Solution of the problem of a flow of rarefied gas of constant density around a semiinfinite plate by the integral diffusion method

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
A. T. Onufriev
Keyword(s):  
Rarefied Gas ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Semiinfinite Plate

Therapeutic efficacy of some extracts of hot pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) and Sumac seeds (Rhus coriaria) on the growth of some isolated dermatophytes species

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Sara Omran ◽  
Abdulghani Alsamarai ◽  
Firas Razzzaq
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dermatology Clinic

Background: Fungal infections are one of the common skin diseases with difficulty in their treatment approach. The present efficient drugs for fungal infection are limited. Aim: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of plant extracts as alternative antifungal agents. Materials and methods: 100 clinical samples [68 from female and 32 from male] were collected during the period from March to July 2017 from subjects attending Dermatology Clinic in Salah Uldean General Hospital. Fungal infection was diagnosed with using KOH wet preparation. Fungal species identified by using conventional approach. The active ingredients existing in the plant extracts were detected and analyzed through qualitative and quantitative detection technique of chemical compounds using a high performance liquid chromatographic device (HPLC). Agar diffusion method was used to determine antifungal activity of plant extracts. Results: Direct microscopic examination showed that there were (75%) positive samples, while culture shows (67%) positive samples. The isolated dermatophytes belong to Epidermophyoton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton genus. The predominant dermatophytes were T. rubrum (25%) species. The highest frequency of infection was in the age group of 11-20 years. The sensitivity of the tested fungi to the aqueous and alcoholic plant extracts varies. Alcoholic extract of the hot pepper plant was more effective as antifungal than the aqueous extract of the same plant. However, aqueous hot pepper extracts was more effective against T. mentagrophyte than that of alcoholic extract. Additionally, alcoholic Sumac extract shows higher efficacy that aqueous extract. Conclusion: Hot pepper and Sumac extracts show antifungal activity against Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophyte.

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CULTURE POSITIVE ENTERIC FEVER

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Manish Kulshrestha ◽  
Dr. Anjali Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bone Marrow Culture ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Culture Positive

INTRODUCTION: Enteric fever includes typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Peak incidence is seen in children 5–15 years of age; but in regions where the disease is highly endemic, as in India, children younger than 5 years of age may have the highest infection rates. There are about 22 million new typhoid cases occur each year. Young children in poor, resource limited areas, who make up the majority of the new cases and there is a mortality figures of 215,000 deaths annually. A sharp decline in the rates of complications and mortality due to typhoid fever is observed as a result of introduction of effective antibiotic therapy since 1950s. MDR-ST became endemic in many areas of Asia, including India soon after multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serotype typhi (MDR-ST) that were resistant to all the three first-line drugs then in use, namely chloramphenicol, amoxycillin and co-trimoxazole emerged in early 1990s. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Only blood culture or bone marrow culture positive cases were included. The patients with culture isolated enteric fever were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion method using antibiotic discs. The analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out as per CLSI interpretative guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 82 culture positive cases were included in the present study. 80 culture isolates were from blood culture and 2 from the bone marrow culture. Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serovartyphi (S typhi) was isolated from 67 (81.70%) patients while Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovarparatyphi (S paratyphi A) was isolated from 13 (15.85%) cases and 2 (2.44%) were Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovarschottmuelleri (S paratyphi B). Of the 82 cases 65(79.3%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 17 (20.7%) were resistant to nalidixic acid, one (1.2%) case each was resistant to Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, 2 (2.4%) were resistant to chloramphenicol, 10 (12.2%) were resistant and to cotrimoxazole 3 (3.7%) were resistant. CONCLUSION: In a culture positive cases 65(79.3%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 17 (20.7%) were resistant to nalidixic acid. Multidrug resistant isolates were 65(79.3%).

Fungicidal and Bactericidal Activity of the Alkyl-Substituted Guanidine-Containing Oligomers

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
M.Ya. Vortman ◽  
◽  
Yu.B. Pysmenna ◽  
A.I. Chuenko ◽  
D.R. Abdulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Alkyl Bromides ◽  
Base Form ◽  
Two Stages

Biocides are widely used in medicine and various industries to protect against a number of harmful microorganisms. Organic quaternary ammonium and guanidine-containing compounds, the biological action of which is based on membrane-toxic properties, are used as bactericidal preparations. The aim of this work was to study the bactericidal and fungicidal activities of the synthesized oligomeric alkylsubstituted guanidinium bromides with different radicals -C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21, against different isolates of heterotrophic bacteria and microscopic fungi. Methods. The synthesis of alkyl-substituted guanidiniumcontaining oligomers was performed in two stages. In the first stage, alkyl-substituted guanidine was obtained by the reaction of guanidine, previously converted by alkali from the salt form to the base form by the base and alkyl bromides (Alk=-C3H7 (propyl), -C7H15 (heptyl), -C10H21 (decyl)) in methanol at a temperature of 50°C and a molar ratio of 1:1. The second carried out the reaction between aromatic oligoepoxide DER-331 and alkyl-substituted guanidine in methanol at a temperature of 50°C for 2–3 hours and a molar ratio of 1:2. Bacteria were grown on meat-peptone agar for 48 hours at a temperature of 28±2°С. Test cultures of micromycetes were cultured on agar beer wort (6°B), incubated for 14 days in a thermostat at a temperature of 28±2°C. Antimicrobial activity of newly synthesized alkyl-substituted guanidinium-containing oligomers was determined by standard disco-diffusion method (method of disks on agar) and fungicidal activity was determined by the method of holes in agar. Results. Oligomeric alkylsubstituted guanidinium bromides with different radicals composed -C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21- synthesized by the reaction of guanidine alkyl bromides with aromatic oligoepoxydes. It was found that alkyl-substituted guanidinium-containing oligomers at a concentration of 1–3% inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli 475, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 465, Klebsiella pneumonia 479, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes 109, Staphylococcus aureus 451, E. faecalis 422, Rhodococcus erythropolis 102, Bacillus subtilis 138 and most of the studied micromycetes – Aureobasidium pullulans F-41430, Paecilomyces variotii F-41432, Penicillium funiculosum F-41435, Penicillium ochrochloron F-41431, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis F-41434, Trichoderma viride F-41437, Candida albicans F-41441, Aspergillus flavus F-41442, Aspergillus niger F-41448, Penicillium sp. F-41447. Conclusions. Antimicrobial and fungicidal properties significantly depend on the length of the alkyl radical, with increasing of its length the diameter of the zone of bacterial and micromycetes growth retardation increases.10.15407/microbiolj82.06.054

Preliminary in Vitro Investigations on The Inhibitory Activity of The Original Dietary Supplement Oxidal® on Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Prof. Teodora P. Popova ◽  
Toshka Petrova ◽  
Ignat Ignatov ◽  
Stoil Karadzhov
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microbial Strains

The antimicrobial action of the dietary supplement Oxidal® was tested using the classic Bauer and Kirby agar-gel diffusion method. Clinical and reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used in the studies. The tested dietary supplement showed a well-pronounced inhibitory effect against the microbial strains commensurable with that of the broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent Enrofloxacin and showed even higher activity than the broad spectrum antibiotic Thiamphenicol. The proven inhibitory effect of the tested dietary supplement against the examined pathogenic bacteria is in accordance with the established clinical effectiveness standards for antimicrobial agents.

Behavior of Additive Elements for Nd-Fe-B Alloy Powder Produced by Reduction-diffusion Method with Metallic Ca.

1999 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-630
Author(s):  
Kaname TAKEYA ◽  
Yoshihiro TSUBOI ◽  
Kenji OHMORI ◽  
Yasuhiro OKAJIMA
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Diffusion Method

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sushma Vashisht ◽  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Viney Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

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