Uncoupling of growth and cytological development in egg follicles ofHeteropeza pygmaea (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren� Camenzind ◽  
Dirk Frederik Went
Keyword(s):  
Egg Follicles

Studies on ovarian development in tsetse flies (Glossina, Diptera)

Parasitology ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 545-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The State ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Pupal Development ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
The Right ◽  
Egg Follicles

Five species of Glossina (G. morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. austeni, G. brevipalpis and G. palpalis) have ovaries containing two polytrophic ovarioles, each of which contains a single egg follicle. In all these species the right ovary is more highly developed than the left at emergence. This type of ovary is probably common to all species of Glossina.The development of the egg follicles in G. morsitans pupae is described. It is shown that the cycle of development whereby eggs are produced alternately from right and left ovaries is established during pupal development and that some yolk deposition has occurred in follicle A (right ovary) and follicle C (left ovary) before the fly emerges from the puparium.In G. morsitans, it is shown that the size of the egg follicles in newly emerged flies is correlated with the size (R.D.W.) of the fly, larger females having more yolk laid down in their follicles before emergence. This is probably correlated with the state of reserves in the fat body. It is also shown that there is a seasonal variation in follicle size in newly emerged flies, this variation is probably correlated with variations in temperature acting upon wild females during pregnancy and upon the pupae, as temperature is known to affect both size and fat content of wild tsetse flies.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and pathology of naturally infected Salmonellosis in poultry with isolation and identification of causal agents

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Ahmed ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
MG Haider ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Dead Bird ◽  
Focal Necrosis ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Leukocytic Infiltration ◽  
Egg Follicles

The present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of Salmonella infections in poultry. This study covered cultural prevalence with isolation and identification of the causal agent and pathological lesions in different organs produced by Salmonella in layer farms of Mymensingh district during July-December 2007. The materials were blood samples, liver and cloacal swabs from live and dead birds. The used methods were whole blood agglutination test by commercially available Salmonella antigen kit, culture in different media, Gram's staining, motility test, basic 5 sugar fermentation test and histopathology. The overall seroprevalence was 45.9% in live bird and the rate of seroprevalence decreased with advancement of age of birds. The cultural prevalence in seropositive group was 71% and in seronegative group was 59%. In dead bird, the cultural prevalence in liver was 64% and from cloaca 57%. A total 160 isolates were characterized, among them 64.2% were Salmonella Pullorum, 22.3% were Salmonella Gallinarum and 13.5% were Paratyphoid group of Salmonellae. Pathologically friable, bronze color liver with focal necrosis, various grades of enteritis, and hemorrhagic and congested egg follicles with stalk formation were found. Microscopically, focal necrosis and degeneration with leukocytic infiltration in liver, inflammatory cells in the mucosa and submucosa of intestine were found. In egg follicles, congestion and hemorrhages with leukocytic infiltration were found. The isolated Salmonella organisms may be used for further research such as serotyping, vaccine production and antibiotic sensitivity test. Keywords: Salmonellosis; Seroprevalence; Agglutination test; Histopathology; Poultry DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4830 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 327-334, 2008

scholarly journals XXV. Notes on the generative organs, and on the formation of the egg in the annulosa

1861 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 595-627 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Plate Xvii ◽  
Egg Follicles ◽  
Generative Organs

Through the labours of Brandt, Fabre, Newport, Stein, Treviranus, and other eminent naturalists, we are tolerably well acquainted with the anatomy of the generative organs in the Myriapods; but these observers have occupied themselves principally with the arrangement and forms of the organs, and have not paid much attention to the different stages of egg-development, nor to the relation in which the young egg stands with reference to the surrounding tissues. This relation is indeed very curious, and seems to have been generally misunderstood. It is well known that the Myriapods have not long egg-tubes, as is the case with most insects, but that each egg arises in a separate follicle. It was, however, natural to suppose that this follicle held the same position with reference to the ovary as the very similar egg-follicles of certain insects, as, for instance, of Coccus . This, however, is by no means the case. In Plate XVII. fig. B, I have given a diagrammatic section of the ovary of Coccus , with a single egg-follicle ( a ), the vitelligenous cells being represented at b , and the Purkinjean vesicle at c . If, now, we compare with this a similar diagram of the ovary in Glomeris (Plate XVII. fig. A), also with a single egg-follicle, we shall see that this latter is very much alike in both cases—the shape of the egg-follicle ( a ), the Purkinjean vesicle ( c ), and the vitelligenous bodies ( v ) being very similar; but whereas in Coccus and in all insects the egg-follicle projects from the ovary, in Glomeris and the other Myriapods, so far as my observations go, the follicle projects into the ovary. If, therefore, we consider the ovary as consisting of an outer membrane ( d ) and an inner epithelial layer ( e ), it would appear that while the egg in the Myriapods arises between these two layers, in the insects it originates on the inner side of both.

Feeding and associated behaviour of the adult cabbage root fly Erioischia brassicae (Bch.) (Dipt, Anthomyiidae) under laboratory conditions

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Finch
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Size ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Cabbage Root Fly ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Egg Maturation ◽  
Sufficient Food ◽  
Egg Follicles ◽  
Second Peak

AbstractAdults of the cabbage root fly (Erioischia brassicae (Bch.)) reared in culture were inactive on the day of emergence but they fed on carbohydrate (sucrose) and protein (Yeastrel) on day 2. Without food, the egg follicles increased to approximately one-third of their maximum size and were then resorbed. When food was available, females ingested sucrose on days 2 and 3 to mature the first batch of eggs, without any stimulus from mating. Without either a mate or a suitable oviposition site, females retained most of their eggs. Females obtained sufficient food for egg maturation by day 4, when their egg follicles were 400 μm, approximately half the size of the mature eggs. Only females mating on day 4 laid eggs at the expected time 6±0·3 days after emergence. With a suitable oviposition site, these females laid 299±48 eggs, approximately twice as many as any other females, and ten times as many viable eggs. When males were not allowed to mate, peak ingestion was delayed from days 8–12 to days 14–18. Mated females provided with an oviposition site laid most eggs on days 5 and 6 and fed again on day 7. This second peak of feeding was delayed until day 9 when mated females were denied, or unmated females were given, an oviposition site. Similar volumes of sucrose were imbibed by females whether they laid or retained their eggs. Females denied both a mate and a suitable oviposition site laid less than 1% of the expected eggs.

scholarly journals Distribution of yolk polypeptides in the follicle cells during the differentiation of the follicular epithelium in Sarcophaga bullata egg follicles

Development ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
J. Geysen ◽  
J. Cardoen ◽  
A. De Loof
Keyword(s):  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Follicle Cell ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Current Pattern ◽  
Sarcophaga Bullata ◽  
Polypeptide Synthesis ◽  
Egg Follicles

In S. bullata, the ovaries contribute to the synthesis of yolk polypeptides. A specific antiserum for yolk polypeptides was used to visualize the presence of yolk polypeptides in the follicle cells during their differentiation. After vitellogenesis has started, all follicle cells contain yolk polypeptides. The squamous follicle cells covering the nurse cells and the border cells lose yolk polypeptides before mid-vitellogenesis, whereas the follicle cells over the oocyte contain yolk polypeptides until after late vitellogenesis. All follicle cells are immunonegative afterwards. In vitro translation of poly(A)+ RNA demonstrated that the presence of yolk polypeptide mRNA correlates well with follicle cell immunopositivity for yolk polypeptides. This suggests that the follicle cells synthesize the ovarian yolk polypeptides. Differences in cellular and nuclear morphology, total and poly(A)+ RNA synthesis and the rate of yolk polypeptide synthesis were shown to be correlated with the presence or absence of yolk polypeptides in the differentiating follicular epithelium. The possible relationship between these different aspects of follicle cell differentiation, follicle cell polyploidy and the extracellular current pattern around follicles are discussed.

scholarly journals Salmonellosis in layer chickens: pathological features and isolation of bacteria from ovaries and inner content of laid eggs

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Saha ◽  
M A Sufian ◽  
M I Hossain ◽  
M M Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Dead Layer ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Visceral Organs ◽  
Leukocytic Infiltration ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum ◽  
Egg Follicles

We isolated and identified Salmonella organisms from ovaries of dead layer birds and from inner content of laid eggs of different poultry farms. The thirty eight ovarian swabs for bacteriology, visceral organs (liver, lung, spleen, egg follicles and intestine) of 38 dead birds for pathological study from 15 layer farms and 45 laid eggs (5 eggs/farm) from reported 9 Salmonella infected farms constituted samples of the study. Samples were subjected to isolation and identification of the causal agent followed by gross and histopathological study of the affected visceral organs. Seventeen of 38 ovarian swabs (44.7%) were Salmonella positive. The percentage of Salmonella Gallinarum, Salmonella Pullorum and paratyphoid causing Salmonella were 70.6%, 17.6% & 11.8%, respectively. About 53% livers of Salmonella affected birds were enlarged, congested, friable and bronze coloured with white necrotic foci. About 59% egg follicles were congested, hemorrhagic, discoloured with stalk formation and 70.6% intestines showed hemorrhagic to catarrhal enteritis. At histopathology, 76.5% livers were congested with formation of multifocal nodules and 82.4% egg follicles were congested with huge leukocytic infiltration. Infiltration of heterophils in intestinal mucosa was found in 47.1% cases. Four Salmonella isolates were found from 9 laid egg samples (5 eggs content comprised as 1 sample) and isolation rate was 44.4% reporting transovarian transmission in poultry Salmonellosis.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12095   J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 61–67, 2012  

scholarly journals Prevalence of Salmonella infection in naturally infected layer of birds in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Rahman ◽  
ABM Shahinuzzaman ◽  
AK Saha ◽  
MA Sufian ◽  
MH Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cloacal Swab ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Leukocytic Infiltration ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum ◽  
Egg Follicles

The seroprevalence, cultural prevalence and pathological study of Salmonella infections in chickens of selected layer farms of Birgonj Upazila (Sub-district), Dinajpur were determined. A total of 175 blood samples were tested randomly by locally prepared Salmonella coloured antigen for seroprevalence study. Out of 96 cloacal swabs, 80 samples from live birds (36 from seropositive and 44 from seronegative) and 16 samples from dead birds were collected to determine the cultural prevalence of Salmonella organisms. Postmortem examination was done in 16 dead birds. Using whole blood agglutination test (WBA) with locally prepared Salmonella Pullorum coloured antigen, the overall seropositive prevalence was 46.2%. The seroprevalence decreased with age of birds. The cultural prevalence in seropositive was 33.3% and in seronegative 22.7%. In dead birds, the cultural prevalence using cloacal swab was 25%. A total 26 Salmonella were isolated, 27% Salmonella Pullorum, 58% Salmonella Gallinarum and 15% paratyphoid group of Salmonella. Isolation rate of Salmonella from cloacal swabs was significantly higher in seropositive than seronegative group. Grossly, the livers were friable, with bronze discolouration and necrotic foci, there was severe congestion in the lung, congested haemorrhagic egg follicles with stalk formation and enlarged discoloured spleen. Microscopically, there was focal necrosis and degeneration with leukocytic infiltration in liver, congestion and pneumonic lesions in the lung and various degrees of catarrhal to haemorrhagic enteritis in the intestine. In the egg follicles, congestion and haemorrhage with leukocytic infiltration and enlarged spleen with white necrotic foci were detected. In future, isolated Salmonella organisms may be used for vaccine production, serotyping and antibiotic sensitivity test. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v28i1.8809   Bangl. vet. 2011. Vol. 28, No. 1, 8-18

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