Self-diffusion of water molecules in solutions of electrolytes at pressures up to 2500 kg/cm2

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Arkhipov ◽  
M. I. Emel'yanov ◽  
F. M. Samigullin ◽  
N. K. Gaisin
Keyword(s):  
Water Molecules ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes

Self-diffusion of water molecules in aqueous solutions of electrolytes

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 852-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Emel'yanov ◽  
E. A. Nikiforov ◽  
N. S. Kucheryavenko
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes

scholarly journals Measurements of the Self-diffusion of Water in Pure Water, H2O-D2O Mixtures and Solutions of Electrolytes.

1962 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 2177-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Devell ◽  
Åke Olin ◽  
Karel Dušek ◽  
Jiři´ Klaban
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes

c , T-Dependence of the Self Diffusion in Concentrated Aqueous Sucrose Solutions

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Girlich ◽  
H.-D. Lüdemann ◽  
C. Buttersack ◽  
K. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Field Gradient ◽  
Concentration Dependence ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
The Self ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Pulsed Field Gradient Nmr ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Sucrose Solutions ◽  
Wide Range

The self diffusion coefficients D of the water molecules and of sucrose have been determined by the pulsed field gradient NMR technique over a wide range of temperatures and concentrations (cmax: 70% w/w suc.). All temperature dependencies can be fitted to a Vogel- Tammann-Fulcher equation. The isothermic concentration dependence of D for the sucrose is given by a simple exponential concentration dependence

Identification of Electrolytes in Aqueous Solutions from Near-IR Spectra

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Lin ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Chris W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Principal Component Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Dipole Interactions ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes

Dissolution of electrolytes causes characteristic changes in the near-IR spectrum of water. These changes result from a decrease in the concentration of water; charge-dipole interactions between ions and water molecules; formation of hydrogen bonds between oxygen or nitrogen atoms in some ions and water molecules; production of H+ and OH− ions from dissociation and hydrolysis; absorptions due to OH, NH, and CH groups in some ions; and intrinsic colors of some transition metal ions. Changes in spectra were used for identification of electrolytes in aqueous solutions. Near-IR spectra of 71 solutions of single electrolytes were measured and used to develop a spectral library. This near-IR spectral library was processed with principal component regression (PCR) and used for the identification of single and multiple electrolytes in aqueous solutions with the use of their spectra. Most of the unknown electrolytes were identified correctly. For the others, very similar electrolytes were selected with one ion identified correctly. The near-IR spectral library of aqueous solutions of electrolytes can be used as a simple and fast approach for the identification of electrolytes.

The drift self-diffusion of water molecules

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1032-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Malomuzh ◽  
I. Z. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Water Molecules ◽  
Self Diffusion

scholarly journals Proton Magnetic Resonance Studies of Water in Slime Mould Plasmodia

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Walter ◽  
AB Hope
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Proton Spin ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Signal Pulse ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Slime Mould ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Cytoplasmic Structures

Steady-state and pulse n.m.r. techniques have been applied in a study of water in the cytoplasm of slime mould plasmodia (Ph;ysarum polycephalum). The former method has been used to confirm that the signal detected was from protons in water molecules, and to estimate the fraction of the total water in the sample that was contributing to the observed signal. Pulse techniques have enabled direct measurement of the self-diffusion coefficient D of the bulk water in the cytoplasm, and the proton spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times Tl and T2 respectively. The measurements of D can be accounted for if most of the water is in a "free" state, similar to water in a dilute ionic solution, but with a lower value of D due to the obstruction effect of macromolecules and cytoplasmic structures. The values of Tl and T2 indicate that a small "bound" fraction of the water molecules has more restricted motion. The assumption of a two-state model, with exchange of water molecules between "free" and "bound" phases in a time ~ 10-3 sec, yields a representative correlation time T "'" 10-8 sec for the bound fraction. This model is the simplest compatible with all the above results. The underlying assumptions, the extent to which it is likely to be an approximation, and the implications regarding some theories of cellular functions are discussed. Similar results have also been obtained from samples of toad leg muscle, ceils from the meristematic region of pea roots, and from agar and gelatin gels.

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