The critical conditions for chain ignition with negative chain interaction

1976 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-223
Author(s):  
V. V. Azatyan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Chain Ignition ◽  
Chain Interaction

Preservation of Morphological Integrity and Clot Retraction Activity of Human Platelets After Freezing

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Djerassi ◽  
Albert Roy ◽  
Jorge Alvarado ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Slow Freezing ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Plasma Medium ◽  
Clot Retraction ◽  
Controlled Freezing ◽  
Direct Immersion

SummaryHuman platelets frozen at −195° C (liquid nitrogen) retain their morphological integrity and ability to promote clot retraction when 5% dimethyl-sulfoxide and 5% dextrose are added to the suspending plasma medium. Slow freezing was more effective than direct immersion in the liquid nitrogen. Although similar results may be achieved with dimethylsulfoxide alone with rigidly controlled freezing rates, the addition of sugars may permit freezing under less critical conditions.Dimethylsulfoxyd und 5% Dextrose dem Plasmamilieu hinzugefügt werden. Das langsame Einfrieren ist effektiver als das direkte Eintauchen in flüssigen Stickstoff. Obschon ähnliche Resultate mit Dimethylsulfoxyd allein unter exakter Kontrolle der Einfrierungsgeschwindig-keit erreicht werden können, erlaubt die Zugabe von Dextrose ein Einfrieren unter weniger kritischen Bedingungen.

Application of graphical analysis of taxonomical structure of diatom complexes in identification of critical conditions of the Neopleistocene lakes (on the example of Bibirevo section)

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Elena V. Bespalova
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Ancient Lake ◽  
Diatom Complexes

Ancient lake sediments of Bibirevo section in the Yaroslavl and Kostroma Volga region are studied by means of graphical analysis of taxonomical structure of diatom complexes. This method allowed to record critical points (change of areas of stability) in the development of a Neopleistocene lake during the transition from stage to stage, as well as from phase to phase.

The role of aromatic microbial metabolites

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Н.В. Белобородова ◽  
В.В. Мороз ◽  
А.Ю. Бедова
Keyword(s):  
Process Integration ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Blood Concentrations

Интеграция метаболизма макроорганизма и его микробиоты, обеспечивающая в норме симбиоз и саногенез, нарушается при заболеваниях, травме, критическом состоянии, и вектор взаимодействия может изменяться в пользу прокариотов по принципу «метаболиты бактерий - против хозяина». Анализ литературы показал, что, с одной стороны, имеется живой интерес к ароматическим микробным метаболитам, с другой - отсутствует четкое представление об их роли в организме человека. Публикации, касающиеся ряда ароматических микробных метаболитов (фенилкарбоновых кислот, ФКК), как правило, не связаны между собой по тематике и направлены на решение тех или иных прикладных задач в разных областях биологии и медицины. Цель обзора - анализ информации о происхождении, биологических эффектах ФКК в экспериментах in vitro и in vivo , и клинических наблюдениях. Обобщая результаты приведенных в обзоре исследований на клеточном, субклеточном и молекулярном уровнях, логично предположить участие ароматических микробных метаболитов в патогенезе полиорганной недостаточности при сепсисе. Наиболее перспективным для раскрытия роли ароматических микробных метаболитов представляется изучение механизмов вторичной почечной недостаточности и септической энцефалопатии. Важным направлением для будущих исследований является изучение влияния продуктов микробной биодеградации ароматических соединений на развитие диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови, артериальной гипотензии и септического шока. Результаты дальнейших исследований будут иметь не только фундаментальное значение, но и обогатят практическую медицину новыми диагностическими и лечебными технологиями. Significant increases in blood concentrations of some aromatic metabolites (phenylcarboxylic acids, PhCAs) in patients with sepsis have been previously shown. Enhanced bacterial biodegradation of aromatic compounds has been demonstrated to considerably contribute to this process. Integration of macroorganism metabolism and its microbiota, which provides normal symbiosis and sanogenesis, is disturbed in diseases, trauma, and critical conditions. Direction of this interaction may change in favor of prokaryotes according to the principle, “bacterial metabolites are against the host”. Analysis of literature showed a particular interest of many investigators to aromatic microbial metabolites. However, there is no clear understanding of their role in the human body. Publications on PhCAs are generally not thematically interrelated and usually focus on solving applied tasks in different fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this work was to consolidate existing information about origin and biological effects of PhCAs in in vitro / in vivo experiments and some clinical findings. The presented summary of reported data from studies performed at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels suggests participation of aromatic microbial metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Studying mechanisms of secondary renal failure and septic encephalopathy is most promising for discovering the function of aromatic microbial metabolites. Effects of microbial biodegradation products of aromatic substances on development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypotension, and septic shock are an important challenge for future studies. Results of further investigations will be not only fundamental, but will also enrich medical practice with new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.

PENGARUH TINDAKAN MOBILISASI DINI TERHADAP DENYUT JANTUNG DAN FREKUENSI PERNAPASAN PADA PASIEN KRITIS DI ICU RSUD SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Muhamat Nofiyanto ◽  
Tetra Saktika Adhinugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
Security Standards

Background: Patients with critical conditions in the ICU depend on a variety of tools to support their lifes. Patients’ conditions and and their unstable hemodynamic are challenges for nurses to perform mobilization. Less mobilization in critical patients can cause a variety of physical problems, one of them is cardiorespiratory function disorder. Objective: to investigate differences in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) before, during, and immediately after early mobilization. Methods: This study employed quasi experiment with one group pre and post test design. Twenty four respondents were selected based on the criteria HR <110 / min at rest, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure between 60 to 110 mmHg, and the fraction of inspired oxygen <0.6. Early mobilization was performed to the respondents, and followed by assessments on the changes of respiratory rate and heart rate before, during, and immediately after the mobilization. Analysis of differences in this study used ANNOVA. Results: Before the early mobilization, mean RR was 22.54 and mean HR was 78.58. Immediately after the mobilization,  mean RR was 23.21 and mean HR was 80.75. There was no differences in the value of RR and HR, before and immediately after the early mobilization with the p-value of 0.540 and 0.314, respectively. Conclusions: Early mobilization of critical patients is relatively safe. Nurses are expected to perform early mobilization for critical patients. However, it should be with regard to security standards and rigorous assessment of the patient's conditions. Keywords: Early mobilization, critical patients, ICU

FUNCTIONING OF THE MENTAL DEFENSES IN THE CONDUCT OF INTERROGATION WITHIN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2161-2165
Author(s):  
Hristo Ivanov Popnikolov
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Subjective Side

From the subject presented in the report it is evident that the pre-trial and the court bodies may, to some extent, be influenced both by the person of the accused and by his competence to participate in the criminal process. In this regard as an expert, the psychologist can offer invaluable assistance. Each expertise would assist all actors involved in the administration of justice on their objective assessment of the offenders, the understanding of their individual protection and the inherent self-justification during procedural actions. The involvement of psychologists in the criminal process is key to establishing the truth in the investigation, because every crime as an act has a subjective side, expressed in the psychic attitude of the perpetrator to the committed act. Establishing these psychological motives is a key point in the criminal process with a view to establishing the truth.Psychological protection stabilizes the personality in the critical conditions of counteraction, related to the elimination of the experiences of tension, anxiety, stress and frustration, leading to maximum mobilization of its resources and at the same time to their overpayment. Thus, the individual who is the subject of the process action is protected against the adverse external influences, but at the cost of a lot of effort and enormous loss of nervous-mental energy, which increases his own vulnerability instead of contributing to its reduction. The appearance and functioning of psychological protection can be significantly impeded by the interaction of the investigator with the accused. Even more complicated is the situation when it breaks the communication contact that may arise in the psychological alienation and self-isolation of the accused due to the desire to protect himself.Protective psychological dominance is a real psychic activity that investigators, investigators, investigators and judges need to take into account in order to effectively deal with their task and to overcome the resistance of the investigated persons and in a time to prove in a lawful and moral way their guilt and participation in the commitment of the crimes.

Critical conditions for organic thread cutting under electric fields

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Yin ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Teck Neng Wong
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Capillary Number ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Thread Cutting ◽  
On Demand

Critical conditions with electric capillary number are investigated for triggering the on-demand cutting of an organic thread in a microchannel under electric fields.

scholarly journals The Struggle of Ash—Insights from Long-Term Survey in Latvia

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Ilze Matisone ◽  
Roberts Matisons ◽  
Āris Jansons
Keyword(s):  
Local Density ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Long Term Survey

The dieback of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) has dramatically decreased the abundance of the species in Europe; however, tolerance of trees varies regionally. The tolerance of trees is considered to be a result of synergy of genetic and environmental factors, suggesting an uneven future potential of populations. This also implies that wide extrapolations would be biased and local information is needed. Survival of ash during 2005–2020, as well as stand- and tree-level variables affecting them was assessed based on four surveys of 15 permanent sampling plots from an eastern Baltic region (Latvia) using an additive model. Although at the beginning of dieback a relatively low mortality rate was observed, it increased during the 2015–2020 period, which was caused by dying of the most tolerant trees, though single trees have survived. In the studied stands, ash has been gradually replaced by other local tree species, though some recruitment of ash was locally observed, implying formation of mixed broadleaved stands with slight ash admixture. The survival of trees was related to tree height and position within a stand (relative height and local density), though the relationships were nonlinear, indicating presence of critical conditions. Regarding temporal changes, survival rapidly dropped during the first 16 years, stabilizing at a relatively low level. Although low recruitment of ash still implies plummeting economic importance of the species, the observed responses of survival, as well as the recruitment, imply potential to locally improve the survival of ash via management (tending), hopefully providing time for natural resistance to develop.

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