Spinal cord compression in thalassemia major: value of MR imaging

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ziegler ◽  
M. Lange ◽  
W. Feiden ◽  
T. Vogl
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Cord Compression

The use of flexion-extension magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating signal intensity changes of the cervical spinal cord

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kern H. Guppy ◽  
Mark Hawk ◽  
Indro Chakrabarti ◽  
Amit Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Dynamic Mr

The authors present 2 cases involving patients who presented with myelopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed spinal cord signal changes on T2-weighted images without any spinal cord compression. Flexion-extension plain radiographs of the spine showed no instability. Dynamic MR imaging of the cervical spine, however, showed spinal cord compression on extension. Compression of the spinal cord was caused by dynamic anulus bulging and ligamentum flavum buckling. This report emphasizes the need for dynamic MR imaging of the cervical spine for evaluating spinal cord changes on neutral position MR imaging before further workup for other causes such as demyelinating disease.

A remotely controlled model of spinal cord compression injury in mice: toward real-time analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Kouyoumdjian ◽  
Nicolas Lonjon ◽  
Monica Prieto ◽  
Henri Haton ◽  
Alain Privat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Compression Injury

Object To date, there has been no efficient therapeutic approach to spinal cord injuries (SCIs). This may be attributable, at least in part, to difficulties in forming predictive and accurate experimental animal models. The authors' previous studies have identified 2 relevant conditions of such a model. The first condition is the ability to compare data derived from rat models of SCI by developing mouse models of SCI that permit access to a large range of transgenic models. The second condition is that the exploration of the consequences of each mechanism of spinal trauma requires modeling the different etiologic aspects of the injury. Methods To fulfill these 2 conditions a new model of mouse spinal cord compression injury was devised using a thread-driven olive-shaped compressive device. The authors characterized early motor, sensory, and histological outcomes using 3 olive diameters and different compression durations. Results A gradual and reproducible functional severity that correlated with lesion extension was demonstrated in 76 mice. To further substantiate the characterization of this model, a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist was administered in 30 mice, which demonstrated the involvement of excitotoxicity in this model. Conclusions The study demonstrated that spinal olive-compression injury in the mouse is a reproducible, well-characterized, and predictable model for analyzing early events after SCI. The nonmagnetic and remotely controlled design of this model will allow completion of the lesion while the animal is in the MR imaging apparatus, thus permitting further real-time MR imaging studies that will provide insights into the characterization of early events in the spatial and temporal evolution of SCI. Moreover, this model lays the foundation for future in vivo studies of functional and histological outcomes following SCI in genetically engineered animals.

Spinal cord compression due to ossification of ligaments: MR imaging.

Radiology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Yamashita ◽  
M Takahashi ◽  
Y Matsuno ◽  
Y Sakamoto ◽  
K Yoshizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression

Anterior and posterior decompressive surgery for progressive amyotrophy associated with cervical spondylosis: a retrospective study of 51 patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenzo Uchida ◽  
Hideaki Nakajima ◽  
Takafumi Yayama ◽  
Ryuichiro Sato ◽  
Shigeru Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Distal Muscle

Object The aims of this study were to review the clinicoradiological findings in patients who underwent decompressive surgery for proximal and distal types of muscle atrophy caused by cervical spondylosis and to discuss the outcome and techniques of surgical intervention. Methods Fifty-one patients (43 men and 8 women) with proximal (37, with arm drop) and distal muscle atrophy (14, with wrist drop) underwent cervical decompression (39 anterior decompressions and 12 open-door C3–7 laminoplasties with microsurgical foraminotomy) for muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The clinical course, type of spinal cord compression, abnormal signal intensity on high-resolution MR imaging, and postdecompression improvement in muscle power were reviewed at a mean follow-up of 2.6 years (range 0.8–9.4 years). Results The most commonly affected vertebrae were C4–5 and C5–6, and C5–6 and C6–7 in patients with proximal or distal muscle atrophy, respectively; the respective numbers of affected vertebrae were 1.5 and 2.2. Transaxial MR imaging showed medial compression of the spinal cord in 20 patients (in 12 with proximal and 8 with distal muscle atrophy), paramedial compression in 22 (17 and 5 patients, respectively), and foraminal compression in 9 (8 and 1 patient, respectively). Increased signal intensity on MR imaging was observed in 85.0, 22.7, and 11.1% of cases of medial, paramedial, and foraminal compression, respectively. Increased signal intensity at the affected muscle segment level was observed in 52.9, 40.0, and 0% of cases, respectively. Sixty-two percent of patients with proximal muscle atrophy gained 1 or more grades of muscle power on manual muscle testing (MMT), whereas 64.3% with distal muscle atrophy failed to gain even 1 grade of improvement. The recovery of muscle power correlated with disease duration and the percent voltage of Erb point or wrist-stimulated muscle evoked potentials but not with preoperative MMT, longitudinal range of spinal cord compression, signal change on T2-weighted MR imaging, or surgical procedure. Conclusions Surgical outcome in patients with distal muscle atrophy was inferior to that in patients with proximal atrophy. The distal type was characterized by a long preoperative period, a greater number of cervical spine misalignments, a narrow spinal canal, and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging. It is essential to perform a careful neurological evaluation, including sensory examination of the lower limbs, as well as neuroradiological and neurophysiological assessments to avoid confusion with motor neuron disease and to detect the coexistence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, especially when surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis is planned. The results of careful physical examination, MR imaging studies, and electromyography studies should be comprehensively evaluated to ascertain the pathophysiology of the muscle atrophy. It is very important to distinguish the pathophysiology caused by nerve root impingements from anterior horn dysfunction when making decisions about treatment strategy. Surgical treatment—with or without foraminotomy—for amyotrophy in cervical spondylosis requires urgent action with regard to human neuroanatomy and neural innervation of the paralyzed muscles.

Postlaminectomy cervical spinal cord compression demonstrated by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Morimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Ohtsuka ◽  
Toshisuke Sakaki ◽  
Masahiko Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Dynamic Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Canal Stenosis

✓ This 32-year-old man had undergone C3–7 laminectomy for posttraumatic cervical myelopathy associated with spinal canal stenosis. He developed recurrent myelopathy 5 years after the initial operation. Dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the cervical spine demonstrated spinal cord compression with diffuse canal stenosis while the neck was in the extended position, whereas no significant stenosis was visualized in the neutral position. Sagittal and axial MR images of the affected levels demonstrated striking changes in the cervical spinal cord configuration. Because of an associated hard osteophyte formation and protruded disc, as well as a hypertrophied posterior longitudinal ligament, an anterior decompression and fusion with plate fixation were performed from C-4 to C-7. The postoperative course was uneventful, with subsequent neurological improvement. It is concluded that dynamic MR imaging aids the search for the cause of recurrent postlaminectomy cervical myelopathy after initial improvement following decompressive surgery.

MR IMAGING OF SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. S123
Author(s):  
H T Doan ◽  
A E Flanders
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression

A novel dynamic model for experimental spinal cord compression

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Marquardt ◽  
Matthias Setzer ◽  
Alf Theisen ◽  
Edgar Dettmann ◽  
Volker Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interlaminar Approach ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The goal of this study was to develop a novel dynamic model for experimental spinal cord compression that closely approximates neoplastic epidural compression of the spinal cord in humans. Methods. In 30 New Zealand white rabbits, the thoracic spine was exposed via a posterior approach. On each side of one vertebral lamina a small hole was drilled caudal to the articular process. A silicone band was passed through these holes, forming a loop. The spinal dura mater was exposed via an interlaminar approach. The loop was brought into contact with the dura mater and fixed in its position encircling 270° of the circumference of the spinal cord. Thereafter, the loop was gradually tightened at set times by pulling at the ends of the band and fixing them again in their new position. The spinal cord was thus increasingly compressed in a circular and dynamic manner. Neurological deficits of various degrees were created in all animals in the compression group, and the compressive effect of the loop was reliably demonstrated on MR imaging. After decompression of the spinal cord, the neurological deficits were reversible in the majority of animals, and MR imaging revealed either no signal changes or only circumscribed ones within the cord. In contrast, MR images obtained in animals that did not recover revealed the occurrence of extensive chronic myelopathy. Conclusions. This novel model features reproducibility of paresis and neurological recovery. It is a dynamic model simulating circular tumor growth and is characterized by its easy, straightforward, and cost-saving applicability.

scholarly journals Spinal cord compression by extramedullary hematopoiesis in beta‐thalassemia major

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1433-1436
Author(s):  
Lobna Ben Ammar ◽  
Hanene Ferjani ◽  
Kaouther Maatallah ◽  
Sonia Bouallegue ◽  
Hend Riahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia Major

Asymptomatic spherocytosis presenting with spinal cord compression

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Jalbert ◽  
Patrick Chaynes ◽  
Jacques Lagarrigue
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Chronic Anemia ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of

✓ Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a compensatory mechanism occurring in patients with chronic anemia, which occurs most frequently with thalassemia. The authors report the case of a 57-year-old man, with no history of clinical or hematological disease, presenting with spinal cord compression. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a homogeneous posterior epidural mass extending from T-3 to T-6. Following decompressive surgery, the patient's symptoms improved. Histological analysis showed features consistent with a diagnosis of EMH. Subsequent workup was remarkable for an asymptomatic spherocytosis without anemia. There was no family history of anemia. An EMH-related presentation of mild spherocytosis has been described in the literature, but its epidural location led to spinal cord compression. The MR imaging features were suggestive of EMH, but in the presence of spinal cord compression and in the absence of a history of chronic anemia, the authors did not believe that nonsurgical management would have been reasonable.

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