Use of?-aminoisobutyric acid and isovaline as marker amino acids for the detection of fungal polypeptide antibiotics. Screening ofHypocrea

Amino Acids ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Br�ckner ◽  
J. Maisch ◽  
C. Reinecke ◽  
A. Kimonyo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Polypeptide Antibiotics

scholarly journals Amino acid uptake in isolated chick embryo heart cells. Effect of insulin

1969 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Guidotti ◽  
Britta Lüneburg ◽  
A. F. Borghetti
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Isolated Heart ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Heart Cells ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Isolated Heart Cells

1. The preparation of cell suspensions by treatment of chick embryo hearts with collagenase at various stages of development is described. 2. Measurements of oxygen consumption, incorporation of labelled leucine into protein and accumulation of labelled α-aminoisobutyric acid against a concentration gradient indicated a long-lasting viability of the isolated heart cells in vitro; a satisfactory preservation of subcellular structures, including plasma membrane, was assessed by electron-microscopic examination. 3. The rate of α-aminoisobutyric acid accumulation by cardiac cells isolated from hearts at different stages of embryological development decreased with aging; insulin stimulated the intracellular accumulation of this amino acid analogue. 4. Insulin increased the uptake by isolated heart cells of several 14C-labelled naturally occurring amino acids; however, the fraction of amino acid taken up by the cells that was recovered free intracellularly, and therefore the concentration ratio (between intracellular water and medium), was enhanced by the hormone only with glycine, proline, serine, threonine, histidine and methionine. When isolated heart cells were incubated in the presence of a mixture of labelled amino acids, the addition of insulin increased the disappearance of radioactivity from the medium. 5. The general pattern of amino acid transport (in the absence and in the presence of insulin) in isolated cardiac cells was similar to that found in intact hearts, suggesting that the biological preparation described in this paper might be useful for studies of cell permeability and insulin action.

Enhanced Excretion of Free Amino Acids by Hyperthyroid Patients

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H Felts ◽  
J Stanton King
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

Abstract Greater than normal amounts of one or more amino acids were found in the urines of 20 of 24 thyrotoxic patients. The amino acids most commonly increased were tyrosine (in nine of the 24 patients), β-aminoisobutyric acid (11/24), and cystathionine (12/24); seven patients had concurrent increases in the latter two amino acids. Hyperaminoacidemia, accompanied by generalized hyperaminoaciduria, was seen in the three nonfasting patients whose urine was examined. Sera from patients fasted overnight contained normal concentrations of free amino acids. Urinary calcium exceeded 250 mg/24 h in 10 of the 24 patients; urinary phosphorus exceeded 1.2g/day in four. These variables correlated poorly with each other, with the diagnostic impression of severity, and with the results of thyroid-function tests.

Corticosteroids and accumulation of C14-labeled amino acids and histamine by isolated rat diaphragm

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira G. Wool
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Amino Acid Analogue ◽  
Rate Of Penetration ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Acid Analogue ◽  
Isolated Rat

The rate of penetration and the magnitude of accumulation of several utilized C14-amino acids, of the amino acid analogue, α-aminoisobutyric acid-1-C14, and of C14-histamine was measured in intact and cut isolated rat diaphragm. Adrenalectomy was without effect on the rate of entry of the amino acids or of histamine; cortisone administration (2 mg/day) depressed the accumulation of the utilized amino acids, of α-aminoisobutyric acid and of histamine.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of various amino acids on glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis and ketogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes

1991 ◽  
Vol 273 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Baquet ◽  
A Lavoinne ◽  
L Hue
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Isolated Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Malonyl Coa ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Stimulation Of

Several amino acids were found to stimulate glycogen synthesis and lipogenesis, and to inhibit ketogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. When hepatocytes were incubated in the presence of 20 mM-glucose, the amino acids could be classified in decreasing order of efficiency as follows: glutamine and proline, alanine, aminoisobutyric acid, asparagine and histidine for stimulation of glycogen synthesis; glutamine, proline and alanine for stimulation of lipogenesis; proline and glutamine for inhibition of ketogenesis. The study of the time course revealed that the rates were not linear and were preceded by a lag period. In all conditions studied, glutamine and proline were found to have similar quantitative effects on glycogen synthesis and lipid metabolism. However, their effects differ qualitatively. Indeed, the effects of proline on glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis and glutamate and aspartate content were faster. Moreover, proline increased the hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio, whereas glutamine did not change it. Incubation of hepatocytes with aminoisobutyric acid or under hypo-osmotic conditions, which increased cell volume and mimicked the amino acid-induced stimulation of glycogen synthesis, had little effect on lipogenesis. In hepatocytes incubated without glucose, ketogenesis was inhibited, in decreasing order of efficiency, by alanine, asparagine, glutamine and proline. Under these conditions, glutamine increased, alanine decreased and asparagine did not affect the concentration of malonyl-CoA. This indicates that the latter cannot be responsible for the inhibition of ketogenesis by alanine and asparagine.

Development of 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib)-rich cell-penetrating foldamers for efficient siRNA delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (54) ◽  
pp. 7792-7795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Misawa ◽  
Nobumichi Ohoka ◽  
Makoto Oba ◽  
Hiroko Yamashita ◽  
Masakazu Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sirna Delivery ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
The Common

We have designed and synthesized a set of cell-penetrating foldamers (CPFs), Blocks 1–8, composed of the common amino acids Leu, Arg, and Gly, as well as the helicogenic amino acid 2-aminoisobutyric acid.

scholarly journals Synthesis of enantiomerically enriched (R)-13C-labelled 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) by conformational memory in the alkylation of a derivative of L-alanine

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1304-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P Fletcher ◽  
Jordi Solà ◽  
Dean Holt ◽  
Robert A Brown ◽  
Jonathan Clayden
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Enantiomeric Purity ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Conformational Memory ◽  
Enantioselective Alkylation ◽  
Derivatives Of

The method of Kouklovsky and coworkers for the enantioselective alkylation of cyclic N-naphthoyl derivatives of amino acids was used to introduce a 13C label into one of the two enantiotopic methyl groups of 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) by retentive alkylation of L-alanine with 13CH3I. Conditions were identified for optimization of yield and enantiomeric purity, and the absolute configuration of the labelled product was established.

Intraneuronal effects of inhibitory amino acids

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Constanti ◽  
K. Krnjević ◽  
A. Nistri
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Spinal Motoneurons ◽  
Gaba Transport ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
Comparable Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Amino Acids

Injections of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) into spinal motoneurons (in cats under Dial) induce a small but relatively prolonged hyperpolarization (mean −1.7 mV, SD 2. 1; n = 25), which is associated with a rise in input resistance (mean 44%, SD 122; n = 34), is not reversed by hyperpolarization, and is not potentiated by intracellular release of benzodiazepines. Muscimol sometimes has a comparable effect, but α-aminoisobutyric acid and glycine do not. These observations are consistent with the possibility that motoneurons have a Na+-coupled GABA transport mechanism that is electrogenic and can be reversed by an excess of intracellular GABA.

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