Investigation of the nature of the photostimulated exoelectronic emission in the friction of weak-current precision contacts

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Mints ◽  
V. S. Kortoy ◽  
�. A. Plekhanova ◽  
G. F. Peshchin ◽  
Yu. D. Semko
Keyword(s):  
Weak Current ◽  
Exoelectronic Emission

Study on Optimal Radar System for Observation of Weak Current on Ocean Surface

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1879-1884
Author(s):  
Ying Yu ◽  
Xiao-qing Wang ◽  
Min-hui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Weak Current

scholarly journals Mudrock Microstructure: A Technique for Distinguishing between Deep-Water Fine-Grained Sediments

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Shereef Bankole ◽  
Dorrik Stow ◽  
Zeinab Smillie ◽  
Jim Buckman ◽  
Helen Lever
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Weak Current ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Water Facies

Distinguishing among deep-water sedimentary facies has been a difficult task. This is possibly due to the process continuum in deep water, in which sediments occur in complex associations. The lack of definite sedimentological features among the different facies between hemipelagites and contourites presented a great challenge. In this study, we present detailed mudrock characteristics of the three main deep-water facies based on sedimentological characteristics, laser diffraction granulometry, high-resolution, large area scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique. Our results show that the deep-water microstructure is mainly process controlled, and that the controlling factor on their grain size is much more complex than previously envisaged. Retarding current velocity, as well as the lower carrying capacity of the current, has an impact on the mean size and sorting for the contourite and turbidite facies, whereas hemipelagite grain size is impacted by the natural heterogeneity of the system caused by bioturbation. Based on the microfabric analysis, there is a disparate pattern observed among the sedimentary facies; turbidites are generally bedding parallel due to strong currents resulting in shear flow, contourites are random to semi-random as they are impacted by a weak current, while hemipelagites are random to oblique since they are impacted by bioturbation.

scholarly journals p38/AP-1 Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses Is Negatively Modulated by Electrical Stimulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deok Jeong ◽  
Jaehwi Lee ◽  
Young-Su Yi ◽  
Yanyan Yang ◽  
Kyoung Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Weak Current ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Electrical stimulation with a weak current has been demonstrated to modulate various cellular and physiological responses, including the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and acute or chronic physical pain. Thus, a variety of investigations regarding the physiological role of nano- or microlevel currents at the cellular level are actively proceeding in the field of alternative medicine. In this study, we focused on the anti-inflammatory activity of aluminum-copper patches (ACPs) under macrophage-mediated inflammatory conditions. ACPs generated nanolevel currents ranging from 30 to 55 nA in solution conditions. Interestingly, the nanocurrent-generating aluminum-copper patches (NGACPs) were able to suppress both lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-) and pam3CSK-induced inflammatory responses such as NO and PGE2production in both RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages at the transcriptional level. Through immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation analyses, we found that p38/AP-1 could be the major inhibitory pathway in the NGACP-mediated anti-inflammatory response. Indeed, inhibition of p38 by SB203580 showed similar inhibitory activity of the production of TNF-αand PGE2and the expression of TNF-αand COX-2 mRNA. These results suggest that ACP-induced nanocurrents alter signal transduction pathways that are involved in the inflammatory response and could therefore be utilized in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and colitis.

scholarly journals Research on Non-Contact Weak Current Detection Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Sai Wu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Changlei Liu ◽  
Jindong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weak Current ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Current Detection

scholarly journals A Zermelo navigation problem with a vortex singularity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Edgar Moafo Wembe ◽  
Olivier Cots ◽  
Bernard Bonnard
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Hamiltonian Vector Field ◽  
Weak Current ◽  
Navigation Problem ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Time Minimization ◽  
Current Region ◽  
Randers Metrics

Helhmoltz-Kirchhoff equations of motions of vortices of an incompressible fluid in the plane define a dynamics with singularities and this leads to a Zermelo navigation problem describing the ship travel in such a field where the control is the heading angle. Considering one vortex, we define a time minimization problem, geometric frame being the extension of Randers metrics in the punctured plane, with rotational symmetry. Candidates as minimizers are parameterized thanks to the Pontryagin Maximum Principle as extremal solutions of a Hamiltonian vector field. We analyze the time minimal solution to transfer the ship between two points where during the transfer the ship can be either in a strong current region in the vicinity of the vortex or in a weak current region. Analysis is based on a micro-local classification of the extremals using mainly the integrability properties of the dynamics due to the rotational symmetry. The discussion is complex and related to the existence of an isolated extremal (Reeb) circle due to the vortex singularity. Explicit computation of cut points where the extremal curves cease to be optimal is given and the spheres are described in the case where at the initial point the current is weak.

scholarly journals Nonequilibrium site distribution governs charge-transfer electroluminescence at disordered organic heterointerfaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (47) ◽  
pp. 23416-23425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armantas Melianas ◽  
Nikolaos Felekidis ◽  
Yuttapoom Puttisong ◽  
Stefan C. J. Meskers ◽  
Olle Inganäs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Kinetic Monte Carlo ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Photogenerated Carrier ◽  
Weak Current ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
Reciprocity Relations

The interface between electron-donating (D) and electron-accepting (A) materials in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices is commonly probed by charge-transfer (CT) electroluminescence (EL) measurements to estimate the CT energy, which critically relates to device open-circuit voltage. It is generally assumed that during CT-EL injected charges recombine at close-to-equilibrium energies in their respective density of states (DOS). Here, we explicitly quantify that CT-EL instead originates from higher-energy DOS site distributions significantly above DOS equilibrium energies. To demonstrate this, we have developed a quantitative and experimentally calibrated model for CT-EL at organic D/A heterointerfaces, which simultaneously accounts for the charge transport physics in an energetically disordered DOS and the Franck–Condon broadening. The 0–0 CT-EL transition lineshape is numerically calculated using measured energetic disorder values as input to 3-dimensional kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. We account for vibrational CT-EL overtones by selectively measuring the dominant vibrational phonon-mode energy governing CT luminescence at the D/A interface using fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy. Our model numerically reproduces the measured CT-EL spectra and their bias dependence and reveals the higher-lying manifold of DOS sites responsible for CT-EL. Lowest-energy CT states are situated ∼180 to 570 meV below the 0–0 CT-EL transition, enabling photogenerated carrier thermalization to these low-lying DOS sites when the OPV device is operated as a solar cell rather than as a light-emitting diode. Nonequilibrium site distribution rationalizes the experimentally observed weak current-density dependence of CT-EL and poses fundamental questions on reciprocity relations relating light emission to photovoltaic action and regarding minimal attainable photovoltaic energy conversion losses in OPV devices.

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