Physical essence of erosional plasma formation and the formation of plasma flows by the action of different types of high-energy sources on absorbing condensed media

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-488
Author(s):  
L. Ya. Min'ko
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Plasma Formation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Condensed Media ◽  
Plasma Flows ◽  
Physical Essence ◽  
Different Types

PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM VARIOUS BIOMASS AND WASTE SPECIES IN AZERBAIJAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
O. M. Salamov ◽  
F. F. Aliyev
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Gaseous Fuels

The paper discusses the possibility of obtaining liquid and gaseous fuels from different types of biomass (BM) and combustible solid waste (CSW) of various origins. The available world reserves of traditional types of fuel are analyzed and a number of environmental shortcomings that created during their use are indicated. The tables present the data on the conditional calorific value (CCV) of the main traditional and alternative types of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels which compared with CCV of various types of BM and CSW. Possible methods for utilization of BM and CSW are analyzed, as well as the methods for converting them into alternative types of fuel, especially into combustible gases.Reliable information is given on the available oil and gas reserves in Azerbaijan. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the currently available oil reserves of Azerbaijan can completely dry out after 33.5 years, and gas reserves–after 117 years, without taking into account the growth rates of the exported part of these fuels to European countries. In order to fix this situation, first of all it is necessary to use as much as possible alternative and renewable energy sources, especially wind power plants (WPP) and solar photovoltaic energy sources (SFES) in the energy sector of the republic. Azerbaijan has large reserves of solar and wind energy. In addition, all regions of the country have large reserves of BM, and in the big cities, especially in industrial ones, there are CSW from which through pyrolysis and gasification is possible to obtain a high-quality combustible gas mixture, comprising: H2 + CO + CH4, with the least amount of harmful waste. The remains of the reaction of thermochemical decomposition of BM and CSW to combustible gases can also be used as mineral fertilizers in agriculture. The available and projected resources of Azerbaijan for the BM and the CSW are given, as well as their assumed energy intensity in the energy sector of the republic.Given the high energy intensity of the pyrolysis and gasification of the BM and CSW, at the present time for carrying out these reactions, the high-temperature solar installations with limited power are used as energy sources, and further preference is given to the use of WPP and SFES on industrial scale.

scholarly journals Towards the Hydrogen Economy—A Review of the Parameters That Influence the Efficiency of Alkaline Water Electrolyzers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3193
Author(s):  
Ana L. Santos ◽  
Maria-João Cebola ◽  
Diogo M. F. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cell Components

Environmental issues make the quest for better and cleaner energy sources a priority. Worldwide, researchers and companies are continuously working on this matter, taking one of two approaches: either finding new energy sources or improving the efficiency of existing ones. Hydrogen is a well-known energy carrier due to its high energy content, but a somewhat elusive one for being a gas with low molecular weight. This review examines the current electrolysis processes for obtaining hydrogen, with an emphasis on alkaline water electrolysis. This process is far from being new, but research shows that there is still plenty of room for improvement. The efficiency of an electrolyzer mainly relates to the overpotential and resistances in the cell. This work shows that the path to better electrolyzer efficiency is through the optimization of the cell components and operating conditions. Following a brief introduction to the thermodynamics and kinetics of water electrolysis, the most recent developments on several parameters (e.g., electrocatalysts, electrolyte composition, separator, interelectrode distance) are highlighted.

Surface overgrowth on gold nanoparticles modulating high-energy facets for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong Choi ◽  
Joon Woo Park ◽  
Woonghyeon Park ◽  
Yousung Jung ◽  
Hyunjoon Song
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) has been considered one of the potential technologies to store electricity from renewable energy sources into chemical energy. For this aim, designing catalysts with high...

scholarly journals The Optimization of Hybrid Power Systems with Renewable Energy and Hydrogen Generation

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Cheng Wang ◽  
Yi-Shao Hsiao ◽  
Yi-Zhe Yang
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Different Types

This paper discusses the optimization of hybrid power systems, which consist of solar cells, wind turbines, fuel cells, hydrogen electrolysis, chemical hydrogen generation, and batteries. Because hybrid power systems have multiple energy sources and utilize different types of storage, we first developed a general hybrid power model using the Matlab/SimPowerSystemTM, and then tuned model parameters based on the experimental results. This model was subsequently applied to predict the responses of four different hybrid power systems for three typical loads, without conducting individual experiments. Furthermore, cost and reliability indexes were defined to evaluate system performance and to derive optimal system layouts. Finally, the impacts of hydrogen costs on system optimization was discussed. In the future, the developed method could be applied to design customized hybrid power systems.

scholarly journals Two-stage acceleration of interstellar ions driven by high-energy lepton plasma flows

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
YunQian Cui ◽  
ZhengMing Sheng ◽  
QuanMing Lu ◽  
YuTong Li ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Plasma Flows ◽  
Two Stage

Heavy Fluoride Glasses as an Alternative to Crystals in High Energy Physics Calorimetry

1994 ◽  
Vol 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dafinei ◽  
E. Auffray ◽  
P. Lecoq ◽  
M. Schneegans
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Fluoride Glasses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Electromagnetic Calorimeters ◽  
Physics Experiments ◽  
Energy Physics

ABSTRACTIn the quest for low cost scintillators to equip the very large electromagnetic calorimeters for future High Energy Physics experiments, scintillating glasses can offer an attractive alternative to crystals. The expected production price is indeed supposed to be reduced as compared to crystals, especially for very large volumes. An intense R&D effort has been made by the Crystal Clear collaboration to develop heavy scintillating fluoride glasses in close collaboration with the industry. Results will be shown on the fluorescence and scintillation properties as well as on the radiation resistance of different types of fluoride glasses. Ideas about possible improvement of present performances will also be given.

scholarly journals A lightweight magnetic gripper for an aerial delivery vehicle: design and applications

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Sutera ◽  
Dario Calogero Guastella ◽  
Giovanni Muscato
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Delivery Service ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
High Energy Consumption

<p>In recent years, drones have become widely used in many fields. Their vertical flight capability makes these systems suitable for carrying out a variety of tasks. In this paper, the delivery service they provide is analysed. The delivery of goods quickly and to remote areas is a relevant application scenario; however, the systems proposed in the literature use electromagnets, which affect the duration of the flight. In addition, these devices are heavy and suffer from high energy consumption, which reduces the maximum transportable payload. This study proposes a new lightweight magnetic plate composed of permanent magnets, capable of collecting and positioning any object as long as it has a ferromagnetic surface on the top. This plate was developed for the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge 2020, an international robotics competition for multi-robot systems. Challenge two of this competition required a drone capable of picking up different types of bricks and assembling them to build a wall according to an assigned pattern. The bricks were of different colours and sizes, with weights ranging from 1 to 2 kg. In light of this, it was concluded that weight was the most relevant specification to consider in drone design.</p>

scholarly journals Editorial

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
New Energy ◽  
High Technologies ◽  
Energy Physics

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials is an international journal published 4 numbers per year starting from October 2017. The aim of the journal is rapid publication of original articles and rewiews in the following areas: nuclear physics, high energy physics, radiation ecology, alternative energy (nuclear and hydrogen, photovoltaic, new energy sources, energy efficiency and energy saving, the energy sector impact on the environment), functional materials and related problems of high technologies.

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