Congenital sinus bradycardia combined with congenital total atrioventricular block

1977 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Stopfkuchen ◽  
B. -K. J�ngst
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Total Atrioventricular Block

Pacemaker use for the treatment of reflex-mediated syncope: 40-year experience at a single paediatric institution

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Thomas Huang ◽  
Edward O’Leary ◽  
Mark E. Alexander ◽  
Laura Bevilacqua ◽  
Francis Fynn-Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Procedural Complications ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Dual Chamber Pacemakers

Abstract Introduction: Reflex-mediated syncope occurs in 15% of children and young adults. In rare instances, pacemakers are required to treat syncopal episodes associated with transient sinus pauses or atrioventricular block. This study describes a single centre experience in the use of permanent pacemakers to treat syncope in children and young adults. Materials and methods: Patients with significant pre-syncope or syncope and pacemaker implantation from 1978 to 2018 were reviewed. Data collected included the age of presentation, method of diagnosis, underlying rhythm disturbance, age at implant, type of pacemaker implanted, procedural complications and subsequent symptoms. Results: Fifty patients were identified. Median age at time of the first syncopal episode was 10.2 (range 0.3–20.4) years, with a median implant age of 14.9 (0.9–34.3) years. Significant sinus bradycardia/pauses were the predominant reason for pacemaker implant (54%), followed by high-grade atrioventricular block (30%). Four (8%) patients had both sinus pauses and atrioventricular block documented. The majority of patients had dual-chamber pacemakers implanted (58%), followed by ventricular pacemakers (38%). Median follow-up was 6.7 (0.4–33.0) years. Post-implant, 4 (8%) patients continued to have syncope, 7 (14%) had complete resolution of their symptoms, and the remaining reported a decrease in their pre-syncopal episodes and no further syncope. Twelve (24%) patients had complications, including two infections and eight lead malfunctions. Conclusions: Paediatric patients with reflex-mediated syncope can be treated with pacing. Complication rates are high (24%); as such, permanent pacemakers should be reserved only for those in whom asystole from sinus pauses or atrioventricular block has been well documented.

Bradyarrhythmias

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Leybell ◽  
Liliya Abrukin
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Node Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sinus Node Disease ◽  
Sinoatrial Block

Bradyarrhythmias can present as an incidental electrocardiographic (ECG) finding or a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention. They are caused by sinus node disease or atrioventricular block. This review covers pathophysiology, stabilization and assessment, diagnosis and treatment options, and disposition and outcomes for patients with bradycardia. Figures in the review demonstrate characteristic ECG tracings. Tables list classifications of sinus node dysfunction as well as of sinoatrial and atrioventricular blocks, presenting symptoms, important information to elicit on history taking, various causes of bradycardia, and specific interventions for toxicologic etiologies. Key words: atrioventricular block, atropine, bradyarrhythmia, bradycardia, first-degree atrioventricular block, second-degree atrioventricular block, sinoatrial block, sinus bradycardia, sinus node disease, tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome, third-degree atrioventricular block This review contains 9 highly rendered figures, 7 tables, and 92 references.

Bradycardias and blocks

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-270
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Cardiac Pacing

This chapter covers bradycardia, heart blocks, and cardiac pacing. Bradyarrhythmias that require pacing can be caused by a range of aetiologies and early identification of possible reversible causes is the first stage of treatment. Although a degree of bradycardia and heart blocks might not have any clinical significance, it is always important to assess the patient for signs of adverse effects. Generally, pacing is only indicated for symptomatic sinus bradycardia. In contrast, patients with asymptomatic atrioventricular block may require pacing for prognostic purposes.

Difference in Cardiac Electrical Vulnerability Between Passive Silicone Steroid Eluting Lead vs. Active Screw-in Lead

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 968-972
Author(s):  
Adrian Apostol ◽  
Nicolae Albulescu ◽  
Stela Iurciuc ◽  
Mircea Iurciuc ◽  
Carina Bogdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Cardiac Pacing ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Late Potentials ◽  
Prognosis Factor ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fixation Type ◽  
Total Atrioventricular Block

Patients with total atrioventricular block are of particular interest and prone to severe prognosis unless treated with emergency cardiac pacing. We evaluated different types of leads and their impact on the myocardium, according to the fixation type and pacing method.. A pacemaker patient has a different depolarization pattern and a single chamber pacemaker, has by definition, an intracardiac desynchronization and a different electro-mechanical coupling activity. The presence of late potentials is an independent prognosis factor for cardiac death and electrical vulnerability, especially after myocardial infarction(MI). Late potentials recorded as magnitude vector are the expresion of late depolarization of the surrounding tissue and represent the morfological substrate for reentry. Thus, the incidence of late potentials after pacemaker implant, represents the expresion of electrical vulnerability of the stimulated right ventricular myocardium. In order to deeply study the parameters of magnitude vectors, we noticed the appearance of late potentials during the transitory stimulation in acute atrioventricular block and a restoration of vector normal parameters, after conduction recovery and sinus rhythm conversion.

Atrioventricular conduction abnormalities and atrioventricular blocks: role of electrophysiology testing

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1961-1965
Author(s):  
Demosthenes G. Katritsis ◽  
Mark E. Josephson
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
Atrioventricular Conduction ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Permanent Pacing

In sinus bradycardia, the role of electrophysiology studies is not established. A marked prolongation of the corrected sinus node recovery time (>800 ms) is a highly predictive but insensitive sign for sick sinus syndrome. In atrioventricular conduction disturbances, an electrophysiology study may be necessary both for the establishment of atrioventricular block as the main cause of symptoms, and for identification of the anatomical site of block that may dictate the potential need of permanent pacing. Prediction of development of complete heart block may not be possible. An HV interval greater than 70 ms is a non-specific predictor of development of high-grade atrioventricular block, whereas an HV interval greater than 100 ms is highly predictive but insensitive. Drug testing with adenosine triphosphate/adenosine, and procainamide has a rather limited diagnostic yield in patients with atrioventricular conduction disturbances.

Automatic implantable defibrillator with VVI pacemaker in a patient with chronic Chagas myocarditis and total atrioventricular block

1989 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo A.V. de Paola ◽  
Leonard N. Horowitz ◽  
Mauro H. Miyamoto ◽  
Ronaldo Pinheiro ◽  
Dario F. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Implantable Defibrillator ◽  
Total Atrioventricular Block
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