A connectionist model of visual-word recognition that accounts for interactions between mask size and word length

1991 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T. Smith ◽  
Timothy R. Jordan ◽  
Dinkar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Connectionist Model ◽  
Mask Size

scholarly journals Greek word recognition by Greek readers and the DRC model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthymia C Kapnoula ◽  
Athanassios Protopapas ◽  
Steven J. Saunders ◽  
Max Coltheart
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Bigram Frequency ◽  
Nonword Naming ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Psycholinguistic Variables ◽  
Dual Route

We evaluated the dual route cascaded (DRC) model of visual word recognition using Greek behavioural data on word and nonword naming and lexical decision, focusing on the effects of syllable and bigram frequency. DRC was modified to process polysyllabic Greek words and nonwords. The Greek DRC and native speakers of Greek were presented with the same sets of word and nonword stimuli, spanning a wide range on several psycholinguistic variables, and the sensitivity of the model to lexical and sublexical variables was compared to the effects of these factors on the behavioural data. DRC pronounced correctly all the stimuli and successfully simulated the effects of frequency in words, and of length and bigram frequency in nonwords. However, unlike native speakers of Greek, DRC failed to demonstrate sensitivity to word length and syllabic frequency. We discuss the significance of these findings in constraining models of visual word recognition.

The Computational Exploration of Visual Word Recognition in a Split Model

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1171-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shillcock ◽  
Padraic Monaghan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Connectionist Model ◽  
Computational Exploration ◽  
Contralateral Projection ◽  
Psychological Evidence ◽  
Random Patterns

We argue that the projection of the visual field to the cortex constrains and informs the modeling of visual word recognition. On the basis of anatomical and psychological evidence, we claim that the higher-level cognition involved in word recognition does not completely transcend initial foveal splitting. We present a schematic connectionist model of word recognition that instantiates the precise splitting of the visual field and the contralateral projection of the two hemifields. We explore the special nature of the exterior (i.e., first and last) letters of words in reading. The model produces the correct behavior spontaneously and robustly. We analyze this behavior of the model with respect to words and random patterns and conclude that the systematic division of the visual input has predictable, general informational consequences and is chiefly responsible for the exterior letters effect.

Evidence for word length coding during visual word recognition

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-32
Author(s):  
Paul A. Skarratt ◽  
Scott McDonald ◽  
Michal Lavidor
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Visual Word

Evaluating a split processing model of visual word recognition: effects of word length

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Lavidor ◽  
Andrew W Ellis ◽  
Richard Shillcock ◽  
Trevor Bland
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Visual Word

Does Viotin Activate Violin More Than Viocin?

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Perea ◽  
Victoria Panadero
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Developmental Dyslexia ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Base Word ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Skilled Readers ◽  
Young Readers

The vast majority of neural and computational models of visual-word recognition assume that lexical access is achieved via the activation of abstract letter identities. Thus, a word’s overall shape should play no role in this process. In the present lexical decision experiment, we compared word-like pseudowords like viotín (same shape as its base word: violín) vs. viocín (different shape) in mature (college-aged skilled readers), immature (normally reading children), and immature/impaired (young readers with developmental dyslexia) word-recognition systems. Results revealed similar response times (and error rates) to consistent-shape and inconsistent-shape pseudowords for both adult skilled readers and normally reading children – this is consistent with current models of visual-word recognition. In contrast, young readers with developmental dyslexia made significantly more errors to viotín-like pseudowords than to viocín-like pseudowords. Thus, unlike normally reading children, young readers with developmental dyslexia are sensitive to a word’s visual cues, presumably because of poor letter representations.

The Sound of Enemies and Friends in the Neighborhood

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Pecher ◽  
Inge Boot ◽  
Saskia van Dantzig ◽  
Carol J. Madden ◽  
David E. Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Orthographic Neighborhood ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Semantic Class ◽  
Orthographic Neighbors ◽  
Target Words

Previous studies (e.g., Pecher, Zeelenberg, & Wagenmakers, 2005) found that semantic classification performance is better for target words with orthographic neighbors that are mostly from the same semantic class (e.g., living) compared to target words with orthographic neighbors that are mostly from the opposite semantic class (e.g., nonliving). In the present study we investigated the contribution of phonology to orthographic neighborhood effects by comparing effects of phonologically congruent orthographic neighbors (book-hook) to phonologically incongruent orthographic neighbors (sand-wand). The prior presentation of a semantically congruent word produced larger effects on subsequent animacy decisions when the previously presented word was a phonologically congruent neighbor than when it was a phonologically incongruent neighbor. In a second experiment, performance differences between target words with versus without semantically congruent orthographic neighbors were larger if the orthographic neighbors were also phonologically congruent. These results support models of visual word recognition that assume an important role for phonology in cascaded access to meaning.

Consonants and Vowels in Visual Word Recognition: An MEG Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Molinaro ◽  
Mikel Lizarazu ◽  
Jon Andoni Dunabeitia ◽  
Manuel Carreiras
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word
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