Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on local tissue blood flow in a graft of small intestine intended for esophagoplasty

1981 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-438
Author(s):  
L. I. Vinnitskii ◽  
L. I. Pyuskyulyan ◽  
I. L. Zhidkov ◽  
E. A. Demurov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygenation ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Local Tissue

Antihistamines and vascular reactivity

1965 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burton M. Altura ◽  
Benjamin W. Zweifach
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Vascular Homeostasis ◽  
Local Tissue ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Direct Microscopic Observation

The purpose of the present set of experiments was to determine the contribution of the dilator principle, histamine, to peripheral vascular homeostasis. This was done by means of direct microscopic observation of the mesocecal microcirculation through the use of antihistamines. These drugs were found not only to produce a contraction of the microvessels but also to increase the responsiveness to topically applied cate-cholamines and antihistamines as well. The evidence does not preclude the possibility that histamine is a naturally occurring regulator of local tissue blood flow; but on the other hand, one cannot with any confidence accept this possibility.

scholarly journals Mechanisms for the control of local tissue blood flow during thermal interventions: influence of temperature-dependent ATP release from human blood and endothelial cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kameljit K. Kalsi ◽  
Scott T. Chiesa ◽  
Steven J. Trangmar ◽  
Leena Ali ◽  
Makrand D. Lotlikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Local Tissue

Glucagon-like peptide-2 acutely increases proximal small intestinal blood flow in TPN-fed neonatal piglets

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (2) ◽  
pp. R283-R289 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stephens ◽  
Barbara Stoll ◽  
Jeremy Cottrell ◽  
Xiaoyan Chang ◽  
Michael Helmrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Small Intestinal

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a gut hormone that is secreted in response to enteral feeding and stimulates small intestinal mucosal growth. We have previously shown that GLP-2 infusion acutely increases portal venous blood flow in TPN-fed piglets. The aim of this study was to localize the vasoactive effect of GLP-2 within the gastrointestinal tissues and other visceral organs in TPN-fed piglets. Tissue blood flow rates were quantified using fluorescent microsphere deposition in anesthetized TPN-fed piglets given intravenous infusion of GLP-2 at either 500 pmol·kg−1·h−1 (low GLP-2, n = 7 pigs) or 2,000 pmol·kg−1·h−1 (high GLP-2, n = 8 pigs) for 2 h. Compared with baseline, the low and the high GLP-2 treatment significantly increased the blood flow rate in the duodenum (+77%) and jejunum (+40% and 80%), respectively, but blood flow to the distal small intestine and colon (−15%) was unchanged or slightly decreased. Baseline mucosal blood flow was five-fold higher than serosal blood flow; however, high GLP-2 treatment increased serosal (+140%) to a larger degree than mucosal blood flow (+73%). The high GLP-2 dose increased pancreatic flow (+34%) but decreased blood flow in the kidneys (−14%) and stomach (−12%), whereas the spleen and brain were unaffected. These findings suggest that the acute GLP-2-mediated stimulation of portal blood flow in TPN-fed piglets occurs principally via increased blood flow through the superior mesenteric artery to the proximal small intestine, a tissue region where the GLP-2R mRNA abundance and trophic GLP-2 effects are greatest.

Relation between small intestinal motility and circulation

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. G1-G15 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Walus ◽  
E. D. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Total Blood

Effects of muscular activity on local blood flow have been delineated in other muscular organs but are part of a complex relationship in the small intestine. Some of our inability to provide a clear picture of the circulatory events surrounding intestinal motility relates to the variety of imprecise techniques that have been used to explore the relationship. Distension of the gut impedes blood flow through the intestinal wall, especially in the mucosa. Stimulation of motility evokes more variable responses in the intestinal circulation, including increases in blood flow; however, the circulatory response reflects mostly the nature of the intervention used to activate motility. Many motor stimuli in the gut have intrinsic vasoactive properties. Spontaneous motor events seem to have only small effects on total blood flow to the small intestine. Reduction in blood flow to the gut evokes initial increases in motility followed by inhibition of motor activity. Products of metabolism in the intestine influence both motor and vascular reactivity. More sensitive methods need to be developed to separate the types of intestinal motor activity, to localize mechanical events in specific sites in the wall of the gut, to better record electrical correlates of motility, and to measure local tissue blood flow. These technical developments will permit delineation of the linkage between motor and vascular events and should identify the regulatory factors.

EFFECTS OF SEVERE HEMORRHAGE ON IN VIVO BRAIN AND SMALL INTESTINE MITOCHONDRIAL NADH AND MICROCIRCULATORY BLOOD FLOW

2008 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRA M. MANDELBAUM ◽  
EFRAT BARBIRO-MICHAELY ◽  
MICHAEL TOLMASOV ◽  
AVRAHAM MAYEVSKY
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Group 1

Severe body stress induced by hypoxemia and hypotension may lead to total body energy state deterioration. The perfusion of the most vital organs is maintained at the expense of "less vital" organs. In the present study, we used a multi-site multi-parametric (MSMP) monitoring system for real-time evaluation of tissue blood flow (TBF) and mitochondrial NADH fluorescence of the brain and the small intestine following hemorrhage. In Group 1, uncontrolled hemorrhage, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was decreased to 40 mmHg within 2 minutes and shed blood was re-infused after 30 minutes. In Group 2, controlled hemorrhage, during the 30 minutes of hemorrhage, MAP was kept at 40 mmHg. During hemorrhage, in both groups, the intestinal TBF and NADH deteriorated, while the brain remained relatively well protected. In Group 1, all parameters partly recovered within the hemorrhage phase, while in Group 2, complete recovery occurred only after resuscitation. At the end of the experiment, both models showed a decrease in intestinal viability (TBF decreased, NADH increased), while the brain metabolic state in Group 2 declined slightly. Our unique multi-parametric monitoring device demonstrated that, under hemorrhage, the small intestine responded entirely differently from the brain. This may suggest the potential usefulness of the monitoring of less vital organs, as proxy organs, in critical conditions such as massive hemorrhage. The present study also highlights the importance of mitochondrial function monitoring in similar conditions in the clinical environment.

MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD FLOW WITH FREELY DIFFUSIBLE INDICATORS AS INERT GASES, ANTIPYRINE, LABELLED WATER AND RUBIDIUM

1972 ◽  
Vol 68 (2_Supplb) ◽  
pp. S95-S111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels A. Lassen ◽  
Ole Andrée Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Capillary Wall ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Measurement

ABSTRACT Indicators which freely cross the capillary wall can be used for measurement of tissue blood flow in many different ways. Basically one can distinguish two categories of methods, viz. the ones where the indicator enters the tissue via the inflowing blood and the ones where the indicator is deposited locally in the tissue. The most important methods are briefly described with special emphasis on the theory of blood flow measurement.

Blood flow and high-energy phosphates in microregions of left ventricular subendocardium

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (5) ◽  
pp. H804-H810 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Kleinert ◽  
H. R. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
High Energy Phosphates ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution

Blood flow and high-energy phosphate (HEP) content were determined simultaneously in multiple microregions of left ventricular subendocardium in 29 normal anesthetized open-chest rabbits by use of a new micromethod to determine whether a direct linear relationship existed between these parameters. Tissue samples weighed 1-2 mg. ATP and creatine phosphate (CP) content were quantitated in quick-frozen hearts by fluorometry at sites where tissue perfusion was measured by H2 clearance by use of bare-tipped platinum electrodes. A series of validation studies were conducted to ensure that 1) no significant damage to the tissue surrounding the electrode occurred during the period of experimentation and 2) no significant loss of biochemical constituents had occurred due to labile processes during freezing or storage of the tissue. Blood flow, ATP, and CP values averaged 79.1 +/- 24.1 (SD) ml.min-1.100 g-1, 4.9 +/- 1.3 mumol/g tissue, and 8.0 +/- 3.0 mumol/g tissue, respectively, and are similar to those reported in studies using larger tissue samples. Correlation between the heterogeneous distribution of tissue perfusion and HEP revealed no direct linear relationship between these parameters in the normal unstressed rabbit subendocardium.

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