Dynamic mechanical properties of a heavily filled rubber

S. K. Ordzhonikidze; A. D. Margolin; P. F. Pokhil

doi:10.1007/bf00855768

Strain Dependence of Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Carbon Black-Filled Rubber Compounds

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3538354 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 15-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

J. D. Ulmer

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Strain Amplitude ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽

Model Description ◽

Strain Dependence ◽

Dynamic Mechanical ◽

Filled Rubber ◽

Rubber Compounds ◽

Viscous Modulus

Abstract The strain dependencies of dynamic mechanical properties of carbon black-filled rubber compounds have been modeled by Kraus. Evaluation of the Kraus model with carbon black loadings up to 110 phr shows that it provides a fairly good overall description of elastic modulus, G′, as a function of strain, γ. The model description of G′ strain dependence improves with decreased carbon black loading, and is very good with carbon black loadings of 50 phr and less. The model description of viscous modulus strain dependence, G″(γ), is less successful than the G′(γ) description. Several empirical modifications of the viscous modulus model are examined. The most improved model is a very good approximation to viscous modulus over a wide experimental strain-range. Its utility, and that of the Kraus G′(γ) model, are illustrated through calculation of simple shear dynamic properties from torsion property measurements on a solid cylinder, where the strain amplitude varies across the specimen radius. The models allow transformation of the apparent moduli, reported as functions of strain amplitude at the cylinder's outer edge, to their true counterparts, G′(γ) and G″(γ), as functions of uniform strain amplitude. Although the G′(γ) and modified G″(γ) models apply to a wide range of experimental strains, some uncertainties associated with each model's accuracy remain, and there are inconsistencies in the relation of one model to the other. Reservations associated with the models might be resolved through refined treatments of the test specimen geometries.

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Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Precipitated Silica Filled Rubber: Influence of Morphology and Coupling Agent

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3547730 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 145-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Laurence Ladouce-Stelandre ◽

Yves Bomal ◽

Lionel Flandin ◽

Dominique Labarre

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽

Mathematical Treatment ◽

Interface Agents ◽

Payne Effect ◽

Dynamic Mechanical ◽

Precipitated Silica ◽

Vulcanized Rubber ◽

Filled Rubber ◽

Help Giving

Abstract Composites that incorporate precipitated silica into a vulcanized rubber were investigated for dynamic mechanical properties. Comparing different types of filler, it was found that the mean distance between particles did not alter Payne effect. On the contrary, the amount and morphology of the fillers played a major role on the macroscopic properties. The nature and amount of coupling or covering agents was also found to be an important parameter. A direct relationship between length and efficiency of interface agents was evidenced: longer silanes were more effective than shorter once independently from a covalent bounding to rubber. The set of studied parameters affecting Payne effect can be reduced to only two independents variables: the total amount of silica-rubber interface (a function of the amount of filler and its BET surface) and the quantity and nature of interface agent. From these data an attempt to relate the rubber to filler cohesion to Payne effect is proposed as well as a molecular mechanism derived from Maier and Göritz model. A mathematical treatment of the proposed mechanisms is currently being investigated that might help giving further insights on novel ways to further reduce Payne effect.

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