Oxygen affinities of maternal and fetal hemoglobins of the viviparous seaperch,Embiotoca lateralis

1981 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf L. Ingermann ◽  
Robert C. Terwilliger
Keyword(s):  
Embiotoca Lateralis

scholarly journals Bifunctional Role of the Sternohyoideus Muscle During Suction Feeding in Striped Surfperch, Embiotoca lateralis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Lomax ◽  
T F Martinson ◽  
Y E Jimenez ◽  
E L Brainerd
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Suction Feeding ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
Axial Muscle ◽  
Embiotoca Lateralis

Synopsis In ray-finned fishes, the sternohyoideus (SH) is among the largest muscles in the head region and, based on its size, can potentially contribute to the overall power required for suction feeding. However, the function of the SH varies interspecifically. In largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and several clariid catfishes, the SH functions similarly to a stiff ligament. In these species, the SH remains isometric and transmitts power from the hypaxial musculature to the hyoid apparatus during suction feeding. Alternatively, the SH can shorten and contribute muscle power during suction feeding, a condition observed in the bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) and one clariid catfish. An emerging hypothesis centers on SH muscle size as a predictor of function: in fishes with a large SH, the SH shortens during suction feeding, whereas in fish with a smaller SH, the muscle may remain isometric. Here, we studied striped surfperch (Embiotoca lateralis), a species in which the SH is relatively large at 8.8% of axial muscle mass compared with 4.0% for L. macrochirus and 1.7% for M. salmoides, to determine whether the SH shortens during suction feeding and is, therefore, bifunctional—both transmitting and generating power—or remains isometric and only transmits power. We measured skeletal kinematics of the neurocranium, urohyal, and cleithrum with Video Reconstruction of Moving Morphology, along with muscle strain and shortening velocity in the SH and epaxial muscles, using a new method of 3D external marker tracking. We found mean SH shortening during suction feeding strikes (n = 22 strikes from four individual E. lateralis) was 7.2 ± 0.55% (±SEM) of initial muscle length. Mean peak speed of shortening was 4.9 ± 0.65 lengths s−1, and maximum shortening speed occurred right around peak gape when peak power is generated in suction feeding. The cleithrum of E. lateralis retracts and depresses but the urohyal retracts and depresses even more, a strong indicator of a bifunctional SH capable of not only generating its own power but also transmitting hypaxial power to the hyoid. While power production in E. lateralis is still likely dominated by the axial musculature, since even the relatively large SH of E. lateralis is only 8.8% of axial muscle mass, the SH may contribute a meaningful amount of power given its continual shortening just prior to peak gape across all strikes. These results support the finding from other groups of fishes that a large SH muscle, relative to axial muscle mass, is likely to both generate and transmit power during suction feeding.

Comparative Feeding Ecology of a Kelp-Bed Embiotocid (Embiotoca lateralis)

Copeia ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (4) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Alevizon
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Kelp Bed ◽  
Embiotoca Lateralis

Pectoral fin beat frequency predicts oxygen consumption during spontaneous activity in a labriform swimming fish (Embiotoca lateralis)

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Tudorache ◽  
Anders D. Jordan ◽  
Jon C. Svendsen ◽  
Paolo Domenici ◽  
G. DeBoeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Embiotoca Lateralis

Zschokkella embiotocidis sp.n. (Protozoa, Myxosporida) from California pile perch, Damalichthys vacca, and striped perch, Embiotoca lateralis

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1403-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Moser ◽  
Lewis Haldorson
Keyword(s):  
Central California ◽  
Embiotoca Lateralis

Zschokkella embiotocidis sp.n. was found in the gallbladders of Damalichthys vacca and Embiotoca lateralis from Diablo Cove off central California.

Respiratory Adaptations of Prenatal Young in the Ovary of two Species of Viviparous Seaperch, Rhacochilus vacca and Embiotoca lateralis

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1525-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Webb ◽  
J. R. Brett
Keyword(s):  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Ovarian Fluid ◽  
Ovary Weight ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Embiotoca Lateralis ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Exchange Surface

The structure of the ovary and embryos of embiotocids is reviewed in relation to those factors that would affect the exchange of materials between ovarian and embryonic blood streams. Weight, exchange surface areas (particularly of the fins), diffusion distances, and capillary densities were measured for prenatal young and ovaries of two species of Embiotocidae, Rhacochilus vacca and Embiotoca lateralis, during middle and late gestation. Brood size and ovarian fluid volume were also measured. Changes in brood weight and ovarian fluid volumes were interpreted in relation to the load imposed on the ovary by the young. This was expressed as the brood/ovary weight ratio which was found to increase during gestation to a maximum value of eight. Changes in exchange surface areas and diffusion distances of the young and the ovary were determined and evaluated in relation to the metabolic requirements of the brood. Convection of the ovarian fluid must occur as a necessary mechanism for efficient exchange of materials with increasing brood/ovary weight ratio. It is further concluded that the supply of materials to the brood would be limited by ovarian blood-flow characteristics rather than structural considerations, except immediately prior to parturition.

Gait transition and oxygen consumption in swimming striped surfperch Embiotoca lateralis Agassiz

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1612-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cannas ◽  
J. Schaefer ◽  
P. Domenici ◽  
J. F. Steffensen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Gait Transition ◽  
Embiotoca Lateralis
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