Laws governing processes in a displacement reactor taking account of longitudinal transfer and lateral heat losses

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-202
Author(s):  
É. I. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Losses ◽  
Displacement Reactor ◽  
Lateral Heat

Permafrost thermal amelioration tests near Schefferville, Quebec

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1694-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Snow Depth ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
Snow Fences ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Lateral Heat

Permafrost thermal amelioration techniques have been tested for 4 years near Schefferville (mean annual temperature −6 °C). The most important amelioration measure tested was the use of snow fences to increase snow depth and hence reduce winter heat losses, which affect the permafrost much more than changing the summer heat input conditions. However, when different summer treatments were tested, stripping the vegetation, darkening the ground and using thin transparent covers proved beneficial. Monitoring included deep ground temperature measurements (to 25 m), radiation instruments, lysimeters, and measurement of ground thermal properties. At 5 m depth, between 20 and 40 × 106 Jm−2 are gained and lost each year under natural conditions, whereas the amelioration gave a continuous gain of 20 × 106 Jm−2 per annum (nearly 2% of net radiation), increasing mean temperature by 2.5 °over 4 years. At the 10 m depth corresponding gains were 10 × 106 Jm−2 and 1.5°. The rocks (iron-rich) have high thermal conductivities, and slower amelioration results are likely in other areas. Limited plot size (7500 m2) has resulted in significant lateral heat loss. The overall test result is that the active layer has been greatly deepened but no thaw has yet been held through a full winter. The method would be useful in several mining applications, including the prevention of new permafrost.

Selection of the Area of Window Openings of Residential Buildings in Conditions of Monsoon Climate of the Far East of the Russian Federation and Northern Areas of China

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Aleksei K. Solovyov ◽  
Bi Guofu
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
Heat Penetration ◽  
Large Heat

The term “window” in architecture usually stands for an opening in a wall or roof for penetration of natural light, sunrays and fresh air in premises. Recently, the requirement of contact with environment is added to this condition. It is especially relevant for residential buildings where rooms are considered residential if they have windows. The energy consumption of a building depends on sizes, form and location of windows. In winter, windows cause huge heat losses, in summer, on the other hand, large heat enters a building via the windows and is required to be removed by means of air conditioning. Moreover, windows are used for penetration of natural light in premises, which assists in saving of large amounts of power for artificial illumination. This article discusses partial solving the problem of the energy efficiency of residential buildings by determining the most efficient area of windows in terms of energy spending for compensation of heat losses via windows in winter, elimination of heat penetration through them in summer and energy losses for artificial lighting throughout the year. The analysis of the results of calculation of power consumption for residential premises in conditions of monsoon climate of the Russian Far East and Northern areas of China (PRC) is provided.

Daylight in Underground Spaces

2018 ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Alexei K. Solovyov
Keyword(s):  
Light Guide ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Diameters

Underground spaces in town centres present a big attraction for investors. However, they put special requirements to the internal environment. Those requirements can be fulfilled by means of daylighting. Examples of lighting of underground spaces are discussed. It is shown that the common systems of natural lighting are not always possible to use and cause big heat losses. Hollow light guide pipes allow avoid the shortcomings of common daylight systems. Method of calculation of daylight factors from hollow light guide pipes is shown. The results of calculation of daylight factors under the light guide pipes of different diameters in the different depths are presented.

Determination of heat losses for sections of main heat pipelines using the reference method

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
O. Tsakanyan ◽  
◽  
V. Goloshchapov ◽  
S. Koshel ◽  
N. Ganzha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Method ◽  
Heat Losses

Remote Investigation of Buildings' Heat Losses by Thermal Imaging Technique

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
F.F. Sizov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Zabudsky ◽  
A.G. Golenkov ◽  
S.L. Kravchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Heat Losses
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