Electron-muon mass ratio and the masses of their neutrinos

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-581
Author(s):  
Chandra Raju
Keyword(s):  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Muon Mass ◽  
The Masses

On the Stability of the Linearly Related Modes of Certain Nonlinear Two-Degree-of-Freedom Systems

1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Positive Mass ◽  
Fourth Degree ◽  
Real Roots ◽  
General Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Spring Constants ◽  
Two Degree Of Freedom

This paper presents a method for analyzing a pair of coupled nonlinear differential equations of the Duffing type in order to determine whether linearly related modal oscillations of the system are possible. The system has two masses, a coupling spring and two anchor springs. For the systems studied, the anchor springs are symmetric but the masses are not. The method requires the solution of a polynomial of fourth degree which reduces to a quadratic because of the symmetric springs. The roots are a function of the spring constants. When a particular set of spring constants is chosen, roots can be found which are then used to set the necessary mass ratio for linear modal oscillations. Limits on the ranges of spring-constant ratios for real roots and positive-mass ratios are given. A general stability analysis is presented with expressions for the stability in terms of the spring constants and masses. Two specific examples are given.

Investigation of logarithmic contributions in the electron-to-muon mass ratio to the shift of the S energy levels in the muonium atom

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Boikova ◽  
S. V. Kleshchevskaya ◽  
Yu. N. Tyukhtyaev ◽  
R. N. Faustov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Muonium Atom ◽  
Muon Mass

On the electron-muon mass ratio

1975 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
D. Dillenburg ◽  
Th.A.J. Maris
Keyword(s):  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Muon Mass

scholarly journals Higgs-Kibble Mechanism and the Electron-Muon Mass Ratio

1978 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nishijima ◽  
H. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Muon Mass

Kinetic measurement of the urinary production rate of cortisol in male piglets: is the prerequisite 'collection until all label has disappeared' necessary?

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. B. Kraan ◽  
T. E. Chapman ◽  
N. M. Drayer ◽  
B. Colenbrander ◽  
G. Buwalda
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Total Radioactivity ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Neonatal Infants

ABSTRACT Urinary cortisol production rate (CPR) was calculated by two different methods in five male piglets (about 3 kg bodyweight) injected i.v. with 40–120 kBq tritiated cortisol ([3H]F). After administration of [3H]F, urine was obtained from four consecutive collections for the following 2 days, during which 80–100% of the label was recovered. Total radioactivity in the urine was measured and used to calculate the total rate constant of 0·115 ± 0·011 h−1 and, from this, the mean biological half-life (t½) of 6·0±0·6 h (s.d.; n = 4). It was found that the mass ratio of the two principal urinary cortisol metabolites tetrahydrocortisone (THE) and tetrahydrocortisol (THF) was strikingly less than 1·0 (0·4±0·1; n= 14), which is the reverse of that observed in older pigs, neonatal infants and man. To calculate CPR conventionally, the cumulative specific activities of THE and THF were calculated for the 2-day period of urine collection. The apparent mean CPR values on the basis of THE and THF were calculated as 11·5±1·6 (n = 5) and 12·8 ± 3·3 (n = 5) μmol/day respectively, and 12·1 ± 1·4 (n = 5) μmol/day for the average of THE and THF. The second method for calculating CPR consisted of determining the masses of THE and THF (μmol) per fraction of dose (m/fd) (fd refers to the ratio of radioactivity in the metabolite and dose) at different times after administration of [3H]F. The calculated m/fd values, which are synonymous with the dose divided by the specific activities of the metabolites, and the different times of urine collection were analysed by linear regression. The resulting slope is equal to the CPR. The CPR derived by this method for the average of THE and THF, 10·1±0·91 μmol/ day was significantly (P<0·014) lower than that derived conventionally, 12·1 ± 1·40 μmol/day. This second method may be used when CPR is determined in neonatal infants by means of non-radioactive, deuterated or 13C-enriched cortisol, where the extent of negative feedback by the relatively high dose of exogenous steroid on cortisol secretion must be kept as low as possible. This method also allows urine collections to be used at times when the tracer is still being excreted. J. Endocr. (1986) 111, 439–448

scholarly journals Testing dark matter with the anomalous magnetic moment in a dark matter quantum electrodynamics model

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (33) ◽  
pp. 1750175
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Das ◽  
Jorge Gamboa ◽  
Fernando Méndez ◽  
Natalia Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Anomalous Magnetic Moment ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Heavy Fermions ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Visible Photon

We consider a model of dark quantum electrodynamics (QEDs) which is coupled to a visible photon through a kinetic mixing term. We compute the [Formula: see text] for the dark fermion, where [Formula: see text] is its gyromagnetic factor. We show that the [Formula: see text] of the dark fermion is related to the [Formula: see text] of (visible) QEDs through a constant which depends on the kinetic mixing factor. We determine [Formula: see text] as a function of the mass ratio [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] denote the masses of the dark photon and the dark fermion, respectively, and we show how [Formula: see text] becomes very different for light and heavy fermions around [Formula: see text] eV.

Using the Mass Ratio to Induce Band Gaps in a 1D Array of Nonlinearly Coupled Oscillators

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Bernard ◽  
Jeffrey W. Peyser ◽  
Brian P. Mann ◽  
David P. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Coupled Oscillators ◽  
Stable Equilibrium ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Propagation Zone ◽  
The Masses

A one dimensional system of nonlinearly coupled magnetic oscillators has been studied. After deriving the equations of motion for each oscillator, the system is linearized about a stable equilibrium and studied using an assumed solution form for a traveling wave. Wave propagation and attenuation regions are predicted by reducing the system of equations to a standard eigenvalue problem. Through evaluating these equations across the entire irreducible Brillouin zone, it is determined that when the masses of each oscillator are identical, the entire frequency range of the system is a propagation zone. By varying the masses comprising a unit cell, band gaps are observed. It is shown that the mass ratio can be used to guide both the size and location of these band gaps. Numerical simulations are performed to support our analytical findings.

scholarly journals An empirical fit for viscoelastic simulations of tertiary tides

2019 ◽  
Vol 491 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-271
Author(s):  
Yan Gao ◽  
Silvia Toonen ◽  
Evgeni Grishin ◽  
Tom Comerford ◽  
Matthias U Kruckow
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Triple System ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Empirical Expression ◽  
Triple Systems ◽  
Tidal Interactions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Computationally Expensive ◽  
The Masses

ABSTRACT Tertiary tides (TTs), or the continuous tidal distortion of the tertiary in a hierarchical triple system, can extract energy from the inner binary, inducing within it a proclivity to merge. Despite previous work on the subject, which established that it is significant for certain close triple systems, it is still not a well-understood process. A portion of our ignorance in this regard stems from our inability to integrate a simulation of this phenomenon into conventional stellar evolution codes, since full calculations of these tidal interactions are computationally expensive on stellar evolution time-scales. Thus, to attain a better understanding of how these TTs act on longer time-scales, an empirical expression of its effects as a function of parameters of the triple system involved is required. In this work, we evaluate the rate at which TTs extract energy from the inner binary within a series of constructed hierarchical triple systems under varying parameters, and study the rate at which the inner binary orbital separation shrinks as a function of those parameters. We find that this rate varies little with the absolute values of the masses of the three component objects, but is very sensitive to the mass ratio of the inner binary q, the tertiary radius R3, the inner binary orbital separation a1, the outer orbital separation a2, and the viscoelastic relaxation time of the tertiary τ. More specifically, we find that the percentage by which a1 shrinks per unit time can be reasonably approximated by (1/a1)(da1/dt) = (2.22 × 10−8 yr−1)4q(1 + q)−2(R3/100 R⊙)5.2(a1/0.2 au)4.8(a2/2 au)−10.2 (τ/0.534 yr)−1.0. We also provide tests of how precise this fitting function is.

scholarly journals Mass-Ratio Determination in Contact Binaries

1974 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 199-199
Author(s):  
J. B. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Recent Theoretical Work ◽  
Mass Ratios ◽  
Contact Binaries ◽  
Ratio Determination ◽  
The Masses

In the wake of recent theoretical work on contact systems (e.g. Whelan, 1972; Biermann and Thomas, 1972; Lucy, 1968), it is of importance to determine fundamental data from observations. This has been done recently by several groups in analysing light curves (Mochnacki and Doughty, 1972; Hutchings and Hill, 1973; Wilson and Devinney, 1973), and it is found that shapes, temperature differences and distributions, and mass-ratios, can be determined in many cases. However, where spectroscopic data are also available, the mass-ratios are not always in agreement. Using the photometric models, it is possible (Hutchings, 1973) to calculate the distortion of line profiles resulting (primarily) from the non-uniform brightness over the component stars in these systems. This distortion leads to the characteristically observed ‘square’ velocity curves for the systems (e.g. Binnendijk, 1967). Correction for the effect in most cases (a) resolves the mass-ratio discrepancy and (b) leads to better estimates for the masses. The faintness of most contact systems makes detailed spectroscopy difficult, but there appears to be a need for further work in the directions outlined here to improve the fundamental data available on them. These results should also be borne in mind in inspecting previous work on contact binaries.

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