Comparison of the effects of exogenous and endogenous hypercapnia on ventilation and oxygen uptake in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri R.)

1983 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thomas ◽  
B. Fievet ◽  
L. Barthelemy ◽  
C. Peyraud
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri

Cardiovascular changes in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) during exercise

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1135-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Randall ◽  
C. Daxboeck
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Systemic Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Control ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The effects of steady-state, aerobic swimming exercise upon the cardiovascular system of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) are discussed. When these fish are forced to swim at 80% of their critical velocity, blood flow is redistributed in the systemic circulation to favour working muscles, at the expense of decreased flow to nonmuscle structures. Given oxygen uptake and cardiac output data, combined with blood flow distribution patterns during exercise, it is calculated that the working muscles can account for nearly all the measured increase in total oxygen uptake at this level of exercise. The possible underlying mechanisms for systemic blood flow control and the increase in gas exchange efficiency across the gills of exercising rainbow trout also are examined.

The Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Across the Gills of Rainbow Trout

1967 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. RANDALL ◽  
G. F. HOLETON ◽  
E. DON STEVENS
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Uptake

1. The effectiveness of oxygen uptake by the blood of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) approaches 100%, whereas that for the removal of oxygen from water was only 11-30%. 2. Most of the carbon dioxide is removed from the blood as it passes through the gills, but the effectiveness of carbon dioxide uptake by water is very low, because of the high capacity of water for carbon dioxide compared with oxygen. 3. Moderate exercise had little effect on the effectiveness of gas exchange across the gills. The increased oxygen uptake was facilitated by an increase in the transfer factor of the gills for oxygen. There were small increases in the capacity-rate ratio of blood to water at the gills during moderate exercise. 4. Hypoxia resulted in a marked decrease in the effectiveness of oxygen uptake by the blood, but had little effect on oxygen removal from the water. Gas exchange was facilitated during hypoxia by an increase in transfer factor of the gills, but hindered by an increasing capacity-rate ratio of blood to water at the gills. 5. Gas exchange in an aquatic environment was compared with that in an aerial environment.

Gill Irrigation and Pressure Relationships in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Davis ◽  
David J. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dead Space ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Oxygen Cost ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Anatomical Dead Space ◽  
Marked Decline

In studies on 11 rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), 217.3 ± 6.5 g, 14.0 ± 0.5 C) fitted with rubber membranes for direct measurement of ventilatory water flow [Formula: see text], buccal, cleithral, and differential pressure traces increased in amptitude as [Formula: see text] rose from 40 to 160 ml/min. Ventilation rate remained steady at around 77 breaths/min in the [Formula: see text] range 40–120 ml/min and rose to 90 breaths/min at a [Formula: see text] of 175 ml/min. Oxygen uptake more than doubled as [Formula: see text] rose from 40 to 120 ml/min. Calculated utilization of oxygen from the inspired water declined only slightly over this [Formula: see text] range, indicating that large increases in nonrespiratory spillage of water (anatomical dead space) had not occurred. The calculated oxygen cost of breathing was low. Area mean differential pressure appeared closely related to [Formula: see text] over the [Formula: see text] range 40–160 ml/min. Area mean differential pressure increased from two- to four fold over this [Formula: see text] range, depending upon which individual fish was examined. Over the [Formula: see text] range 40–160 ml/min the calculated resistance of the gill sieve did not appear to decline although some variability was present and a variety of gill sieve resistances could be measured at a given [Formula: see text] for each fish. It is concluded that changes in [Formula: see text] are largely dependent on changes in mean differential pressures across the gills, with no marked decline in gill sieve resistance over the normal physiological range of [Formula: see text].

Temperature Selection of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Fingerlings in Vertical and Horizontal Gradients

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. McCauley ◽  
W. L. Pond
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Temperature Selection ◽  
Horizontal Gradients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients ◽  
Selection Of

Preferred temperatures of underyearling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were determined in both vertical and horizontal temperature gradients. No statistically significant difference was found between the preferred temperatures by the two different methods. This suggests that the nature of the gradient plays a lesser role than generally believed in laboratory investigations of temperature preference.

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