C-banding of metaphase chromosomes in situ in petri dishes

1978 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 757-759
Author(s):  
J. E. K. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Petri Dishes

Sequential chromosome banding and in situ hybridization analysis

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiming Jiang ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding

Different combinations of chromosome N- or C-banding with in situ hybridization (ISH) or genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) were sequentially performed on metaphase chromosomes of wheat. A modified N-banding–ISH/GISH sequential procedure gave best results. Similarly, a modified C-banding – ISH/GISH procedure also gave satisfactory results. The variation of the hot acid treatment in the standard chromosome N- or C-banding procedures was the major factor affecting the resolution of the subsequent ISH and GISH. By the sequential chromosome banding – ISH/GISH analysis, multicopy DNA sequences and the breakpoints of wheat–alien translocations were directly allocated to specific chromosomes of wheat. The sequential chromosome banding– ISH/GISH technique should be widely applicable in genome mapping, especially in cytogenetic and molecular mapping of heterochromatic and euchromatic regions of plant and animal chromosomes.Key words: N-banding, C-banding, in situ hybridization, genomic in situ hybridization.

Characterization of Hordeum chilense chromosomes by C-banding and in situ hybridization using highly repeated DNA probes

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cabrera ◽  
B. Friebe ◽  
J. Jiang ◽  
B. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Hordeum Chilense ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Rdna Probe ◽  
26S Rdna ◽  
C Banding

C-banding patterns of Hordeum chilense and of Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' – H. chilense disomic addition lines were analyzed and compared with in situ hybridization patterns using a biotin-labeled highly repetitive Triticum tauschii DNA sequence, pAs1, and a wheat 18S–26S rDNA probe. All seven H. chilense chromosomes pairs and the added H. chilense chromosomes present in the addition lines were identified by their characteristic C-banding pattern. Chromosome morphology and banding patterns were similar to those of the corresponding chromosomes present in the parent H. chilense accession. A C-banded karyotype of the added H. chilense chromosomes was constructed and chromosome lengths, arm ratios, and relative length, as compared with chromosome 3B, were determined. The probe pAs1 was found to hybridize to specific areas on telomeres and interstitial sites along the chromosomes, allowing the identification of all seven pairs of the H. chilense chromosomes. Comparison of the patterns of distribution of the hybridization sites of clone pAs1 in the T. tauschii and H. chilense chromosomes was carried out by in situ hybridization on somatic metaphase chromosomes of the HchHchDD amphiploid. In situ hybridization using the 18S–26S rDNA probe confirmed that the H. chilense chromosomes 5Hch and 6Hch were carrying nucleolus organizer regions. The results are discussed on the basis of phylogenetic relationships between D and Hch genomes.Key words: Hordeum, Triticum, C-banding, in situ hybridization, phylogeny.

DNA sequence mapping in interphase and metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
Barbara Trask ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
Anne Bergmann ◽  
Mari Christensen ◽  
Anne Fertitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Texas Red ◽  
Fluorescent Spot

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the positions of DNA sequences can be discretely marked with a fluorescent spot. The efficiency of marking DNA sequences of the size cloned in cosmids is 90-95%, and the fluorescent spots produced after FISH are ≈0.3 μm in diameter. Sites of two sequences can be distinguished using two-color FISH. Different reporter molecules, such as biotin or digoxigenin, are incorporated into DNA sequence probes by nick translation. These reporter molecules are labeled after hybridization with different fluorochromes, e.g., FITC and Texas Red. The development of dual band pass filters (Chromatechnology) allows these fluorochromes to be photographed simultaneously without registration shift.

C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies of the wheat–alien hybrid 'Agrotana'

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
A. Laroche
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Chromosome Engineering ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Alien Chromatin ◽  
Chromosome Segments

'Agrotana', a wheat-alien hybrid (2n = 56), is a potential source of resistance to common root rot, stem rust, wheat streak mosaic virus, and the wheat curl mite. However, the origin of 'Agrotana', reported to be durum wheat × Agropyron trichophorum (pubescent wheatgrass), is uncertain. The objective of this investigation was to determine the chromosome constitution of 'Agrotana' using C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. The F1 hybrid of 'Agrotana' × 'Chinese Spring' wheat showed 7 I + 21 II in 14.9% of the pollen mother cells, evidence of the presence of the A, B, and D genomes in 'Agrotana'. The hybrid had 16 heavily C-banded chromosomes, namely 4A, and 1-7B of wheat, and a translocation that probably involved wheat chromosomes 2A and 2D. In situ hybridization using biotinylated genomic DNA of Ag. trichophorum cv. Greenleaf blocked with CS DNA failed to identify the alien chromosomes in 'Agrotana', indicating that the alien chromosomes were not likely derived from pubescent wheatgrass. In situ hybridization using labelled wheat genomic DNA blocked with 'Agrotana' DNA revealed that 'Agrotana' had 40 wheat, 14 alien, and 2 (a pair) wheat–alien translocated chromosomes. There was no homology between wheat and the alien chromosomes or chromosome segments involved in the wheat–alien recombinant. Two of the seven pairs of alien chromosomes were homoeologous to each other. The ability to identify alien chromatin in wheat using labelled wheat DNA instead of labelled alien DNA will be particularly useful in chromosome engineering of wheat germplasms having alien chromatin of unknown origin.Key words: wheat–alien hybrid, C-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization, labelled wheat DNA as probe.

A murine replication protein accumulates temporarily in the heterochromatic regions of nuclei prior to initiation of DNA replication

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Starborg ◽  
E. Brundell ◽  
K. Gell ◽  
C. Larsson ◽  
I. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Licensing Factor ◽  
Mammalian Homologue ◽  
Initiation Of Dna Replication

We have analyzed the expression of the murine P1 gene, the mammalian homologue of the yeast MCM3 protein, during the mitotic cell cycle. The MCM3 protein has previously been shown to be of importance for initiation of DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that the murine P1 protein was present in the nuclei of mammalian cells throughout interphase of the cell cycle. This is in contrast to the MCM3 protein, which is located in the nuclei of yeast cells only between the M and the S phase of the cell cycle. Detailed analysis of the intranuclear localization of the P1 protein during the cell cycle revealed that it accumulates transiently in the heterochromatic regions towards the end of G1. The accumulation of the P1 protein in the heterochromatic regions prior to activation of DNA replication suggests that the mammalian P1 protein is also of importance for initiation of DNA replication. The MCM2-3.5 proteins have been suggested to represent yeast equivalents of a hypothetical replication licensing factor initially described in Xenopus. Our data support this model and indicate that the murine P1 protein could function as replication licensing factor. The chromosomal localization of the P1 gene was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization to region 6p12 in human metaphase chromosomes.

Karyotypes and Distribution of Tandem Repeat Sequences in Brassica nigra Determined by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-xiang Wang ◽  
Qun-yan He ◽  
Jiri Macas ◽  
Petr Novák ◽  
Pavel Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Brassica Nigra ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Repeat Sequences ◽  
Tandem Repeat Sequences ◽  
Black Mustard

Whole-genome shotgun reads were analyzed to determine the repeat sequence composition in the genome of black mustard, Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. The analysis showed that satellite DNA sequences are very abundant in the black mustard genome. The distribution pattern of 7 new tandem repeats (BnSAT13, BnSAT28, BnSAT68, BnSAT76, BnSAT114, BnSAT180, and BnSAT200) on black mustard chromosomes was visualized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The FISH signals of BnSAT13 and BnSAT76 provided useful cytogenetic markers; their position and fluorescence intensity allowed for unambiguous identification of all 8 somatic metaphase chromosomes. A karyotype showing the location and fluorescence intensity of these tandem repeat sequences together with the position of rDNAs and centromeric retrotransposons of Brassica (CRB) was constructed. The establishment of the FISH-based karyotype in B. nigra provides valuable information that can be used in detailed analyses of B. nigra accessions and derived allopolyploid Brassica species containing the B genome.

scholarly journals Karyotypic diversity among three species of the genus Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Nishiyama ◽  
M. M. R. Vieira ◽  
F. E. Porto ◽  
L. A. Borin ◽  
A. L. B. Portela-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diploid Number ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Supernumerary Chromosome ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Banding Analysis ◽  
Karyotypic Diversity ◽  
Karyotype Formula

Abstract The group Incertae sedis within the Characidae family currently includes 88 genera, previously included in the subfamily Tetragonopterinae. Among them is the genus Astyanax comprising a group of species with similar morphology and widely distributed in the Neotropics. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the karyotype diversity in Astyanax species from different watersheds by conventional Giemsa staining, C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH rDNA 18S) probe.specimens of Astyanax aff. paranae belonging to the “scabripinnis complex”, Astyanax asunsionensis and Astyanax aff. bimaculatus were analyzed”. Two sympatric karyomorphs were observed in Astyanax.aff paranae, one of them having2n=48andthe other one with 2n=50 chromosomes. Other population of this same species also presented 2n=50 chromosomes, but differing in the karyotype formula and with macro supernumerary chromosome found in 100% of the cells in about 80%of females analyzed. Two population of A. asuncionensis and one population of Astyanax. aff. bimaculatus, also showed a diploid number of 50 chromosomes, but also differing in their karyotype formulas. Therefore, A. asuncionensis was also characterized by intraspecific chromosome diversity. The C-banding analysis was able to demonstrate a distinctable to demonstrate a distinct pattern of heterochromatin differing A. asuncionensis from Astyanax aff. paranae and Astyanax aff. bimaculatus. The supernumerary chromosome of Astyanax aff. paranae proved completely heterochromatic. Only Astyanax.aff. bimaculatus multiple showed multiple sites of nucleolar organizing regions. The other species were characterized by having a simple system of NOR. These data contributes to the know ledge of the existing biodiversity in our fish fauna, here highlighted by the inter- and intraspecific chromosomal diversity in the genus Astyanax.

Optimization of in situ hybridization to human metaphase chromosomes

1989 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodil Lomholt ◽  
Pernille Dissing Sørensen ◽  
Henrik Simonsen ◽  
Sune Frederiksen
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes
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