Blocking the action of cholera enterotoxin on adenlyate cyclase and the cyclic AMP concentration in rabbit small intestinal mucosal cells with sodium 2,3-dithiopropanesulfate

1981 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1358-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Yuriv ◽  
V. I. Melikhov
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Cholera Enterotoxin ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Demonstration of methionine synthetase in intestinal mucosal cells of the rat

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Keating ◽  
D. G. Weir ◽  
J. M. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Crypt Cell ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Rat Duodenum ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells ◽  
Crypt Cells

1. Methionine synthetase was measured in the mucosal cells of the rat duodenum, jejunum and ileum by a previously employed method for mucosal cell isolation. No activity was found in these cells. 2. When a dual buffer system for the isolation of villous and crypt cell population was substituted, however, methionine synthetase was found to be active in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, both in the villous and crypt cell populations. The activity was significantly higher in the crypt cells than in the villous cells throughout the intestine, and higher levels were found in the ileum than in the duodenum or jejunum. 3. As had been previously reported for the rat liver, nitrous oxide in vivo reduced the enzyme activity in both the villous and crypt cell populations, suggesting a role in vivo for the enzyme. We conclude that methionine synthetase is both present and active in the small intestinal mucosal cells of the rat.

Localization of HLA and IA Antigens and β2 Microglobulins in Human Small Intestinal Mucosal Cells

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 69P-69P
Author(s):  
C. O'Morain ◽  
F. Ameglio ◽  
R. Tosi ◽  
S. Auricchio ◽  
S. Cucchiara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ia Antigens ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

scholarly journals A bone marrow stromal-derived growth factor, interleukin-11, stimulates recovery of small intestinal mucosal cells after cytoablative therapy

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
XX Du ◽  
CM Doerschuk ◽  
A Orazi ◽  
DA Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Nuclear Antigens ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Interleukin 11 ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

The proliferation of epithelial cells lining the small intestinal mucosa may be regulated by microenvironmental signals leading to differentiation of precursor cells in the small intestinal crypts. Proliferation of hematopoietic cells within the hematopoietic microenvironment is known to be regulated by a growing number of glycoprotein growth factors in a hierarchial fashion. We studied the effects of administration of the microenvironment-derived hematopoietic growth factor interleukin-11 (IL-11) on mice given combination radiation/chemotherapy. Treatment of such mice with IL-11 led to significantly increased survival and evidence of rapid recovery of the small intestinal mucosa, which is severely damaged by these cytoxic agents. This recovery was associated with an increase in the mitotic index of crypt cells and an increased frequency of staining of these cells with a monoclonal antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a member of the cyclin family of nuclear antigens.

scholarly journals A bone marrow stromal-derived growth factor, interleukin-11, stimulates recovery of small intestinal mucosal cells after cytoablative therapy

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
XX Du ◽  
CM Doerschuk ◽  
A Orazi ◽  
DA Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Nuclear Antigens ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Interleukin 11 ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Abstract The proliferation of epithelial cells lining the small intestinal mucosa may be regulated by microenvironmental signals leading to differentiation of precursor cells in the small intestinal crypts. Proliferation of hematopoietic cells within the hematopoietic microenvironment is known to be regulated by a growing number of glycoprotein growth factors in a hierarchial fashion. We studied the effects of administration of the microenvironment-derived hematopoietic growth factor interleukin-11 (IL-11) on mice given combination radiation/chemotherapy. Treatment of such mice with IL-11 led to significantly increased survival and evidence of rapid recovery of the small intestinal mucosa, which is severely damaged by these cytoxic agents. This recovery was associated with an increase in the mitotic index of crypt cells and an increased frequency of staining of these cells with a monoclonal antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a member of the cyclin family of nuclear antigens.

Bacterial-Mucosal Cell Junctional Complexes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Roger C. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Mucosal Lining ◽  
Degenerative Alterations ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Bacteria exhibit the ability to adhere to the apical surfaces of intestinal mucosal cells. These attachments either precede invasion of the intestinal wall by the bacteria with accompanying inflammation and degeneration of the mucosa or represent permanent anchoring sites where the bacteria never totally penetrate the mucosal cells.Endemic gram negative bacteria were found attached to the surface of mucosal cells lining the walls of crypts in the rat colon. The bacteria did not intrude deeper than 0.5 urn into the mucosal cells and no degenerative alterations were detectable in the mucosal lining.

Fine Structural Localization of Acyltransferases Involved in Lipid Synthesis in Intestinal Mucosa.

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
R. J. Barrnett ◽  
J. A. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Structural Localization ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Sh Group ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

The main products of intestinal hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides are free fatty acids and monoglycerides. These form micelles from which the lipids are absorbed across the mucosal cell brush border. Biochemical studies have indicated that intestinal mucosal cells possess a triglyceride synthesising system, which uses monoglyceride directly as an acylacceptor as well as the system found in other tissues in which alphaglycerophosphate is the acylacceptor. The former pathway is used preferentially for the resynthesis of triglyceride from absorbed lipid, while the latter is used mainly for phospholipid synthesis. Both lipids are incorporated into chylomicrons. Morphological studies have shown that during fat absorption there is an initial appearance of fat droplets within the cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and that these subsequently accumulate in the golgi elements from which they are released at the lateral borders of the cell as chylomicrons.We have recently developed several methods for the fine structural localization of acyltransferases dependent on the precipitation, in an electron dense form, of CoA released during the transfer of the acyl group to an acceptor, and have now applied these methods to a study of the fine structural localization of the enzymes involved in chylomicron lipid biosynthesis. These methods are based on the reduction of ferricyanide ions by the free SH group of CoA.

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