Tetanus toxin and botulinum a toxin inhibit acetylcholine release from but not calcium uptake into brain tissue

1981 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bigalke ◽  
Gudrun Ahnert-Hilger ◽  
E. Habermann
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tetanus Toxin ◽  
Calcium Uptake ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Botulinum A Toxin

Disorders Caused by Botulinum Toxin and Tetanus Toxin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl E. Stafstrom
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Tetanus Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Muscle Rigidity ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitters ◽  
Central Synapses

Anaerobic organisms of the genus Clostridia (C) can cause significant human disease. Exotoxins secreted by C botulinum and C tetani cause botulism and tetanus, respectively (summarized in Table 156.1). Botulinum neurotoxin causes neuromuscular blockade by interfering with vesicular acetylcholine release, leading to cholinergic blockade at the neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle, and consequently, symmetric flaccid paralysis. Tetanus toxin prevents release of inhibitory neurotransmitters at central synapses, leading to overactivity of motor neurons and muscle rigidity and spasms. This chapter reviews clinical features of botulism and tetanus and discusses their pathophysiological basis.

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