Comparative analysis between albumin-binding capacity and the concentration of unbound bilirubin in hyperbilirubinemic sera of newborn infants

1973 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
J. Frenzel ◽  
Ingrid Sander ◽  
D. Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin

Determination of Unbound Bilirubin in the Serum of Newborns

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorgen Jacobsen ◽  
Richard P Wennberg
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin ◽  
Rate Limiting

Abstract An enzymatic assay is described for non-albuminbound bilirubin in the serum of newborn infants. Unbound bilirubin is oxidized to colorless compounds by ethyl hydroperoxide in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), while albumin-bound bilirubin is protected from oxidation. Because the equilibrium between albumin and bilirubin occurs rapidly, the oxidation step is rate limiting, and the initial oxidation velocity of total bilirubin is proportional to the unbound bilirubin concentration. By titrating serum with bilirubin in vitro, the association constant and binding capacity of high-affinity sites for albumin binding can be determined. Normal human serum albumin tightly binds 1 mole of bilirubin per mole of albumin (binding constant, 2-4 x 108 liter/mol). Although weaker secondary binding occurs, the unbound bilirubin fraction increases rapidly after the high-affinity binding sites are saturated. Compromised newborns may have a decreased apparent binding capacity and (or) binding affinity. The method can be used to assess the risk of a jaundiced infant for bilirubin encephalopathy.

scholarly journals Bilirubin-albumin binding capacity in term and preterm infants

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
M. Basalamah ◽  
Achmad Surjono
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
A Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin

Background The risk of kernicterus remains a problem injaundiced newborn especially in low birth weight infants.Kernicterus can develop at low bilirubin levels. Bilirubin-albuminbinding plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Bilirubinalbumin binding concentration can also be used as the cut-offpoint in the administration of phototeraphy.Objective To determine the pattern of albumin bindingconcentration in serum model in vitro and in serum of prematureand term newborn infants from cord blood sample.Methods This study was conducted in Installation of Maternal-Perinatal Dr. Sardjito Hospital from August-September 2004.Blood cord samples from 20 term and 17 preterm infants wereanalysed. Total bilirubin was measured spectrophotometrically andunbound bilirubin concentration was determined by horseradishperoxidase oxidation using UB-analyzer apparatus micromethod.Student t test and linear regression analysis were performed.Results Bilirubin-albumin binding capacity of term infants showeda statistically significant difference compared to that of prematureinfants (18.9±2.1 mg/dl vs 10.2±3.6 mg/dl, P<0.001). This cut-off level approximately reflected a value of unbound bilirubin of1 mg/dl in term and 0.5 mg/dl in premature infants.Conclusions There is a different pattern of bilirubin-albuminbinding capacity between term and preterm infants which is higherin term infants. Bilirubin level of 19 mg/dl and 10 mg/dl in termand preterm newborn, respectively, can be used as cut-off pointto perform more aggressive intervention, such as phototeraphy,and to lower the risk of kernicterus.

THE THYROID IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Ralph H. Kunstadter ◽  
Harvey Buchman ◽  
Morad Jacobson ◽  
Leo Oliner
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Protein Carriers ◽  
Uptake Studies

The in vitro erythrocyte uptake studies of radioactive 1-triiodothyronine in 70 normal children, ranging in age from newborn infants to 13 years, are presented. The data reveal elevated uptake values in these children as compared to adults, indicating alteration in binding capacity of thyroxin-binding serum protein carriers, in all probability a reduction in thyroxin-binding prealbumin capacity.

scholarly journals Possible Ibuprofen-Induced Kernicterus in a Near-Term Infant with Moderate Hyperbilirubinemia.

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Peter Gal ◽  
J Laurence Ransom ◽  
Sherri A Davis
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Total Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin ◽  
Near Term

A 36-week gestation newborn was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension and possible sepsis. The infant developed hyperbilirubinemia on day 4 of life and peaked on day 5 at a total serum bilirubin of 19 mg/dL. Phototherapy was started on day 4 and continued for 5 days. On day 8 of life, ibuprofen was started for fever; a concurrent total serum bilirubin was 15.7 mg/dL. The subsequent hospital course was uneventful, and discharge occurred on day 22 of life. Because the patient failed a hearing screen at discharge, he was referred for a diagnostic audiology workup. He subsequently failed formal audiometric testing on two occasions one week apart, and was given a diagnosis of auditory dys-synchrony and/or auditory neuropathy, consistent with kernicterus. At 5½ months of age, he was reported to be hypotonic and to have frequent arching movements. Since the total serum bilirubin did not exceed 19 mg/dL, concern was raised that ibuprofen may have caused displacement of bilirubin from its albumin binding site, resulting in kernicterus due to excessive unbound bilirubin concentrations. Ibuprofen should be administered with caution in preterm infants at risk for kernicterus.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIGEN-BINDING T CELLS IN GENETIC HIGH AND LOW RESPONDER MICE

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 1180-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter J. Hämmerling ◽  
Hugh O. McDevitt
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Low Responders ◽  
Low Responder ◽  
High Responders

[125I](T,G)-A--L-binding T cells have been studied in mice whose ability to mount an immune response to (T,G)-A--L is under control of the H-2-linked Ir-1A gene. Nonimmunized high and low responder mice have approximately the same frequency of T-ABC. Following immunization, T-ABC proliferated only in high responders, but not in low responders, indicating expression of Ir-1A in T cells. When, for comparison, [125I]arsanyl-mouse serum albumin binding B and T cells were investigated in mice whose antibody response to the hapten arsanyl is controlled by an allotype-linked Ir gene, it was found that following immunization the number of B-ABC increased only in high responders. In contrast, T-ABC proliferated to the same extent in both high and low responders, suggesting exclusive expression of the allotype-linked Ir gene in the B-cell line. Preliminary studies indicate that anti-Ia sera inhibit neither B-ABC nor T-ABC.

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