Surface tension of liquid4He. Surface energy of the Bose-Einstein condensate

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Iino ◽  
M. Suzuki ◽  
A. J. Ikushima
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein

Surface tension of liquid 4He and 3He

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1505-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira J. Ikushima ◽  
Masaaki Iino ◽  
Masaru Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Wave ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Resonance Method ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Capillary Rise Method ◽  
Wave Resonance ◽  
Bose Einstein

Surface tensions of liquid 4He and 3He have been measured down to 0.3 K by using the surface-wave resonance method. Measurements with 3He have been made further, down to 20 mK, by the capillary-rise method. Liquid 4He shows a T7/3 temperature dependence up to approximately 1 K, indicating that the ripplon excitation is the predominant contributor in this temperature range. It is concluded with the superfluid 4He that the "surface energy" of the Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) gives a major contribution to the surface tension, from which we have deduced n0, the fraction of BEC. Liquid 3He shows a T2 temperature dependence from 0.3 K to about 1 K. The result is attributed to both the effect of 3He quasi particles, which hit the surface, and the ripplon. The latter has never been seriously thought to exist on the 3He surface.An unexpected behavior of the 3He surface tension has been found below approximately 200 mK. The surface tension does not obey the T2 temperature dependence but deviates downward around 200 mK.Surface tensions of 4He and 3He have been measured also in the vicinities of liquid–vapor critical points.

scholarly journals Transport of a Single Cold Ion Immersed in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dieterle ◽  
M. Berngruber ◽  
C. Hölzl ◽  
R. Löw ◽  
K. Jachymski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein

scholarly journals Ultrafast electron cooling in an expanding ultracold plasma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kroker ◽  
Mario Großmann ◽  
Klaus Sengstock ◽  
Markus Drescher ◽  
Philipp Wessels-Staarmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Electron Cooling ◽  
Plasma Dynamics ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Ultracold Plasma ◽  
Strongly Coupled Plasma ◽  
Bose Einstein

AbstractPlasma dynamics critically depends on density and temperature, thus well-controlled experimental realizations are essential benchmarks for theoretical models. The formation of an ultracold plasma can be triggered by ionizing a tunable number of atoms in a micrometer-sized volume of a 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) by a single femtosecond laser pulse. The large density combined with the low temperature of the BEC give rise to an initially strongly coupled plasma in a so far unexplored regime bridging ultracold neutral plasma and ionized nanoclusters. Here, we report on ultrafast cooling of electrons, trapped on orbital trajectories in the long-range Coulomb potential of the dense ionic core, with a cooling rate of 400 K ps−1. Furthermore, our experimental setup grants direct access to the electron temperature that relaxes from 5250 K to below 10 K in less than 500 ns.

scholarly journals Derivation of the Landau–Pekar Equations in a Many-Body Mean-Field Limit

2021 ◽  
Vol 240 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-417
Author(s):  
Nikolai Leopold ◽  
David Mitrouskas ◽  
Robert Seiringer
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Back Reaction ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Field Limit ◽  
Mean Field Limit ◽  
Phonon Field ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Weakly Couple ◽  
Bose Einstein

AbstractWe consider the Fröhlich Hamiltonian in a mean-field limit where many bosonic particles weakly couple to the quantized phonon field. For large particle numbers and a suitably small coupling, we show that the dynamics of the system is approximately described by the Landau–Pekar equations. These describe a Bose–Einstein condensate interacting with a classical polarization field, whose dynamics is effected by the condensate, i.e., the back-reaction of the phonons that are created by the particles during the time evolution is of leading order.

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