Principal component analysis of air temperature in Belgium

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sneyers ◽  
M. Vandiepenbeeck ◽  
R. Vanlierde
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis

scholarly journals Multi-trait Analysis of Agroclimate Variations During the Growing Season in East-Central Poland (1971-2005)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Radzka ◽  
Katarzyna Rymuza
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The South ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
The North

Abstract The work is based on meteorological data recorded by nine stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management located in east-central Poland from 1971 to 2005. The region encompasses the North Podlasian Lowland and the South Podlasian Lowland. Average values of selected agroclimate indicators for the growing season were determined. Moreover, principal component analysis was conducted to indicate elements that exerted the greatest influence on the agroclimate. Also, cluster analysis was carried out to select stations with similar agroclimate. Ward method was used for clustering and the Euclidean distance was applied. Principal component analysis revealed that the agroclimate of east-central Poland was predominantly affected by climatic water balance, number of days of active plant growth, length of the farming period, and the average air temperature during the growing season (Apr-Sept). Based on the analysis, the region of east-central Poland was divided into two groups (areas) with different agroclimatic conditions. The first area comprized the following stations: Szepietowo and Białowieża located in the North Podlasian Lowland and Biała Podlaska situated in the northern part of the South Podlasian Lowland. This area was characterized by shorter farming periods and a lower average air temperature during the growing season. The other group included the remaining stations located in the western part of both the Lowlands which was warmer and where greater water deficits were recorded.

scholarly journals PARAMETER FISIKA, KIMIA, DAN BIOLOGI PENCIRI HABITAT IKAN BELIDA (Chitala lopis)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Arif Wibowo ◽  
Mas Tri Djoko Sunarno ◽  
Safran Makmur
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Penelitian mengenai parameter fisika, kimia, dan biologi penciri habitat ikan belida (Chitala lopis) dilakukan tahun 2005 - 2006 di perairan umum daratan di Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan Jawa. Tujuan nya adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi parameter lingkungan yang menjadi karakteristik habitat ikan belida dari berbagai badan air di Jawa, Sumatera, dan Kalimantan. Metode survei dan kegiatan laboratorium digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Parameter lingkungan yang diamati meliputi suhu udara, suhu air, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Daya Hantar Listrik (DHL), klorofil-a, kecepatan arus, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), oksigen terlarut, pH, alkalinitas, CO2 bebas, kedalaman air, dan kecerahan pada 116 lokasi pengambilan yang ditentukan secara sengaja di Sungai Tulang Bawang (Provinsi Lampung), Sungai Kampar, Sungai Siak (Provinsi Riau), Sungai Musi (Provinsi Sumatera Selatan), Sungai Citarum (Provinsi Jawa Barat), Sungai Kapuas (Provinsi Kalimantan Barat), dan Waduk Riam Kanan (Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan). Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan analisis multivariabel regresi berganda Metode Backward yang didasarkan pada Analisis Komponen Utama (Principal Component Analysis) dan pembeda (Discriminant Analysis), serta korespondensi analisis (correspondency analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan habitat ikan belida dapat dibedakan menjadi tiga tipe, yaitu tipe yang menyerupai sungai utama, waduk, dan anak sungai. Pembeda utama sekaligus parameter lingkungan utama adalah parameter TDS yang paling besar, dan selanjutnya parameterparameter DHL, suhu udara, klorofil-a, kecepatan arus, BOD, Oksigen terlarut, pH, alkalinitas, dan CO2 bebas menyumbang yang paling sedikit. Kehadiran plankton genus Ulothrix dan Mytilina secara tidak langsung teridentifikasi sebagai penciri habitat spesifik ikan belida. Research on physical, chemical, and biological parameters indicating specific habitat of clown knife fish (Chitala lopis) was carried out at 2005 - 2006 in inlands waters of Sumatera, Borneo, and Java. This study purposed to obtain information of environmental parameters indicating habitat characteristic of the knife fish in various inland waters bodies in Sumatera, Borneo, and Java. Survey method and laboratory activities were employed in this research. Environmental parameters observed were air temperature, water temperature, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), conductivity, water velocity, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, free C02, water depth, and water transparancy taken on 116 sampling stations distributing in Tulang Bawang River (Lampung Province), Kampar and Siak River (Riau Province), Musi River (South Sumatera Province), Kapuas River (West Kalimantan Province), Riam Kanan Reservoar (South Kalimantan Province), and Citarum River (West Java Province). Data analysis used multivariate approach of multiple regression of Backward Method such as Principal Component Analysis, Discriminant Analysis, and Corre spondency Analysis. The results showed that the clown knife fish habitats could be divided by three types of specific habitat, namely water bodies similar with main rivers, reservoir, and tributaries. Parameter of TDS indicated the primary differentization as well as habitat characteristics of the clown knife fish.Whilst the parameters of conductivity, air temperature, chlorophyill-a, water current, BOD, dissolved oxygen, pH, alcalinity, and free CO2 contributed less significance. The existence of plankton from genus Ulothrix and Mytilina was identified indirectly as the specific habitat of the clown knife fish.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS TO DROUGHT INDICATORS OF THREE REPRESENTATIVE CROATIAN REGIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Lidija Tadić ◽  
◽  
Tamara Brleković ◽  
Kristina Potočki ◽  
Marija Leko-Kos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Standard Normal Homogeneity Test ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drought Occurrence

Drought has become a very frequent hydrological event globally, including in Croatia. It can generally be explained by air temperature and precipitation changes on an annual and seasonal basis, owing to climate change. To contribute to the knowledge on drought phenomena in Croatia, the changes in air temperature and precipitation over a relatively long period between 1951 and 2018 were analyzed. The meteorological stations included in the research were Osijek, Zagreb, and Split, which represented the climate of the entire country. Drought was estimated using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, which is one of the most comprehensive drought indices. Furthermore, the drought severity and duration were calculated using run theory. These parameters were tested for homogeneity using the standard normal homogeneity test. Only the air temperature exhibited inhomogeneity, with a break year in 1991 (Zagreb and Split) and 1998 (Osijek). The existence of significant temporal trends was tested using the non-parametric Mann–Kendall trend test. The probability of drought occurrence with a certain duration and severity was calculated using the copula function. Finally, principal component analysis was applied to the computed standardized Mann–Kendall test statistic (ZMK ) to define the relevance of each parameter change and their combination in drought occurrence on a seasonal basis. Drought occurrence was less recognizable from 1951 to 1991 (1998). In the second sub-period, the impact of an increasing air temperature was the most significant variable, particularly in Zagreb.

scholarly journals The impact of temporal patterns of temperature and precipitation on silver Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) spawning events

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Bondarev ◽  
O. M. Kunah ◽  
M. P. Fedushko ◽  
N. L. Gubanova
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

It was revealed that Gibel carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) spawning phenology is determined by regular patterns of variability in temperature and precipitation over the period of time after spawning in the previous year. The sensitivity to temperature of water as a stimulus to spawning was shown as being dependent on the characteristics of the environment and fish development trajectories over the previous year. Information about fish spawning was collected in the Dnipro-Orylskiy Nature Reserve in the following locations: Nikolayev system of water bodies, River Protoch system and the Obukhov floodplain, the channel of the River Dnipro, water bodies of the Taromske ledge. The materials that formed the basis of this research were collected from the waters of the reserve in the years 1997–2018. There are dependencies between the air and water temperatures that have their own characteristics depending on the type of water body. These dependencies are described by a logistic equation. The temperature regime in water bodies of the Taromske ledge is very similar to the temperature regime of Nikolayev system of water bodies. The difference is that the spring period of the temperature increase in water bodies of the Taromske ledge comes earlier – in late February – early March. The air temperature dynamics over the year is described by the fourth degree polynomial. The residuals of the polynomial regression for each year were subjected to principal component analysis. The principal component analysis allowed us to identify 8 principal components of the temperature regimes, which together describe 59.2% of the variation of the residual of the polynomial trend. Deviations from the linear trend of the precipitation are systematic throughout the year, reflecting the uneven nature of rainfall during the year. The residuals of linear trend regression models of cumulative precipitation can be used as indicators of the dynamics characteristic of precipitation during the year. The residuals were used for principal component analysis, which revealed that the dynamics of the precipitation can be divided into five orthogonal principal components. The first five principal components explain 82.6% of the feature space variation. The timing of the onset of C. gibelio spawning in 95% of cases occurs on the 113–139th days of the year (on average, it takes place on the 125th day). Regression analysis revealed that the climate principal components and types of the lake systems can explain 79% of the variation in the timing of the onset of C. gibelio spawning. The water temperature at the time of C. gibelio spawning was exposed to natural dynamics in year aspect. The local minimum of the onset of spawning temperatures occured in the mid 2000s. Total of 69% of the water temperature variation at which spawning begins can be described by climatic predictors and water biotope types. The variation explained by some temperature principal components may be increased considerably after including as covariates such variables as the precipitation principal component and the biotope type. This principal component which represents the high frequency variation of the air temperature regime with a characteristic period 20 and 45 days has the highest explanation ability of all the components and is a constant explanatory predictor for all considered spawning characteristics.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

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