Determination of the optimum time interval between the changes in the flame direction in regenerator furnaces

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 798-800
Author(s):  
V. S. Kocho ◽  
A. I. Kukarkin ◽  
N. L. Shevchenko ◽  
N. N. Kovshar
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Flame Direction

DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM TIME INTERVAL OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA USED WITH ATMOSPHERIC DOSE MODELING AT SRS

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-715
Author(s):  
Ali A. Simpkins ◽  
Matthew J. Parker ◽  
Allen H. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Optimum Time

High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Memantine in Human Urine Following Solid-Phase Extraction and Precolumn Derivatization

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Michail ◽  
Hoda Daabees ◽  
Youssef Beltagy ◽  
Magdy Abd Elkhalek ◽  
Mona Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Uv Detector

Abstract A validated HPLC-UV method is presented for the quantification of urinary memantine hydrochloride, a novel medication approved to treat moderate and advanced cases of Alzheimer's disease. The drug and amantadine hydrochloride, the internal standard, were extracted from human urine using SPE. The extract was then buffered and derivatized at room temperature using o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cyteine. Chromatographic separation of the formed derivatives was achieved on a C18 column using methanol–water mobile phase adjusted to pH 7 and pumped isocratically at 1 mL/min. The UV detector was set at 340 nm. The chromatographic run time did not exceed 10 min. The LOD and LOQ were 8 and 20 ng/mL, respectively. The RSDs for intraday and interday precisions did not exceed 5.5%. The method was used to monitor memantine hydrochloride in human urine in order to determine an appropriate sampling interval for future noninvasive therapeutic drug monitoring. The assay could also be applied to the determination of amantadine. The described assay showed that a postdosing time interval of 25–75 h seems adequate for sampling and monitoring memantine in urine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Optimal Occasional Tilt on Photovoltaic Power Plant Energy Efficiency and Land Use Requirements, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10213
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Fathi ◽  
Masoomeh Bararzadeh Ledari ◽  
Yadollah Saboohi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Equal Time ◽  
Geographical Regions

The paper studies the optimum panel horizontal orientation angle toward the Sun and the optimum time interval of the panel’s movement. The optimum time intervals or panel movement can change the rate of input energy to the panel surface in Iran. For this purpose, a neural network has been trained to estimate the intensity of solar radiation in Iran. After model validation, the intensity of solar radiation has been estimated by selecting adequate geographical regions. Based on the intensity of sunlight, Iran has been divided into ten regions. In these regions, 40 cities have been randomly selected to study the effect of the panel’s angle variations within appropriate time intervals, as well as equal time intervals. The results show that the choice of the mounting system with the possibility of five angles’ implementation can increase the amount of solar energy between 3.9% and 7.4%. Compared to this number of angles at the equal time intervals, the amount of incoming solar energy has increased by 3% to 7%. In the first and second cases, the area of the power plant increases by about 12% to 24% compared to the yearly optimum tilt angle. Moreover, the amount of radiation incoming to the panel with the optimum operating angle is in alignment with the results of PVsyst software.

Lack of Agreement of Tympanic Membrane Temperature Assessments With Conventional Methods in a Private Practice Setting

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-386
Author(s):  
Gary L. Freed ◽  
J. Kennard Fraley
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Temperature Determination ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Clinical Instrument ◽  
Lower Limits

An infrared tympanic membrane thermometer (FIRST temp) said to approximate core temperature accurately is being marketed as a noninvasive, quick, and easy-to-use clinical instrument. The determination of tympanic membrane temperatures by this device was compared with the determination of oral, rectal, or axillary temperatures by a conventional glass thermometer. Subjects were patients of a pediatric group practice in Houston, Texas. FIRST temp and conventional temperature determinations on individual patients were completed within 5 minutes of each other. The presence or absence of otitis media was noted by the examining physician. Agreement between the two methods of temperature determination was assessed by calculating limits of agreement within which 95% (±2 standard deviations) of individual differences would fall. The location of conventional thermometer (oral, rectal, axillary), time interval between the two separate measures, and the presence or absence of otitis media were entered into a multiple regression analysis to determine whether these factors influenced the observed differences between the two methods. A total of 144 patients were enrolled in the study; oral comparisons were obtained in 92 (57%) patients, rectal in 35 (24%), and axillary in 29 (19%). The upper and lower limits of agreement between temperature methods were 1.12°C and 0.89°C and the mean difference was –0.12°C. Regression analysis revealed that only the site of conventional thermometer location (oral, rectal, axillary) was a significant predictor of FIRST temp/conventional differences. Each site had a range of agreement greater than 1.65°C; axillary temperatures had the greatest range (–0.94°C to +1.30°C). Although ease and time reduction with use are attractive properties of the FIRST temp device, these data show that it is unreliable compared with conventional methods of temperature determination.

Identification of Forces in Vibrating Plates by Pointwise and Line Observations: Uniqueness and Stability

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Finite Time ◽  
Large Time ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Finite Time Interval ◽  
Line Parallel ◽  
Vibrating Plates ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Spatially Varying

Abstract We consider determination of spatially varying external forces in a rectangle vibrating plate from displacement observed along a line parallel to a side of the plate over a finite time interval. For a suitable choice of the line and a sufficient large time interval, we prove the uniqueness of external forces and estimate them by appropriate norm of displacement. Moreover we discuss determination of external forces from displacement observed at a single point over a time interval.

scholarly journals KAPASITAS ADSORPSI SERBUK NATA DE COCO (BACTERIAL SELLULOSE) TERHADAP ION Pb2+ MENGGUNAKAN METODE BATCH

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
C. A. Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Method ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Pattern Approach ◽  
Size Characterization

The purpose of this research is determine adsorption capacity of nata de coco powder to the ion Pb2+. Nata de coco is a cellulose derived from the fermentation of Acetobacter xylinum bacteria. Nata de coco powder is made by  mashed nata de coco then heated at 80oC,  mashed and sifted up to 30-40 mesh size. Characterization includes  determination of  moisture content, ash content, density and amount of iodine adsorbed. Optimum contact time using batch method with time variation are 20, 40, and 60 minutes. The determination of the capacity of adsorption using the isotherm pattern of Langmuir and Freundlich using variation  concentrations Pb2+ 15, 30, 45, and 60 ppm. Amount of adsorbed ion Pb2+ measured by using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at a maximum wavelength of  Pb2+ that is 283 nm. The results showed that the optimum time was reached at 60 minutes. Adsorption pattern  approach to the Freundlich’s Isotherm models with an adsorption capacity  2.34 mg/g.   Keywords: adsorption capacity, Freundlich’s isotherm, ion Pb2+, nata de coco powder

scholarly journals Detection of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 by biochemical, serological, and PCR methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Simonová ◽  
M. Vázlerová ◽  
I. Steinhauserová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
Time Consumption ◽  
Serotype O

In this study, the pathogenic <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> of serotype O:3 was monitored. The serotype is widely spread in Europe and has been linked to human yersiniosis. For the detection of pathogenic strains were used biochemical and serological methods as well as PCR methods based on the identification of virulence genes (<i>ail</i>, <i>rfbC</i>, <i>ystA</i>, <i>yadA</i>, <i>virF</i>). The occurrence of <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> O:3 strains was monitored in slaughter animals from a number of farms in the Czech Republic. A total of 3748 samples were collected coming from pigs (1388), cattle (633), poultry (902), and slaughter facilities (825). Fifty-two <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> O:3 isolates were identified by biochemical and serologic methods, and 53 <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> O:3 isolates were identified by PCR methods (46 isolates from pigs, 2 isolates from poultry, 3 isolates from cattle, and 2 isolates from a poultry slaughtering facility). All isolates of <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> O:3 carried genes <i>ail</i> and <i>rfbC</i>, 83% isolates carried gene <i>ystA</i>, 79% isolates carried gene <i>yadA</i> and 49% isolates carried gene <i>virF</i>. The use of PCR methods based on the identification of <i>ail</i> and <i>rfbC</i> genes provides for a sufficiently specific identification of pathogenic <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> O:3 strains with optimum time consumption compared to biochemical and serological methods. It is not recommendable to use other PCR methods (detection of the <i>ystA, <i>yadA</i>, and <i>virF</i> genes) for the detection of pathogenic <i>Y. enterocolitica</i> strains because those methods are not very specific for the determination of pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Determination of Resonance terms using Optical Observations of Two Meteosat Satellites

1997 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
U. Hugentobler ◽  
T. Schildknecht ◽  
G. Beutler
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pressure ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Laser Ranging ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Orbital Parameters ◽  
Adjustment Procedure ◽  
Relative Errors

AbstractDuring an observation campaign in winter 94/95 astrometric positions from Meteosat 4 and 5 were acquired at the Zimmerwald observatory using a CCD camera mounted in the prime focus of the 0.5 m Satellite Laser Ranging telescope. The measurements cover a time interval of four months, their precision is of the order of .The modeling of radiation pressure for the small, cylindrically shaped satellites is relatively easy and they are therefore excellent objects to probe the geopotential. The orbital parameters and the radiation pressure coefficients for the two satellites as well as the resonant coefficients C22, S22 of the geopotential were determined by a single least square adjustment procedure including all the Zimmerwald observations. The relative errors estimated for the terms C22 and S22 are of the order of 1 ÷ 3 · 10−4.

scholarly journals Determination of Critically Objects of Electric Power Systems from the Position of Energy Security

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 03009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Krupenev
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
The Given

The paper deal the problem of definition and ranking of critical objects (CO) in electric power systems (EPS). The identification of the CO is necessary for the timely adoption of measures to organize the provision of the required level of energy security of the region where the object is location. The adequacy model is used for determine the critical objects of EPS, within the framework of which the simulation of the functioning of EPS during the given time interval is carried out, taking into account the main random factors affecting its operation. Approbation of the proposed approach is presented on the interconnected power system.

scholarly journals Analysis of assessment criteria for selected systems of transport means operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Łukasz Muślewski ◽  
Leszek Knopik ◽  
Bogdan Landowski ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Time Moment ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sociotechnical System ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Technical Systems

The problems discussed in the study are connected with evaluation of complex technical systems functioning, in particular, transport systems. It was assumed that evaluation of their functioning depends on fulfilment degree of selected criteria. Therefore, it is important to determine a set of criteria including their type, number and importance. Since the research object is a public city transport system considered to be a sociotechnical system of the type: human (driver) –machine (vehicle) and the environment <H-M-E>, the criteria to be used for the assessment must include behavior of humans, operation of transport means, and the environmental impact. Thus, selection and determination of importance of significant, time variable, measurable and independent characteristics whose values, in a given time moment or a given time interval, define fulfillment degree of the criteria provide the basis for evaluation of such systems functioning. The quality of technical systems functioning in time is assessed on the basis of the criteria fulfilment degree or comparison and classification of different systems of the same type. It needs to be emphasized that the choice of optimal methods for selection of relevant criteria and determination of their impact on the analyzed system functioning is the research subject of study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document