Collateral blood circulation with an isolated ligature of the frontal descending branch of the left coronary artery and in conjunction with stimulation of the peripheral section of the vagus nerve

1956 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 798-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuzmina-Prigradova
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Peripheral Section ◽  
Collateral Blood Circulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Influence of the cardiac nerves on coronary resistance

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Berne ◽  
Hilaire DeGeest ◽  
Matthew N. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Intracoronary Administration ◽  
Initial Decrease ◽  
Coronary Sinus Blood ◽  
Cardiac Nerves ◽  
Stimulation Of

During constant pressure perfusion of the left coronary artery, stimulation of the peripheral cervical vagi produced a small but definite increase in coronary blood flow (CBF) in paced and nonpaced beating hearts and in fibrillating hearts. In the latter preparations flow increment was associated with an increase in coronary sinus blood pO2 (CspO2), changes similar to those elicited by intracoronary administration of acetylcholine. During constant pressure perfusion of the left coronary artery in paced and nonpaced beating hearts and in fibrillating hearts, stimulation of the stellate ganglia produced an initial decrease and subsequent increase in CBF. The increase in flow was associated in time with a reduction in CspO2 in fibrillating hearts. The results obtained with stellate ganglion stimulation were reproduced by intracoronary administration of epinephrine. These observations indicate that the primary effect of vagus nerve stimulation on the coronary vasculature is vasodilation and that of stellate ganglion stimulation, constriction. The delayed increase in CBF seen with stellate ganglion stimulation is presumably secondary to the attending enhanced myocardial metabolic activity.

scholarly journals Hemodynamics Study of Different Take-Off Angles of the Left Coronary Artery

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Asiruwa ◽  
Aaron M. Propst ◽  
Stephen P. Gent
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Main ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
The Right

Coronary arteries are located on the surface of the heart and supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium and other components of the heart. The two coronary arteries located above the aortic arch are the Left Coronary Artery (LCA) and Right Coronary Artery (RCA). The LCA branches into the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) and the Left Circumflex (LCx) while the RCA branches into the Right Marginal Artery (RMA) and Post Descending Artery (PDA). The coronary arteries are likened to a complex tube-like structure, and the motion of the heart cause changes in pressure, which allows proper blood circulation during the systolic and diastolic phases [1]. Since it is essential to understand the physiological and hemodynamical behavior of the heart and coronary arteries, numerous studies have been conducted at different artery locations in the heart. Most of the research has focused on the branches between the LAD and LCx, with little or no attention directed towards the take-off angle the LCA makes with the aortic root. Although it has been reported that certain take-off angles of left main (LM) can be considered anomalous, findings have documented that such take off angles can make the artery prone to atherosclerosis and sudanophilia diseases [2]. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has in recent years been used to solve a wide variety of fluid flow challenges, and can be used for this study. The goal of this study is to use CFD techniques to study the hemodynamics of the different take-off angles of the left coronary artery from the aortic root. This will help identify areas in the left coronary artery that could be prone to atherosclerosis buildup.

Repair of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA) beyond Infancy

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Talwar ◽  
Aandrei Jivendra Jha ◽  
Shiv Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Saurabh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Balram Airan
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Anomalous Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Anomalous Left Coronary

Between January 2002 and December 2012, five patients (4 female) underwent corrective surgery for anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). They were older than 1 year (range, 3-56 years). One of the 2 patients younger than 10 years had presented with congestive heart failure, and the other had experienced repeated episodes of lower respiratory tract infection since childhood. Of the remaining 3 adult patients, 2 had experienced angina with effort, and 1 patient had had repeated respiratory tract infections since childhood, with mild dyspnea on effort of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II. Three patients had the anomalous left coronary artery implanted directly into the ascending aorta via coronary-button transfer, and 2 patients underwent coronary artery bypass with obliteration of the left main ostium. Two patients underwent concomitant mitral valve repair procedures, and 1 patient underwent direct closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Four patients survived the surgery, and 1 patient died because of a persistently low cardiac output. Follow-up times ranged from 3 months to 4 years. All survivors are in NYHA class I and have left ventricular ejection fractions of 45% to 60%, with moderate (n = 1), mild (n = 1), or no (n = 2) mitral insufficiency. We conclude that a few naturally selected patients with ALCAPA do survive beyond infancy and can undergo establishment of 2 coronary systems with satisfactory results.

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