Factors affecting the kinetics of two benzothiazine non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines, piroxicam and isoxicam

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Edwards ◽  
D. G. Ferry ◽  
A. J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Kinetics Of

An (Anti)-Inflammatory Microbiota: Defining the Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Burman ◽  
E.C. Hoedt ◽  
S. Pottenger ◽  
N.-S. Mohd-Najman ◽  
P. Ó Cuív ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ecological Fitness ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

While it is now accepted that the gut microbiota contribute to the genotype-environment-lifestyle interactions triggering inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) episodes, efforts to identify the pathogen(s) that cause these diseases have met with limited success. The advent of culture-independent techniques for characterizing the structure and/or function of microbial communities (hereafter referred to as metagenomics) has provided new insights into the events associated with the onset, remission and recurrence of IBD. A large number of observational and/or case-control studies of IBD patients have confirmed substantive changes in gut bacterial profiles (dysbiosis) associated with disease. These types of studies have been augmented by new profiling approaches that support the identification of more ‘colitogenic' bacteria from numerically predominant taxa. Evidence of alterations in lesser abundant taxa such as the methanogenic archaea, to favor types that are more immunogenic, has also been forthcoming. Several recent longitudinal studies of patients with Crohn's disease have produced additional insights, including evidence for the role of ‘anti-inflammatory' microbiota in providing a protective effect and/or promoting remission. In summation, the implications of dysbiosis and restoration of a ‘healthy microbiota' in IBD patients requires definition beyond a taxonomic assessment of the changes in the gut microbiota during disease course. The available evidence does suggest that specific members of the gut microbiota can contribute either pro- or anti-inflammatory effects, and their ecological fitness in the large bowel affects the onset and recurrence of IBD. While metagenomics and related approaches offer the potential to provide novel and important insights into these microbiota and thereby the pathophysiology of IBD, we also need to better understand factors affecting the ecological fitness of these microbes, if new treatment of IBD patients are to be delivered.

Factors Affecting the Kinetics of Urea Hydrolysis via Sporoscarcina pasteurii

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Safavizadeh ◽  
Brina M. Montoya ◽  
Mohammed A. Gabr ◽  
Detlef R. U. Knappe
Keyword(s):  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Kinetics Of

Factors affecting anti-inflammatory effect of chitooligosaccharides in lipopolysaccharides-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 6655-6658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Mahinda Senevirathne ◽  
Chang-Bum Ahn ◽  
Se-Kwon Kim ◽  
Jae-Young Je
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophage ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Effect of Laser Surface Modification on the Crystallinity of Poly(L-Lactic Acid)

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anubha Bhatla ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Laser Surface Modification ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Annealing Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Crystallinity of semicrystalline polymers such as aliphatic homopolymer poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) affects their degradation and physical properties. In this paper, the effects of laser irradiation using the third harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser on the crystallinity, long-range order, and short-range conformations at the surface of PLLA films are investigated. The factors affecting the transformation are also studied. Detailed characterization of the effect of laser treatment is accomplished using microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The cooling rates in the process and the spatial and temporal temperature profiles are numerically examined. The simulation results in conjunction with melting and crystallization kinetics of PLLA are used to understand the effect on sample crystallinity. The effects of laser fluence and annealing conditions on the crystallinity of the processed films are examined. Since degradation profiles depend on crystallinity, laser processing can potentially be used to achieve a modified spatially controlled polymer surface with promising applications such as controlled drug delivery.

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