Digital printers with primary induction converter

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1611-1614
Author(s):  
O. A. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Primary Induction ◽  
Induction Converter

scholarly journals NUP-98 Rearrangements Led to the Identification of Candidate Biomarkers for Primary Induction Failure in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4575
Author(s):  
Vincenza Barresi ◽  
Virginia Di Bella ◽  
Nellina Andriano ◽  
Anna Provvidenza Privitera ◽  
Paola Bonaccorso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Expression Arrays ◽  
Primary Induction ◽  
Induction Failure ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Conventional chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia regimens generally encompass an intensive induction phase, in order to achieve a morphological remission in terms of bone marrow blasts (<5%). The majority of cases are classified as Primary Induction Response (PIR); unfortunately, 15% of children do not achieve remission and are defined Primary Induction Failure (PIF). This study aims to characterize the gene expression profile of PIF in children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), in order to detect molecular pathways dysfunctions and identify potential biomarkers. Given that NUP98-rearrangements are enriched in PIF-AML patients, we investigated the association of NUP98-driven genes in primary chemoresistance. Therefore, 85 expression arrays, deposited on GEO database, and 358 RNAseq AML samples, from TARGET program, were analyzed for “Differentially Expressed Genes” (DEGs) between NUP98+ and NUP98-, identifying 110 highly confident NUP98/PIF-associated DEGs. We confirmed, by qRT-PCR, the overexpression of nine DEGs, selected on the bases of the diagnostic accuracy, in a local cohort of PIF patients: SPINK2, TMA7, SPCS2, CDCP1, CAPZA1, FGFR1OP2, MAN1A2, NT5C3A and SRP54. In conclusion, the integrated analysis of NUP98 mutational analysis and transcriptome profiles allowed the identification of novel putative biomarkers for the prediction of PIF in AML.

scholarly journals Decitabine as salvage therapy for primary induction failure of acute myeloid leukemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1120-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Niscola ◽  
Benedetta Neri ◽  
Gianfranco Catalano ◽  
Luciana Morino ◽  
Marco Giovannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Salvage Therapy ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Primary Induction ◽  
Induction Failure ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Calibration of LgrassFlo, a new model of perennial grass phenology in response to temperature and photoperiod.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rouet ◽  
Jean-Louis Durand ◽  
Didier Combes ◽  
Abraham Escobar-Gutierrez ◽  
Romain Barillot
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Floral Transition ◽  
New Model ◽  
Primary Induction

&lt;p&gt;In perennial grasses, the reproductive development encompasses several phenological events, such as apex induction, floral transition, heading and flowering, that deeply affect biomass production, forage quality and plant perenniality. Despite the importance of perennial grasses in agricultural systems and natural ecosystems, we still lack accurate models predicting the reproductive development and its consequences on plant growth and grassland management. Most of available models implements a fixed scheduling of the reproductive development expressed either in thermal time or in calendar time. The progressive completion of floral induction and the effects of environmental factors are generally poorly described. In addition, the vegetative and reproductive developments are represented as independent and successive phases. In the present work, we introduce the new model LgrassFlo, which simulates the reproductive development of perennial grasses in interaction with plant vegetative development and considering the effects of environmental conditions on floral induction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;LgrassFlo simulates the canopy as the dynamics of a collection of individual plants, each being composed of one or more tillers. The 3D description of leaf growth and tillering is based on a functional-structural plant model of perennial ryegrass (Lgrass). We developed a new model of floral induction describing the progression of the primary and secondary induction of each apex of the plant according to (i) the daily temperature, (ii) photoperiod and (iii) plant architecture. This model was coupled to Lgrass, the model ensemble being called LgrassFlo. During apex induction, LgrassFlo accounts for an increase in the rates of leaf primordia initiation and leaf elongation. After floral transition, we assume that the apex only initiates spikelet primordia and that internodes start to elongate. LgrassFlo simulates the date of floral transition, the final number of leaves and the heading date based on a 3D representation of plant architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A specific experiment was carried out in order to calibrate LgrassFlo on data describing the vegetative and reproductive development of three &lt;em&gt;Lolium perenne&lt;/em&gt; cultivars contrasted for their precocity and exposed to four inductive conditions in growth chambers. The first three conditions consisted in a period allowing for primary induction (low temperature &amp;#8211; short day) followed by a period allowing for secondary induction (high temperature &amp;#8211; long day), the two periods being spaced by a non-inductive period (high temperature - short day) of 0, 3 or 6 weeks. In the fourth condition, plants were not exposed to conditions allowing for the primary induction. A set of vegetative and reproductive parameters were estimated for each individual plant of the experiment. The parameter values were independent of the experimental treatment but showed a large genetic diversity both between and within varieties. Using this calibration, LgrassFlo satisfactorily predicted the observed diversity in final leaf number and heading date.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The present model is a step forward towards a better prediction of perennial grass phenology in actual and future climatic conditions. In this respect, the model is being currently used to simulate the observed genetic diversity in the heading date of several Lolium perenne cultivars grown in contrasted temperate climates over the last 15 years.&lt;/p&gt;

The Two-gradient Hypothesis in Primary Induction. The Combined Effect of Two Types of Inductors Mixed in Different Ratios

Development ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-533
Author(s):  
Lauri Saxén ◽  
Sulo Toivonen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Recent Experimental Data ◽  
Embryonic Induction ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Induction Process ◽  
Continue Research ◽  
Primary Induction

On the basis of certain earlier suggestions made by Lehmann (1950) and Yamada (1950), together with our own experimental data, a modification of the two-gradient hypothesis of primary induction was presented by us some years ago (Toivonen & Saxén, 1955). Subsequently, this theory has often been referred to, accepted or criticized, and even misunderstood. There may thus be reasons for discussing it in the light of some recent experimental data. At present there are limits to our opportunities of studying what is obviously the most important point in embryonic induction, the induction process itself. Simultaneously with such experiments on the induction process it is therefore necessary to continue research work on classical lines, and to obtain a further clarification of the causal relationships between the inductor and its morphogenetic action. A variety of qualitative investigations in this category have been made, but conceptions of the different quantities and the ratios of the active agents which participate in the primary induction are still based on indirect data.

Example: Early Pattern Formation in Amphibia

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Stewart Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Causal Processes ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Primary Induction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
Early Phases

The Amphibia has been one of the most important animal groups for the study of developmental biology, and a huge descriptive and experimental literature has accumulated over the years. While sea urchins, molluscs, and nematodes, and more recently, Drosophila, have each become an important vehicle for the study of different aspects of development, the Amphibia and chordates in general have been especially important as the vehicle for the study of inductive regulative mechanisms. The early development of all chordates is marked by two revolutions in the control of early pattern formation: dorsalization at the blastula stage and gastrulation—primary induction caused by the “organizer” —which was studied in great detail in Amphibia by Spemann and his coworkers and continues to be the subject of intense scrutiny. The early phases of development in Amphibia exemplify rather well some of the problems in discovering the causal processes in development, whether in the egg, at fertilization, in the blastula, or in gastrulation itself. The short discussion of early development in Amphibia that follows is meant to exemplify rather than catalogue these questions. The oocyte in amphibians is radially symmetrical. A first axis of symmetry is established between a more heavily pigmented animal hemisphere and a less pigmented vegetal hemisphere. Before fertilization the egg is covered with a transparent vitelline membrane. When fertilization occurs, the vitelline membrane lifts from the surface of the egg and the egg is then free to rotate inside it so that the animal hemisphere lies uppermost and the vegetal hemisphere is lowermost. This rotation is apparently a response to gravity, which means that the vegetal hemisphere is heavier, almost certainly a result of the concentration of more and larger yolk granules in the vegetal hemisphere. Therefore, if the egg rotates to a new orientation with the yolk down and the animal hemisphere up, it must be the case that at this point the yolk and other egg contents are not free to be redistributed within the egg but are secured in place. The animal vegetal axis now marks the future anteroposterior axis of the embryo.

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