scholarly journals Echinococcus multilocularis: immunological study on the ?Em2-positive? laminated layer during in vitro and in vivo post-oncospheral and larval development

1992 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gottstein ◽  
P. Deplazes ◽  
M. Aubert
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Immunological Study ◽  
Laminated Layer

scholarly journals Repurposing of an old drug: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of buparvaquone against Echinococcus multilocularis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Rufener ◽  
Luca Dick ◽  
Laura D'Ascoli ◽  
Dominic Ritler ◽  
Amani Hizem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis

In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo zebrafish toxicity evaluation of Ru(ii)/2-mercaptopyrimidine complexes

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (18) ◽  
pp. 6026-6039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivianne S. Velozo-Sá ◽  
Luciano R. Pereira ◽  
Aliny P. Lima ◽  
Francyelli Mello-Andrade ◽  
Manuela R. M. Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Embryonic And Larval Development

Ru(ii)/2-mercaptopyrimidine complexes active against cancer cells did not present toxic effects during embryonic and larval development of zebrafish.

scholarly journals In VitroandIn VivoEfficacies of Mefloquine-Based Treatment against Alveolar Echinococcosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Küster ◽  
Britta Stadelmann ◽  
Corina Hermann ◽  
Sabrina Scholl ◽  
Jennifer Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Complete Detachment ◽  
Laminated Layer

ABSTRACTAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the metacestode stage of the fox tapewormEchinococcus multilocularisand causes severe disease in the human liver, and occasionally in other organs, that is fatal when treatment is unsuccessful. The present chemotherapy against AE is based on mebendazole and albendazole. Albendazole treatment has been found to be ineffective in some instances, is parasitostatic rather than parasiticidal, and usually involves the lifelong uptake of large doses of drugs. Thus, new treatment options are urgently needed. In this study we investigated thein vitroandin vivoefficacy of mefloquine againstE. multilocularismetacestodes. Treatment using mefloquine (20 μM) againstin vitrocultures of metacestodes resulted in rapid and complete detachment of large parts of the germinal layer from the inner surface of the laminated layer within a few hours. Thein vitroactivity of mefloquine was dependent on the dosage.In vitroculture of metacestodes in the presence of 24 μM mefloquine for a period of 10 days was parasiticidal, as determined by murine bioassays, while treatment with 12 μM was not. Oral application of mefloquine (25 mg/kg of body weight administered twice a week for a period of 8 weeks) inE. multilocularis-infected mice was ineffective in achieving any reduction of parasite weight, whereas treatment with albendazole (200 mg/kg/day) was highly effective. However, when the same mefloquine dosage was applied intraperitoneally, the reduction in parasite weight was similar to the reduction seen with oral albendazole application. Combined application of both drugs did not increase the treatment efficacy. In conclusion, mefloquine represents an interesting drug candidate for the treatment of AE, and these results should be followed up in appropriatein vivostudies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil on goat gastrointestinal nematodes

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara Tersia Freitas Macedo ◽  
Claudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua ◽  
Lorena Mayana Beserra de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Lourdes Fernandes Camurça-Vasconcelos ◽  
Luiz da Silva Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Eucalyptus Citriodora ◽  
Egg Hatching

Phytotherapy may be an alternative strategy for controlling gastrointestinal parasites. This study evaluated the anthelmintic efficacy of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil (EcEO). The in vitro effects of EcEO were determined through testing the inhibition of egg hatching and larval development of Haemonchus contortus. EcEO was subjected to acute toxicity testing on mice, orally and intraperitoneally. The in vivo effects of EcEO were determined by the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) in goats infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The results showed that 5.3 mg.mL-1 EcEO inhibited egg hatching by 98.8% and 10.6 mg.mL-1 EcEO inhibited H. contortus larval development by 99.71%. The lethal doses for 50% of the mice were 4153 and 622.8 mg.kg-1, for acute toxicity orally and intraperitoneally. In the FECRT, the efficacy of EcEO and ivermectin was 66.25 and 79.16% respectively, on goat gastrointestinal nematodes eight days after treatment. EcEO showed in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity.

scholarly journals Leaves of Mauritia flexuosa L. f. (Arecaceae) is effective in vitro and in vivo in the control of Haemonchus contortus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e276101220493
Author(s):  
Matheus Ferreira Inácio ◽  
Franciellen Morais-Costa ◽  
Otávio Cardoso Filho ◽  
Isabela Parolis Martins ◽  
Valdo Soares Martins Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Mauritia Flexuosa ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Clinical Changes

In this study we evaluated the potential of Mauritia flexuosa leaves in the egg hatching and larval development inhibition and for reduction of egg count of this nematode in sheep feces. The leaves of this palm were collected and dehydrated for the production of aqueous and ethanolic extracts with and without tannins. Gas chromatography analysis indicated the presence of fifteen and ten major compounds in the aqueous and ethanolic extracts, respectively, and both showed catechin peaks. The total of condensed tannins for leaves of Mauritia flexuosa was 33.23% ± 2. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed 100% anthelmintic activity to inhibit hatchability at 75 mg/ml. The inhibitory concentrations LC90 for aqueous and ethanolic extracts were, respectively, 21.8 and 8.5 mg/ml. The dehydrated leaves powder of M. flexuosa at ≥ 152.08 mg / g of coproculture presented efficiencies greater than 80% for inhibition of larval development. The in vivo administration of aqueous extract at 62.1 mg/kg PC promoted anti-helminthic efficacy of 54.57% and, after 14 days, no clinical signs of toxicity and clinical changes were observed in the treated lambs, indicating potential of this extract for the control alternative of haemonchosis.

Long-term (35 years) cryopreservation of Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (9) ◽  
pp. 1048-1054
Author(s):  
Teivi Laurimäe ◽  
Philipp A. Kronenberg ◽  
Cristian A. Alvarez Rojas ◽  
Theodor W. Ramp ◽  
Johannes Eckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Maintenance ◽  
Term Storage

AbstractThe metacestode of Echinococcus multilocularis is the etiological agent of alveolar echinococcosis. The metacestode stage used for research is maintained in rodents by serial passages. In order to determine whether cryopreservation of E. multilocularis metacestodes would be suitable for long-term maintenance and replace serial passages, isolates of different geographic origin were cryopreserved in 1984–1986. The aim of the current study was to test the viability of cryopreserved isolates following long-term cryopreservation (up to 35 years) and to determine the phylogenetic clades these isolates belonged to. Cryopreserved isolates were tested for viability in vitro and in vivo in gerbils. In vitro results of 5 isolates indicated protoscolex survival in 13 of 17 experiments (76%) and metacestode survival in 5 of 12 (42%) in vivo experiments. In vivo results showed ‘abortive lesions’ in 13 of the 36 animals, 15 were negative and 8 harboured proliferating metacestode tissue containing protoscoleces. Genetic analysis confirmed the isolates belonged to European, Asian and North-American clades. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that metacestodes of E. multilocularis are able to survive long-term cryopreservation. Therefore, cryopreservation is a suitable method for long-term storage of E. multilocularis metacestode isolates and reduces the number of experimental animals.

scholarly journals Sequence and Structure of the Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta, Transhydrogenase Gene

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. IJIS.S9358
Author(s):  
Matthew Pelletier ◽  
Laura Leigh French ◽  
Stephen Trinidad ◽  
Kurt Vandock
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Tobacco Hornworm ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primers ◽  
Degenerate Oligonucleotide ◽  
Molecular Studies

The reversible mitochondrial transhydrogenase in Manduca sexta has been characterized and is involved with endocrine-mediated post-embryonic larval development in this model insect. While biochemical in vivo and in vitro studies have been accomplished, robust molecular studies of the transhydrogenase have not been possible due to deficient genomic data. In the present study, using a combination of degenerate oligonucleotide primers and raw genomic data, we have determined the structure and sequence of the transhydrogenase gene from the model insect Manduca sexta. The encoded protein is highly similar to other transhydrogenase proteins and this sequence is the first lepidopteran sequence reported to date.

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