Effect of phentolamine on coronary vascular resistance and heart rate

1987 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1424-1426
Author(s):  
M. S. Tverskaya ◽  
G. I. Kositskii
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Coronary Vascular Resistance

The Effect of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde on the Metabolism and Vascular Resistance of the Perfused Heart

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gailis ◽  
M. Verdy
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Anaerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Coronary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Coronary Resistance ◽  
Perfused Heart ◽  
Perfused Rat Heart ◽  
Ethanol Ethanol

The effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the perfused nonworking rat and guinea pig hearts was studied. Ethanol (100 mM) initially increased the coronary vascular resistance, but had no appreciable effect on oxygen consumption, glucose-U-14C oxidation, or anaerobic glycolysis. Acetaldehyde (1 mM) increased the heart rate and oxygen consumption, and decreased the coronary vascular resistance. The decrease in coronary resistance was not affected by propranolol but the increase in heart rate was partially blocked. The loss of amino acids or aspartate transminase activity from the heart was not affected by the presence of ethanol. Ethanol-1-14C, either at 10 or 100 mM, was not oxidized by the perfused rat heart.

Catapres (ST-155)-induced changes in coronary vascular resistance

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Nayler ◽  
I. McInnes ◽  
J. Stone ◽  
V. Carson ◽  
T. E. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Coronary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Induced Changes

Hypotensive and Regional Haemodynamic Effects of Exercise, Fasted and after Food, in Human Sympathetic Denervation

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmini Puvi-Rajasingham ◽  
Gareth D. P. Smith ◽  
Adeola Akinola ◽  
Christopher J. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Autonomic Failure ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Stroke Distance

1. In human sympathetic denervation due to primary autonomic failure, food and exercise in combination may produce a cumulative blood pressure lowering effect due to simultaneous splanchnic and skeletal muscle dilatation unopposed by corrective cardiovascular reflexes. We studied 12 patients with autonomic failure during and after 9 min of supine exercise, when fasted and after a liquid meal. Standing blood pressure was also measured before and after exercise. 2. When fasted, blood pressure fell during exercise from 162 ± 7/92 ± 4 to 129 ± 9/70 ± 5 mmHg (mean arterial pressure by 22 ± 5%), P < 0.0005. After the meal, blood pressure fell from 159 ± 8/88 ± 6 to 129 ± 6/70 ± 4 mmHg (mean arterial pressure by 22 ± 3%), P < 0.0001, and further during exercise to 123 ± 6/61 ± 3 mmHg (mean arterial pressure by 9 ± 3%), P < 0.01. The stroke distance—heart rate product, an index of cardiac output, did not change after the meal. During exercise, changes in the stroke distance—heart rate product were greater when fasted. 3. Resting forearm and calf vascular resistance were higher when fasted. Calf vascular resistance fell further after exercise when fasted. Resting superior mesenteric artery vascular resistance was lower when fed; 0.19 ± 0.02 compared with 032 ± 0.06, P < 0.05. After exercise, superior mesenteric artery vascular resistance had risen by 82%, to 0.53 ± 0.12, P < 0.05 (fasted) and by 47%, to 0.29 ± 0.05, P < 0.05 (fed). 4. On standing, absolute levels of blood pressure were higher when fasted [83 ± 7/52 ± 7 compared with 71 ± 2/41 ± 3 (fed), each P < 0.05]. Subjects were more symptomatic on standing post-exercise when fed. 5. In human sympathetic denervation, exercise in the fed state lowered blood pressure further than when fasted and worsened symptoms of postural hypotension.

Effects of contrast media on coronary vascular resistance during coronary arteriography in dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 394 (S1) ◽  
pp. R16-R16
Author(s):  
R. Schräder ◽  
D. Baller ◽  
A. Hoeft ◽  
H. Korb ◽  
Ph. A. Schnabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Coronary Arteriography ◽  
Coronary Vascular Resistance

scholarly journals The effect of coronary inflow pressure on coronary vascular resistance in the isolated dog heart.

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
F L Hanley ◽  
L M Messina ◽  
M T Grattan ◽  
I E Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Coronary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Dog Heart ◽  
Isolated Dog Heart

Regional blood volume distribution during positive and negative airway pressure breathing in supine humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1740-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peters ◽  
B. Hecker ◽  
D. Neuser ◽  
W. Schaden
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Calf Blood Flow ◽  
Negative Airway Pressure

To assess the effects of continuous positive (CPAP) or negative airway pressure (CNAP) breathing (+/- 10#x2013;12 cmH2O, duration 25 min) on blood content in the body's capacitance vasculature, regional distribution of labeled red blood cells was evaluated in seven spontaneously breathing supine volunteers. Counts were acquired by whole body scans and detectors overlying the liver, intestine, left ventricle, and lower arm, and arterial pressure, heart rate, calf blood flow and vascular resistance, hematocrit, vasopressin, and atrial natriuretic peptide plasma concentrations were also obtained. With CPAP, thoracic, cardiac, and left ventricular counts diminished significantly by 7#x2013;10%, were accompanied by significant increases in counts over both the gut and liver, and remained decreased during CPAP but reversed to baseline with zero airway pressure. Calf blood flow and vascular resistance significantly decreased and increased, respectively, whereas limb counts, arterial pressure, heart rate, and hormone concentrations remained unchanged. With CNAP, in contrast, regional counts and other variables did not change. Thus, moderate levels of CPAP deplete the intrathoracic vascular bed and heart, shifting blood toward the gut and liver but not toward the limbs. No short-term compensation increasing cardiac filling during CPAP was seen. In contrast, CNAP did not alter intrathoracic or organ blood content and, therefore, does not simply mirror the effects evoked by CPAP.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Control of Coronary Vascular Resistance by Eicosanoids via a Novel GPCR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Alkayed ◽  
Zhiping Cao ◽  
Zu Yuan Qian ◽  
Shanthi Nagarajan ◽  
Carmen Methner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Coronary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Acid Metabolites ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract Arachidonic acid metabolites epoxyeicosatrienoates (EETs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETEs) are important regulators of myocardial blood flow and coronary vascular resistance (CVR), but their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. We identified G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39) as a microvascular smooth muscle cell (mVSMC) receptor antagonistically regulated by two endogenous eicosanoids: 15-HETE, which stimulates GPR39 to increase mVSMC intracellular calcium and augment microvascular CVR, and 14,15-EET, which inhibits these actions. Furthermore, zinc ion acts as an allosteric modulator of GPR39 to potentiate the efficacy of the two ligands. Finally, GPR39 knockout mice are protected from myocardial ischemia compared to wild-type littermates. Our findings will have a major impact on understanding the roles of eicosanoids in cardiovascular physiology and disease, and provide an opportunity for the development of novel GPR39-targeting therapies for cardiovascular disease. One Sentence Summary: GPR39 is a microvascular smooth muscle cell receptor regulated by two vasoactive eicosanoids with opposing actions.

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