Does vacuum-mixing improve the fatigue properties of high-viscosity poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement?

1996 ◽  
Vol 115 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fritsch ◽  
S. Rupp ◽  
N. Kaltenkirchen
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Vacuum Mixing

scholarly journals Influence of HRGO Nanoplatelets on Behaviour and Processing of PMMA Bone Cement for Surgery

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Jaime Orellana ◽  
Ynés Yohana Pastor ◽  
Fernando Calle ◽  
José Ygnacio Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Bone cement, frequently based on poly (methyl methacrylate), is commonly used in different arthroplasty surgical procedures and its use is essential for prosthesis fixation. However, its manufacturing process reaches high temperatures (up to 120 °C), producing necrosis in the patients' surrounding tissues. To help avoid this problem, the addition of graphene could delay the polymerisation of the methyl methacrylate as it could, simultaneously, favour the optimisation of the composite material's properties. In this work, we address the effect of different percentages of highly reduced graphene oxide with different wt.% (0.10, 0.50, and 1.00) and surface densities (150, 300, 500, and 750 m2/g) on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of commercial poly (methyl methacrylate)-based bone cement and its processing. It was noted that a lower sintering temperature was achieved with this addition, making it less harmful to use in surgery and reducing its adverse effects. In contrast, the variation of the density of the materials did not introduce significant changes, which indicates that the addition of highly reduced graphene oxide would not significantly increase bone porosity. Lastly, the mechanical properties (strength, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness) were reduced by almost 20%. Nevertheless, their typical values are high enough that these new materials could still fulfil their structural function. In conclusion, this paper presents a way to control the sintering temperature, without significant degradation of the mechanical performance, by adding highly reduced graphene oxide so that local necrosis of bone cement based on poly (methyl methacrylate) used in surgery is avoided.

scholarly journals Poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement composited with mineralized collagen for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in extremely old patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Kefeng Luo ◽  
Guoqiang Jiang ◽  
Jinjin Zhu ◽  
Bin Lu ◽  
Jiye Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Pure Pmma ◽  
Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Vertebral Height ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Mineralized Collagen

Abstract To examine the clinical effects of a new bone cement composed of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and mineralized collagen (MC) compared with pure PMMA bone cement in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) in patients aged over 80. In all, 32 cases using pure PMMA bone cement and 31 cases using MC-modified PMMA (MC-PMMA) bone cement for OVCFs between June 2014 and March 2016 were screened as PMMA group and MC-PMMA group, respectively, with an average age of over 80. The operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, oswestry disability index (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS), anterior vertebral height (AVH), intermediate vertebral height (IVH) and posterior vertebral height (PVH) of injured vertebrae, vertebral computed tomography value, re-fracture rate of adjacent vertebrae, correction rate of spinal kyphotic angle and wedge-shaped vertebra angle and surgical complications were compared between the two groups. In the early post-operative period, the VAS, ODI, AVH and IVH in MC-PMMA group were comparable to those in the traditional PMMA group. Moreover, the MC-PMMA group showed better effects compared with the PMMA group 12 months after surgery. Thus, this new bone cement has superior clinic effects in the long term.

scholarly journals Poly(methyl methacrylate) Bone Cement Composite Can Be Refilled with Antibiotics after Implantation in Femur or Soft Tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Erika L. Cyphert ◽  
Ningjing Zhang ◽  
Dylan W. Marques ◽  
Greg D. Learn ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Intraosseous Infusion ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Antibiotic Release

While periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) result in a small percentage of patients following arthroplasties, they are challenging to treat if they spread into bone and soft tissue. Treatment involves delivering antibiotics using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement. However, antibiotic release is insufficient for prolonged infections. Previous work demonstrated efficacy of incorporating insoluble cyclodextrin (CD) microparticles into PMMA to improve antibiotic release and allow for post-implantation drug refilling to occur in a tissue-mimicking model. To simulate how antibiotic refilling may be possible in more physiologically relevant models, this work investigated development of bone and muscle refilling models. The bone refilling model involved embedding PMMA-CD into rabbit femur and administering antibiotic via intraosseous infusion. Muscle tissue refilling model involved implanting PMMA-CD beads in bovine muscle tissue and administering antibiotic via tissue injection. Duration of antimicrobial activity of refilled PMMA-CD was evaluated. PMMA-CD composite in bone and muscle tissue models was capable of being refilled with antibiotics and resulted in prolonged antimicrobial activity. PMMA-CD provided sustained and on-demand antimicrobial activity without removal of implant if infection develops. Intraosseous infusion appeared to be a viable technique to enable refilling of PMMA-CD after implantation in bone, reporting for the first time the ability to refill PMMA in bone.

Bioactive Additives and Functional Monomers Affect on PMMA Bone Cement: Mechanical and Biocompatibility Properties

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morshed Khandaker ◽  
Yanling Li ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Melville B. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Composite Specimen ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pmma Beads

The most common bone cement material used clinically today for orthopedic surgeries is poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA). In general, poly Methyl MethAcrylate (PMMA) beads are added to MMA monomer with bead and monomer ratio of 2:1 to prepare the PMMA bone cement. Conventional PMMA bone cement has several mechanical and biological disadvantages. To overcome these disadvantages, researchers investigated several bioactive additives to PMMA bone cement, such as MgO, hydroxyapatite (HAp), chitosan (CS). Additionally, functional monomer, such as glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was used in addition or substitution to MMA to enhance the properties of PMMA bone cement. A comparative study is required to evaluate the effect that different bioadditives and monomers have on the mechanical and biological performances on PMMA bone cement. The goal of this study is to determine the most suitable additives and alternative monomer for PMMA bone cement that can enhance the mechanical and biological performances of PMMA bone cement. Cobalt™ HV bone cement (referred as CBC), a commercial orthopedic bone cement, was used in this study as PMMA bone cement. MgO, hydroxyapatite (HAp), chitin (CT), chitosan (CS), Barium sulfate (BaSO4) and Silica (SiO2) were mixed with PMMA beads to prepare CBC-MgO, CBC-HAp, CBC-CT, CBC-CS, CBC-BaSO4 and CBC-SiO2 specimens. Additives included CBC were referred as composite specimen. CBC and composite specimens were further grouped according to the application of GMA as replacement of MMA monomer. Two groups of CBC and composite specimen were prepared. In the first group, CBC and composite specimens were prepared using MMA monomer only, referred as without GMA specimen. In the second group, CBC and composite specimens were prepared using GMA and MMA monomers, referred as with GMA specimen. There are three general research questions: (1) Is there a significant difference in the mechanical and biological performances between CBC (control) and different composite specimens that contain GMA? (2) Is there a significant difference in the in the mechanical and biological performances between CBC (control) and different composite specimens that do not contain GMA? and (3) Is there a significant difference in the mechanical and biological performances between specimens mixed with and without GMA? Elastic and fracture properties of different CBC and composite cements were calculated from three point bend experiments. Osteoblast cell adhesion experiments were performed on different CBC and composite cement on a custom made well plate. This study found that flexural strength and fracture toughness of the CBC specimens that contain GMA is significantly greater than the flexural strengths of all other specimens that contain GMA. In contrast, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the CBC-SiO2 specimens that do not contain GMA is significantly greater than the flexural strengths of all other specimens that contain GMA. This study also found that cell adhesion on the MgO impregnated CBC specimens is significantly greater than the cell adhesion of all other specimens for samples that contain GMA or do not contain GMA.

scholarly journals Modified poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement in the treatment of Kümmell disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjin Zhu ◽  
Shuhui Yang ◽  
Yute Yang ◽  
Teng Yao ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Vertebral Height ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Kümmell disease (KD) causes serious vertebral body collapse in patients. However, only a few case reports have been conducted and the number of patients with KD investigated was limited. Additionally, the frequently used poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement for KD is limited by excessive modulus and poor biocompatibility. Herein, we aimed to modify PMMA bone cement with mineralized collagen (MC), and compare the clinical effects, image performance and finite element analysis between the modified bone cement and PMMA bone cement for the treatment of phase I and II KD. Thirty-nine KD patients treated with PMMA bone cement and 40 KD patients treated with MC-modified PMMA bone cement from June 2015 to March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical procedure, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay and complications were compared between different groups. Visual analog scale, Oswestry disability index, anterior vertebral height, posterior vertebral height, computed tomography value, adjacent vertebral re-fracture, Cobb angle and wedge-shaped correction angle were evaluated. Additionally, the representative sample was selected for finite element analysis. We found that the MC-modified PMMA bone cement could achieve the same effect as that of PMMA bone cement and was associated with better vertebral height restoration in the long term.

scholarly journals Hydroxyapatite Microspheres as an Additive to Enhance Radiopacity, Biocompatibility, and Osteoconductivity of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Bone Cement

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Gu Kang ◽  
Cheon-Il Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Hyoun-Ee Kim ◽  
Sung-Mi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document