Effect of central cholinolytics on the primary immune response in rabbits

1973 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 971-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Marat
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Central Cholinolytics

Effects of a primary immune response to T-cell dependent antigen on serotonin metabolism in frontal cortex: in vivo microdialysis study in freely moving Fischer 344 rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 645 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain M. Gardier ◽  
Sébastien Kachaner ◽  
Elisabeth Khan Shaghaghi ◽  
Christian Blot ◽  
Claude Bohuon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cell ◽  
In Vivo Microdialysis ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Serotonin Metabolism ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Fischer 344 Rat ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Microdialysis Study

Impaired Primary Immune Response in Type-1 Diabetes: Results from a Controlled Vaccination Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Eibl ◽  
Martin Spatz ◽  
Gottfried F. Fischer ◽  
Wolfgang R. Mayr ◽  
Aysen Samstag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Immune Response

Alteration of the phagocytosis and antimicrobial defense of Octodonta nipae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) pupae to Escherichia coli following parasitism by Tetrastichus brontispae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-256
Author(s):  
E. Meng ◽  
J. Li ◽  
B. Tang ◽  
Y. Hu ◽  
T. Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Mrna Expression Level ◽  
E Coli

AbstractAlthough parasites and microbial pathogens are both detrimental to insects, little information is currently available on the mechanism involved in how parasitized hosts balance their immune responses to defend against microbial infections. We addressed this in the present study by comparing the immune response between unparasitized and parasitized pupae of the chrysomelid beetle, Octodonta nipae (Maulik), to Escherichia coli invasion. In an in vivo survival assay, a markedly reduced number of E. coli colony-forming units per microliter was detected in parasitized pupae at 12 and 24 h post-parasitism, together with decreased phagocytosis and enhanced bactericidal activity at 12 h post-parasitism. The effects that parasitism had on the mRNA expression level of selected antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of O. nipae pupae showed that nearly all transcripts of AMPs examined were highly upregulated during the early and late parasitism stages except defensin 2B, whose mRNA expression level was downregulated at 24 h post-parasitism. Further elucidation on the main maternal fluids responsible for alteration of the primary immune response against E. coli showed that ovarian fluid increased phagocytosis at 48 h post-injection. These results indicated that the enhanced degradation of E. coli in parasitized pupae resulted mainly from the elevated bactericidal activity without observing the increased transcripts of target AMPs. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the immune responses of a parasitized host to bacterial infections.

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