Effect of chemical group composition of starting material on quality of roofing asphalt

1973 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-776
Author(s):  
V. V. Fryazinov ◽  
R. S. Akhmetova ◽  
L. V. Evdokimova
Keyword(s):  
Group Composition ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Chemical Group Composition

Effect of Freeze-Drying and Cooking on Shrimp Quality

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara R Moorhouse ◽  
Harold Salwin
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Organoleptic Quality ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Crushed Ice

Abstract Approximately 500 pounds of white shrimp were stored in crushed ice until they decomposed. Portions were withdrawn at intervals and processed. Based on judgments of odor, shrimp that reached a stage of incipient decomposition before processing were rated as passable after they were freeze-dried or cooked. The organoleptic quality of samples that reached a stage of advanced decomposition was also improved by processing, but not to the extent of their being classified as passable. Aerobic plate counts increased during storage but they were reduced significantly by freezedrying or cooking. Although there were changes in composition during storage, the classical chemical tests used were of limited value for assessing the degree of decomposition. Also, many volatile decomposition products were lost during processing. Computing the results of chemical analyses on a moisturefree basis offered distinct advantages. Inasmuch as organoleptic, bacteriological, and chemical tests on the finished products failed to reveal the decomposed condition of the starting material, there is need for additional investigation of methods for that purpose.

Synthesis of Nano-Sized Barium Titanate Powder by Rotary-Hydrothermal Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 421-422 ◽  
pp. 269-272
Author(s):  
Takashi Kubo ◽  
Masayuki Hogiri ◽  
Hiroshi Kagata ◽  
Atsushi Nakahira
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Water System ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Faceted Particles

Nano-sized BaTiO3 powders with narrow size distribution and the high tetragonality were attempted to synthesize by the rotary-hydrothermal process in water system, using two kinds of commercial anatase-type TiO2 (ST21/ST01) with different particle size and Ba(OH)2. The rotary-hydrothermal syntheses were done with the rotary-speed of 20 revolutions per minute at 523 K for 24 h. Highly- and mono-dispersed BaTiO3 powders were successfully synthesized by applying the rotary-hydrothermal process. For rotary-hydrothermal synthesis, it was found that the average size, tetragonality, and quality of the BaTiO3 particle strongly depended on the particle size of the starting material. In the case of using ST01 as a starting material, BaTiO3 nano-powders mainly composed of coarse-faceted particles (average particle size = ca.100 nm) with the tetragonal phase and very little lattice defects were successfully synthesized.

Chemical group composition of residue in processing atmospheric resid over iron oxide catalyst

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
R. R. Vezirov ◽  
I. R. Yavgil'din ◽  
I. O. Tuktarova ◽  
�. G. Telyashev ◽  
I. R. Khairudinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Resid ◽  
Iron Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Chemical Group Composition

Method of Testing the Mechanical Properties of Vulcanizates Prepared from Latex as a Starting Material

1948 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-179
Author(s):  
Marcel Pirot
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract With the method which has been described, it is possible to obtain reproducible results easily. It is hoped that the method will make it easier to study the properties of rubber mixtures prepared from latex. Furthermore the quantity of a latex mixture needed for such a test is small, i.e., of the order of 400 cc., so the method is particularly well adapted to the selection of Hevea trees on a basis of the quality of their latex. As a matter of fact, it will be easy in many cases to follow the collection of latex from a limited number of trees. It should even be possible, by using a single dipping form and reducing the size of the dipping tank, to follow the quality of the latex from the daily production of one tree, a procedure which is impossible with coagulated rubber.

scholarly journals "Same Difference": Comprehensive evaluation of three DNA methylation measurement platforms

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thadeous J Kacmarczyk ◽  
Mame P. Fall ◽  
Xihui Zhang ◽  
Yuan Xin ◽  
Yushan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Reduced Representation ◽  
Targeted Capture ◽  
Areas Of Interest

ABSTRACTBackgroundDNA methylation in CpG context is fundamental to the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in high eukaryotes. Disorganization of methylation status is implicated in many diseases, cellular differentiation, imprinting, and other biological processes. Techniques that enrich for biologically relevant genomic regions with high CpG content are desired, since, depending on the size of an organism’s methylome, the depth of sequencing required to cover all CpGs can be prohibitively expensive. Currently, restriction enzyme based reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and its modified protocols are widely used to study methylation differences. Recently, Agilent Technologies and Roche NimbleGen have ventured to both reduce sequencing costs and capture CpGs of known biological relevance by marketing in-solution custom-capture hybridization platforms. We aimed to evaluate the similarities and differences of these three methods considering each targets approximately 10-13% of the human methylome.ResultsOverall, the regions covered per platform were as expected: targeted capture based methods covered >95% of their designed regions whereas the restriction enzyme-based method covered >70% of the expected fragments. While the total number of CpG loci shared by all methods was low, ~30% of any platform, the methylation levels of CpGs common across platforms were concordant. Annotation of CpG loci with genomic features revealed roughly the same proportions of feature annotations across the three platforms. Targeted capture methods encompass similar amounts of annotations with the restriction enzyme based method covering fewer promoters (~9%) and shores (~8%) and more unannotated loci (7-14%).ConclusionsAlthough all methods are largely consistent in terms of covered CpG loci and cover similar proportions of annotated CpG loci, the restriction based enrichment results in more unannotated regions and the commercially available capture methods result in less off-target regions. Quality of DNA is very important for restriction based enrichment and starting material can be low. Conversely, quality of the starting material is less important for capture methods, and at least twice the amount of starting material is required. Pricing is marginally less for restriction based enrichment, and number of samples to be prepared is not restricted to the number of samples a kit supports. The one advantage of capture libraries is the ability to custom design areas of interest. The choice of the technique should be decided by the number of samples, the quality and quantity of DNA available and the biological areas of interest since comparable data are obtained from all platforms.

scholarly journals Quality of group interaction, ethnic group composition, and individual mathematical learning gains

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-403
Author(s):  
Jolien M. Mouw ◽  
Nadira Saab ◽  
Jeroen Janssen ◽  
Paul Vedder
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Learning Gains ◽  
Mathematical Learning

Study on Coking Mechanism during the Pyrolysis of Coal to Acetylene in the Plasma

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1630-1636
Author(s):  
Yuan Yu Tian ◽  
Ying Yun Qiao ◽  
Ke Chang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Coal Particle ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Reactor Wall ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Chemical Group Composition

Based on characterization of various properties of coking formation during the processing of pyrolysis of coal to acetylene in the plasma, and the chemical group composition of the coal, the reaction central - border zone characteristics of plasma and the specific circumstances of the reactor, the mechanism of coking on reactor wall is put forword during pyrolysis of the coal to acetylene in the plasma, which aromatics, colloids, asphaltenes and carbenes happen condensation reaction by dehydrogenation in plasma border reaction zone. Besides, a method is proposed that double peak particle size distribution of coal particle can eliminate coking continuously, and it get experimental validation.

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