Micromechanics of the velocity and normal stress dependence of rock friction

1994 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibin Wang ◽  
Christopher H. Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Normal Stress ◽  
Stress Dependence ◽  
Rock Friction

scholarly journals Determination of loading capacity depending on bevel angle of the wooden bonded scarf joint

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Dajbych ◽  
D. Herák ◽  
A. Sedláček ◽  
G. Gűrdil
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Stress Dependence ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Scarf Joint ◽  
Formula Derivation ◽  
Mohr’S Circle

The paper is focused on comparison of experimental and simple theoretical method of determination of loading capacity depending on bevel angle of wooden bonded scarf joint. The Mohr's circle principle, thus shear stress dependence on normal stress, is used for loading capacity formula derivation. It has been established that for random bevel angle under approximately 70 degrees the future loading capacity can be calculated from knowledge of ultimate force for bevel angle 0 and 90 degrees.

Rock friction under variable normal stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 7042-7075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kilgore ◽  
N. M. Beeler ◽  
Julian Lozos ◽  
David Oglesby
Keyword(s):  
Normal Stress ◽  
Rock Friction

scholarly journals Temperature dependence of ice-on-rock friction at realistic glacier conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2086) ◽  
pp. 20150348 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McCarthy ◽  
H. Savage ◽  
M. Nettles
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Velocity Dependence ◽  
Ice Streams ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Rock Friction ◽  
Load Point ◽  
Basal Sliding ◽  
Temperature Dependences

Using a new biaxial friction apparatus, we conducted experiments of ice-on-rock friction in order to better understand basal sliding of glaciers and ice streams. A series of velocity-stepping and slide–hold–slide tests were conducted to measure friction and healing at temperatures between −20°C and melting. Experimental conditions in this study are comparable to subglacial temperatures, sliding rates and effective pressures of Antarctic ice streams and other glaciers, with load-point velocities ranging from 0.5 to 100 µm s −1 and normal stress σ n  = 100 kPa. In this range of conditions, temperature dependences of both steady-state friction and frictional healing are considerable. The friction increases linearly with decreasing temperature (temperature weakening) from μ  = 0.52 at −20°C to μ  = 0.02 at melting. Frictional healing increases and velocity dependence shifts from velocity-strengthening to velocity-weakening behaviour with decreasing temperature. Our results indicate that the strength and stability of glaciers and ice streams may change considerably over the range of temperatures typically found at the ice–bed interface. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Microdynamics of ice’.

scholarly journals Earthquake triggering model based on normal-stress-dependent Nagata law: application to the 2016 Mie offshore earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Yoshida ◽  
Takuto Maeda ◽  
Naoyuki Kato
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Stress Dependence ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Stress Dependent ◽  
Offshore Earthquake

Abstract We propose a normal-stress-dependent Nagata law. Nagata et al. (J Geophys Res 117:B02314, 2012) revised the rate- and state-dependent friction law by introducing the shear stress dependence. We further extended the Nagata law by incorporating the normal stress dependence obtained by Linker and Dieterich (J Geophys Res 97:4923–4940, 1992). We performed numerical simulations of earthquake triggering by assuming the extended Nagata law. In the case of repeated earthquakes, we applied dynamic Coulomb failure function (CFF) perturbation due to normal or shear stress changes. CFF perturbation increased the slip velocity after the cessation of perturbation, relative to that of the repeated events without triggering. This leads to dynamic earthquake triggering for certain perturbation amplitudes with time to instability of 0 to several tens of days. In addition, triggering potential of the static CFF jump (ΔCFFs) was investigated. Static stress perturbation has a higher triggering potential than dynamic stress perturbation for the same magnitude of CFF. The equivalent ΔCFFeq is evaluated for dynamic perturbation that results in a triggering potential approximately the same as in the case of static stress perturbation if ΔCFFs = ΔCFFeq. We calculated ΔCFFeq on the interface of the Philippine Sea plate for the Mie offshore earthquake, which occurred around the Nankai Trough on April 1, 2016, using OpenSWPC. The results shows that ΔCFFeq is large around the trough, where slow slip events followed the Mie earthquake, suggesting that a large ΔCFFeq may have triggered slow slip events.

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