Nontraditional concepts of nuclear power plants with inherent safety (new nuclear technology for the next stage of large-scale production of nuclear power)

Atomic Energy ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Orlov ◽  
E. N. Avrorin ◽  
E. O. Adamov ◽  
A. P. Vasil'ev ◽  
E. P. Velikhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Large Scale Production

Planning of Large-Scale In-Situ Gas Generation Experiment in Korean Radioactive Waste Repository

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyoul Kim ◽  
Sukhoon Kim ◽  
Jin Beak Park ◽  
Sunjoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Radioactive Waste Repository ◽  
Waste Repository

In the Korean LILW (Low- and Intermediate-Level radioactive Waste) repository at Gyeongju city, the degradation of organic wastes and the corrosion of metallic wastes and steel containers would be important processes that affect repository geochemistry, speciation and transport of radionuclides during the lifetime of a radioactive waste disposal facility. Gas is generated in association with these processes and has the potential threat to pressurize the repository, which can promote the transport of groundwater and gas, and consequently radionuclide transport. Microbial activity plays an important role in organic degradation, corrosion and gas generation through the mediation of reduction-oxidation reactions. The Korean research project on gas generation is being performed by Korea Radioactive Waste Management Corporation (hereafter referred to as “KRMC”). A full-scale in-situ experiment will form a central part of the project, where gas generation in real radioactive low-level maintenance waste from nuclear power plants will be done as an in-depth study during ten years at least. In order to examine gas generation issues from an LILW repository which is being constructed and will be completed by the end of December, 2012, two large-scale facilities for the gas generation experiment will be established, each equipped with a concrete container carrying on 16 drums of 200 L and 9 drums of 320 L of LILW from Korean nuclear power plants. Each container will be enclosed within a gas-tight and acid-proof steel tank. The experiment facility will be fully filled with ground water that provides representative geochemical conditions and microbial inoculation in the near field of repository. In the experiment, the design includes long-term monitoring and analyses for the rate and composition of gas generated, and aqueous geochemistry and microbe populations present at various locations through on-line analyzers and manual periodical sampling. A main schedule for establishing the experiment facility is as follows: Completion of the detailed design until the second quarter of the year 2010; Completion of the manufacture and on-site installation until the second quarter of the year 2011; Start of the operation and monitoring from the third quarter of the year 2011.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Shrimp Waste Valorization Combining Computer-Aided Simulation and Numerical Descriptive Inherent Safety Technique (NuDIST)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zuorro ◽  
Daylisney Cassiani-Cassiani ◽  
Demmy A. Meza-González ◽  
Kariana Andrea Moreno-Sader ◽  
Ángel Darío González-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Heat Of Reaction ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Waste Valorization ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Safety Technique ◽  
Shrimp Wastes

Nowadays, inherently safer designs are considered as key priorities to prevent or mitigate serious incidents with devastating consequences. The need for process safety assessment during early design phases has motivated the development of several contributions related to computer-aided assessment methodologies to measure the inherent safety of chemical processes. In this work, the large-scale production of chitosan from shrimp wastes was evaluated from a process safety point of view using the numerical descriptive inherent safety technique (NuDIST). To this end, simulation of the chitosan production was performed using Aspen Plus ® to obtain extended mass and energy balances. The assessment of all the chemicals involved within the process was carried out for the following safety parameters: explosivity (EXP), flammability (FL), and toxicity (TOX). The safety assessment of the process included the parameters of temperature (T), pressure (P), and heat of reaction (HR). The maximum chemical safety score was estimated in 171.01 with ethanol as the main contributor to the parameters of explosivity and flammability. The score associated with operating data was calculated at 209.20 and heat of reaction reported to be the most affecting parameter. The NuDIST score was estimated at 380.20. This NuDIST value revealed the low hazards associated with the handling of substances such as shrimp wastes, chitosan, and water, as well as the non-extreme temperature and pressure conditions. In general, the large-scale production of chitosan from shrimp shells was shown to be an inherently safe alternative of waste valorization.

scholarly journals Methods of Accounting Aging of the Main Equipment of Nuclear Power Plants Using the Example of the Control System for the Installation of AM

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Bychok A.S ◽  
Mukhin V.Yu. ◽  
Samokhin D.S
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Functional Reliability ◽  
Resource Characteristics

Accounting for the aging of equipment and analysis of resource characteristics of nuclear technology facilities is an urgent problem. In this paper, we show methods of solving for finding functional reliability. The analysis of the functional reliability of the most important control and protection control (SCP) systems of the AM-1 installation was also carried out

Analysis of the HTGR Proliferation Resistance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly V. Petrunin ◽  
Nikolay G. Kodochigov ◽  
Yury P. Sukharev ◽  
Sergey L. Osipov ◽  
Elena V. Marova
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Material ◽  
Nuclear Power Engineering ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Nuclear Technology

Increased interest in development of nuclear power engineering, first of all in non-nuclear countries, puts an emphasis on the designing of small and medium nuclear power plants and determines the growth in nuclear technology export from countries with advanced nuclear industries. It accentuates the issue of reduction of the nuclear material proliferation risk, which was repeatedly raised on the national an international levels (materials of INPRO, GNEP, IAEA).

Renaissance der Atomkraft? Vermutlich nicht!

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (156) ◽  
pp. 425-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Mez ◽  
Mycle Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Skilled Worker

The international nuclear lobby is constantly talking about a nuclear renaissance. But nuclear power is rather in the dusk than in the dawn. Missing industrial capacities, skyrocketing costs for raw materials and new nuclear power plants, the dramatic skilled worker/manager shortage and a sceptical financial sector are the main problems of nuclear industry. And nuclear technology as saviour against global warming is no good either.

Response Analysis of a Seismic Isolated Structure Considering a Probabilistic Approach

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Akamatsu ◽  
Satoshi Fujita ◽  
Keisuke Minagawa
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Isolation Systems

Japan is one of the most advanced countries in earthquake technology. Isolation systems are widely used in large-scale structures such as hospitals and communication centers. For example, an isolated office building has been used as a hub of recovery from accident by Great East Japan Earthquake in Fukushima nuclear power plant. In the meantime, application of probabilistic risk assessment is used for structure of nuclear power plants. In 2006, Regulatory Guide for Reviewing Seismic Design was revised and according to guideline, it is necessary to consider the residual risk1. In addition, seismic isolation systems are expected to be used for nuclear power plants. Recently, the risk of isolation system’s failure needs to be assessed in case of large ground motion. This paper deals with probabilistic approach on seismic response of an isolated structure. Consequently, sensitivity analysis is carried out. Then, as nonlinear behavior in rubber bearings occurs during huge earthquake, it has to be considered in the sensitivity analysis.

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