Embryonic development and mitochondrial function

1975 ◽  
Vol 290 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Oerter ◽  
Rolf Bass
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Function

scholarly journals Butylparaben Is Toxic to Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Embryonic Development Following In Vitro Fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pil-Soo Jeong ◽  
Sanghoon Lee ◽  
Soo-Hyun Park ◽  
Min Ju Kim ◽  
Hyo-Gu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Mitochondrial Distribution

Parabens are widely used in personal care products due to their antimicrobial effects. Although the toxicity of parabens has been reported, little information is available on the toxicity of butylparaben (BP) on oocyte maturation. Therefore, we investigated the effects of various concentrations of BP (0 μM, 100 μM, 200 μM, 300 μM, 400 μM, and 500 μM) on the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes. BP supplementation at a concentration greater than 300 μM significantly reduced the proportion of complete cumulus cell expansion and metaphase II oocytes compared to the control. The 300 μM BP significantly decreased fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst formation rates with lower total cell numbers and a higher rate of apoptosis in blastocysts compared to the control. The BP-treated oocytes showed significantly higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lower glutathione (GSH) levels than the control. BP significantly increased the aberrant mitochondrial distribution and decreased mitochondrial function compared to the control. BP-treated oocytes exhibited significantly higher percentage of γ-H2AX, annexin V-positive oocytes and expression of LC3 than the control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that BP impaired oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development, by inducing ROS generation and reducing GSH levels. Furthermore, BP disrupted mitochondrial function and triggered DNA damage, early apoptosis, and autophagy in oocytes.

scholarly journals Fe(III) Is Essential for Porcine Embryonic Development via Mitochondrial Function Maintenance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0130791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hui Zhao ◽  
Shuang Liang ◽  
Seon-Hyang Kim ◽  
Xiang-Shun Cui ◽  
Nam-Hyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Function

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effects of Developmental Hypoxia on Cardiac Mitochondrial Function in Snapping Turtles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina L. J. Galli ◽  
Ilan M. Ruhr ◽  
Janna Crossley ◽  
Dane A. Crossley
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Hypoxia Tolerance ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Anoxic Environments ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mitochondrial Remodeling

It is well established that adult vertebrates acclimatizing to hypoxic environments undergo mitochondrial remodeling to enhance oxygen delivery, maintain ATP, and limit oxidative stress. However, many vertebrates also encounter oxygen deprivation during embryonic development. The effects of developmental hypoxia on mitochondrial function are likely to be more profound, because environmental stress during early life can permanently alter cellular physiology and morphology. To this end, we investigated the long-term effects of developmental hypoxia on mitochondrial function in a species that regularly encounters hypoxia during development—the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Turtle eggs were incubated in 21% or 10% oxygen from 20% of embryonic development until hatching, and both cohorts were subsequently reared in 21% oxygen for 8 months. Ventricular mitochondria were isolated, and mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were measured with a microrespirometer. Compared to normoxic controls, juvenile turtles from hypoxic incubations had lower Leak respiration, higher P:O ratios, and reduced rates of ROS production. Interestingly, these same attributes occur in adult vertebrates that acclimatize to hypoxia. We speculate that these adjustments might improve mitochondrial hypoxia tolerance, which would be beneficial for turtles during breath-hold diving and overwintering in anoxic environments.

P–230 The NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside protects against postovulatary aging in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Tianjie
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Nicotinamide Riboside ◽  
Postovulatory Aging

Abstract Study question Can nicotinamide riboside, one of the NAD+ precursor, protect against postovulatary aging in vitro? Summary answer The NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside can protect against postovulatary aging in vitro. What is known already Postovulatory aging(POA) has been considered one of the most intractable challenges that limit the successful rate of ART. Multiple cellular and molecular changes have been involved during the process of POA. The NAD+ is a prominent redox cofactor which is indispensable to DNA repair, energy metabolism, autophagy, genomic stability as well as epigenetic homeostasis. Over the last several decades, increasingly studies have eported that NAD+ contents decline with age across multiple tissues and loss of it are implicated in various diseases associated to aging. As one of a precursor of NAD+, nicotinamide riboside play important role in regulating oxidative stress. Study design, size, duration In this study, we take advantage of in vitro aging model to explore the influences of NR administration on the postovulatory aged oocytes in mice. We analyzed the association of NR supplementation with the aging-related deterioration of oocyte quality, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, mislocalization of cortical granules, followed by embryonic development potential and the NAD+/SIRT1 signaling. We used 3582 oocytes totally. Participants/materials, setting, methods CD–1 mice oocytes/ in vitro culture/ UPLC-MS/MS for NAD+ contents measurement ,DCFH-DA staining for ROS detecting, γH2AX staining for DNA damage measurement, BODIPY FL ATP staining for ATP detecting, LCA-FITC staining to assess the distribution and dynamics of cortical granules (CGs), In vitro fertilization, Quantitative real time PCR Main results and the role of chance NR supplementation exerted protective effects on morphological defects of oocytes, and that these protective effects were concentration dependent. We detected a significantly decline in NAD+ levels in aging oocytes, however, NAD+ accumulation was present in aging oocytes after 200μM NR treatment, indicating that NR administration might be a feasible strategy to enhance the quality of aging oocytes. Furthermore, NR indeed elevated the embryonic development potential of POA oocytes after fertilization. Our findings revealed that NR administration effectively ameliorated ROS accumulation in POA oocytes.Then we tried to uncover the effects of NR on the meiotic apparatus in aging oocytes. NR supplementation can partially restores normal spindle assembly and chromosome alignment in postovulatory aging oocytes. Furthermore, we investigated the protective effects of NR on mitochondrial function through following expects: mitochondrial distribution, ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential. NR treatment could promote mitochondrial function in oocytes during postovulatory aging in vitro. In addition, DNA damage and mislocalized CGs during postovulatory aging might be rescued by the supplementation of NR. Based on these evidences, we identified that NR improved the quality of aging oocytes by NAD+/SIRT1 axis. Limitations, reasons for caution Only in vitro, shown only in mice. Wider implications of the findings: Our work represents a clinically effective pharmacological chemical to improve infertility caused by POA process. Further studies are needed to define the related mechanisms of NR supplementation on oocyte quality as well as reproductive outcomes clinically. Trial registration number N

Live Confocal Analysis of Fertilization and Early Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1012-1013
Author(s):  
Uyen Tram ◽  
William Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Primary Defect ◽  
Fluorescent Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Event ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Fluorescent Studies

Embryonic development is a dynamic event and is best studied in live animals in real time. Much of our knowledge of the early events of embryogenesis, however, comes from immunofluourescent analysis of fixed embryos. While these studies provide an enormous amount of information about the organization of different structures during development, they can give only a static glimpse of a very dynamic event. More recently real-time fluorescent studies of living embryos have become much more routine and have given new insights to how different structures and organelles (chromosomes, centrosomes, cytoskeleton, etc.) are coordinately regulated. This is in large part due to the development of commercially available fluorescent probes, GFP technology, and newly developed sensitive fluorescent microscopes. For example, live confocal fluorescent analysis proved essential in determining the primary defect in mutations that disrupt early nuclear divisions in Drosophila melanogaster. For organisms in which GPF transgenics is not available, fluorescent probes that label DNA, microtubules, and actin are available for microinjection.

Rigorous swim training impairs mitochondrial function in post-ischaemic rat heart

1997 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
S.B. LEICHTWEIS ◽  
C. LEEUWENBURGH ◽  
D. J. PARMELEE ◽  
R. FIEBIG ◽  
L. L. JI
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Rat Heart

Residual hepatic mitochondrial function assessment through 13C-methionine, 13C-octanoate and 13C-ketoisocaproate breath tests

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A566-A566
Author(s):  
A ARMUZZI ◽  
M ZOCCO ◽  
M CANDELLI ◽  
C DICAMPLI ◽  
E NISTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Breath Tests ◽  
Function Assessment
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