The motion of negative ions in liquid helium in strong electric fields

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bowley
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Helium ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Strong Electric Fields

Calculation of the probability of optical transitions in strong electric fields

2000 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Bulyarskii ◽  
N. S. Grushko ◽  
A. V. Zhukov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Optical Transitions ◽  
Strong Electric Fields

Electrohydrodynamic rotation of drops at large electric Reynolds numbers

2016 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Yariv ◽  
Itzchak Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Weakly Conducting ◽  
Strong Electric Fields ◽  
Quincke Rotation ◽  
Asymmetric Solution

When subject to sufficiently strong electric fields, particles and drops suspended in a weakly conducting liquid exhibit spontaneous rotary motion. This so-called Quincke rotation is a fascinating example of nonlinear symmetry-breaking phenomena. To illuminate the rotation of liquid drops we here analyse the asymptotic limit of large electric Reynolds numbers, $\mathit{Re}\gg 1$, within the framework of a two-dimensional Taylor–Melcher electrohydrodynamic model. A non-trivial dominant balance in this singular limit results in both the fluid velocity and surface-charge density scaling as $\mathit{Re}^{-1/2}$. The flow is governed by a self-contained nonlinear boundary-value problem that does not admit a continuous fore–aft symmetric solution, thus necessitating drop rotation. Furthermore, thermodynamic arguments reveal that a fore–aft asymmetric solution exists only when charge relaxation within the suspending liquid is faster than that in the drop. The flow problem possesses both mirror-image (with respect to the direction of the external field) and flow-reversal symmetries; it is transformed into a universal one, independent of the ratios of electric conductivities and dielectric permittivities in the respective drop phase and suspending liquid phase. The rescaled angular velocity is found to depend weakly upon the viscosity ratio. The corresponding numerical solutions of the exact equations indeed collapse at large $\mathit{Re}$ upon the asymptotically calculated universal solution.

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