive coalescence, which acts during sintering of ultradisperse diamond powders, is proposed.

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