Facial attractiveness and juvenile delinquency among black and white offenders

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Cavior ◽  
L. Ramona Howard
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Offenders

Cross-Cultural Validity of the Depression Adjective Check List with a Sample of Black and White Juvenile Offenders

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
Debra W. Townsend ◽  
Gary Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
White Teachers ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Check List ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
White Offenders ◽  
Black Offenders

The validity of the Depression Adjective Check List and a specially developed check list were assessed with 48 black and 53 white juvenile offenders (70 boys, 31 girls) against self-ratings and ratings of 2 black and 2 white teachers. Both check lists correlated significantly with self- (−.29, −.30) and teachers' ratings (.36, .26) for white offenders, although teachers' ratings were correlated unexpectedly negatively with self-ratings (−.41). Only the special check list scores correlated with the two ratings for black offenders. The necessity of limiting use of tests to populations for which they have been validated is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Class II functional treatment on facial attractiveness, as perceived by professionals and laypeople

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Santori ◽  
Francesco Masedu ◽  
Domenico Ciavarella ◽  
Edoardo Staderini ◽  
Claudio Chimenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Before And After

AbstractThe literature offers different perspectives for and against two-phase treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion. Facial attractiveness is an important aspect to take into account, given that children with skeletal Class II are often bullied by their peers and have low self-esteem and a lower social perception. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the aesthetic perception of facial profiles by a large number of observers, before and after treatment with a functional appliance, compared to untreated controls. The pre- and post-treatment cephalograms of 20 Class II subjects treated with Sander’s bite-jumping appliance and 20 untreated historical controls were collected and transformed into black and white silhouettes depicting only the lower third of the face. An online questionnaire comprising the silhouettes of the two groups, three “calibration” profiles and an “ideal” profile was submitted to dentists, orthodontists, undergraduates and laypeople, asking them to rate the profile’s attractiveness using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The effect of treatment, and observers’ age, expertise and gender were analysed. The calibration images and the ideal profiles were used to evaluate the coherence of each observer’s judgement. The protocol was approved by the local Ethics Committee. Nine-hundred and ten questionnaires were collected. Treated subjects showed a larger improvement of facial attractiveness compared to controls. A significant effect of gender on the observer’s ratings was observed. Some observers showed incoherent judgement, which had a significant effect on the regression model. In conclusion, early treatment with functional appliances seems to improve patients’ facial aesthetics. This improvement is perceived equally by dental professionals and laypeople.

scholarly journals Beauty Is in the Eye of the Beholder: The Appraisal of Facial Attractiveness and Its Relation to Conscious Awareness

Perception ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron Tsikandilakis ◽  
Persefoni Bali ◽  
Peter Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Face Detection ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Experimental Stage

Previous research suggests that facial attractiveness relies on features such as symmetry, averageness and above-average sexual dimorphic characteristics. Due to the evolutionary and sociobiological value of these characteristics, it has been suggested that attractiveness can be processed in the absence of conscious awareness. This raises the possibility that attractiveness can also be appraised without conscious awareness. In this study, we addressed this hypothesis. We presented neutral and emotional faces that were rated high, medium and low for attractiveness during a pilot experimental stage. We presented these faces for 33.33 ms with backwards masking to a black and white pattern for 116.67 ms and measured face-detection and emotion-discrimination performance, and attractiveness ratings. We found that high-attractiveness faces were detected and discriminated more accurately and rated higher for attractiveness compared with other appearance types. A Bayesian analysis of signal detection performance indicated that faces were not processed significantly at-chance. Further assessment revealed that correct detection (hits) of a presented face was a necessary condition for reporting higher ratings for high-attractiveness faces. These findings suggest that the appraisal of attractiveness requires conscious awareness.

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