Permissible limits for occupational exposure to inorganic lead and the blood lead ? Air lead relationship

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Inorganic Lead

Effects of Occupational Exposure to Inorganic Lead on Neuromuscular Functioning

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
John D. Repko ◽  
John A. Nicholson ◽  
Ben B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
The Body ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Inorganic Lead ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Neuromuscular Functioning

In an investigation of the behavioral effects of Occupational Exposure to lead, nineteen measures of neuromuscular performance and five measures of the body burden of lead were obtained from 316 experimental and 112 control subjects. The experimental subjects were volunteers from among workers exposed to inorganic lead at their jobs in three storage (lead-acid) battery manufacturing companies; the controls were volunteers from companies involved in other various types of light manufacturing. The relationships among the measures of neuromuscular functioning and body burden of lead were determined through the use of correlation and multiple-regression analyses. The results of these analyses suggest that functional capacity decreased in terms of tremor and eye-hand coordination but increased in terms of muscular strength. In addition, the data suggest that these changes occur on the preferred side and at blood-lead levels between 70 and 79 micrograms per cent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blood Lead Levels and Their Effects on Hematological Parameters and Renal Function in Iranian Lead Mine Workers

Health Scope ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razzagh Rahimpoor ◽  
Maryam Rostami ◽  
Mohammad Javad Assari ◽  
Ahmad Mirzaei ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zare
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mine Workers

Background: Lead toxicity has become a growing health concern in countries such as Iran. However, little information is available on the assessment and evaluation of the health effects of lead exposure in mine workers. Objectives: The present study assessed the occupational exposure to lead and examine the association of blood lead (PbB) levels with hematological and kidney function parameters in mine workers. Methods: In this matched case-control study, the level of PbB was measured in 100 workers (70 exposed and 30 non-exposed), and then its relationship was evaluated with complete blood count (CBC) parameters, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), urea, blood creatinine levels, urinary δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), coproporphyrin, and creatinine levels. Results: The results showed a linear and significant relationship between the PbB level and B-ZPP, U-ALA, U-coproporphyrin, and U-creatinine levels in states of PbB levels > 20 μg/dL in a time and dose-dependent manner. A significant relationship was observed between the PbB level and the years of occupational exposure to lead and the B-urea level (P-value < 0.03). Conclusions: Chronic occupational exposure to lead decreased hematocrit, RDW-CV, MCV, MCH, and HGB values but did not significantly change RBC counts. Therefore, a regular assessment of routine blood parameters (such as CBC and ZPP) and renal function indices can be effectively used to monitor the toxic effects of lead exposure.

Past Occupational Exposure to Lead: Association Between Current Blood Lead and Bone Lead

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Morrow ◽  
Herbert L. Needleman ◽  
Christine McFarland ◽  
Kim Metheny ◽  
Michael Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Bone Lead

scholarly journals Lead Toxicity in a Family as a Result of Occupational Exposure

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryapu Raviraja ◽  
Gaja Babu ◽  
Anita Bijoor ◽  
Geraldine Menezes ◽  
Thuppil Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lead Levels

Lead Toxicity in a Family as a Result of Occupational ExposureThis article describes an entire family manufacturing lead acid batteries who all suffered from lead poisoning. The family of five lived in a house, part of which had been used for various stages of battery production for 14 years. Open space was used for drying batteries. They all drank water from a well located on the premises. Evaluation of biomarkers of lead exposure and/or effect revealed alarming blood lead levels [(3.92±0.94) μmol L-1], 50 % reduction in the activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase [(24.67±5.12) U L-1] and an increase in zinc protoporphyrin [(1228±480) μg L-1]. Liver function tests showed an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase [(170.41±41.82) U L-1]. All other liver function test parameters were normal. Renal function tests showed an increase in serum uric acid [(515.81±86.29) μmol L-1] while urea and creatinine were normal. Serum calcium was low [(1.90±0.42) mmol L-1in women and (2.09±0.12) mmol L-1in men], while blood pressure was high in the head of the family and his wife and normal in children. Lead concentration in well water was estimated to 180 μg L-1. The family was referred to the National Referral Centre for Lead Poisoning in India, were they were received treatment and were informed about the hazards of lead poisoning. A follow up three months later showed a slight decrease in blood lead levels and a significant increase in haemoglobin. These findings can be attributed to behavioural changes adopted by the family, even though they continued producing lead batteries.

Human Erythrocyte Glutathione Reductase and Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activities in Normal Subjects and in Persons Exposed to Lead

1974 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Sulphydryl Groups ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

1. Blood lead and erythrocyte glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P-D) activities were measured in normal subjects and in those with occupational exposure to lead. 2. With increasing blood lead concentration, GSSG-R activity increases and that of G6P-D decreases. 3. It is suggested that these changes represent part of a compensatory mechanism to overcome the reduction of sulphydryl groups by lead ions.

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