Differential tolerance to dietary amino acid-induced changes in aggressive behavior and locomotor activity in mice

1979 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Thurmond ◽  
Stephen M. Lasley ◽  
Neal R. Kramarcy ◽  
John W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Induced Changes

Dietary amino acid precursors: Effects on central monoamines, aggression, and locomotor activity in the mouse

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Thurmond ◽  
Neal R. Kramarcy ◽  
Stephen M. Lasley ◽  
John W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Precursors

scholarly journals The effect of morning vs evening exercise training on glycaemic control and serum metabolites in overweight/obese men: a randomised trial

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Moholdt ◽  
Evelyn B. Parr ◽  
Brooke L. Devlin ◽  
Julia Debik ◽  
Guro Giskeødegård ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract Aims/hypothesis We determined whether the time of day of exercise training (morning vs evening) would modulate the effects of consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) on glycaemic control, whole-body health markers and serum metabolomics. Methods In this three-armed parallel-group randomised trial undertaken at a university in Melbourne, Australia, overweight/obese men consumed an HFD (65% of energy from fat) for 11 consecutive days. Participants were recruited via social media and community advertisements. Eligibility criteria for participation were male sex, age 30–45 years, BMI 27.0–35.0 kg/m2 and sedentary lifestyle. The main exclusion criteria were known CVD or type 2 diabetes, taking prescription medications, and shift-work. After 5 days, participants were allocated using a computer random generator to either exercise in the morning (06:30 hours), exercise in the evening (18:30 hours) or no exercise for the subsequent 5 days. Participants and researchers were not blinded to group assignment. Changes in serum metabolites, circulating lipids, cardiorespiratory fitness, BP, and glycaemic control (from continuous glucose monitoring) were compared between groups. Results Twenty-five participants were randomised (morning exercise n = 9; evening exercise n = 8; no exercise n = 8) and 24 participants completed the study and were included in analyses (n = 8 per group). Five days of HFD induced marked perturbations in serum metabolites related to lipid and amino acid metabolism. Exercise training had a smaller impact than the HFD on changes in circulating metabolites, and only exercise undertaken in the evening was able to partly reverse some of the HFD-induced changes in metabolomic profiles. Twenty-four-hour glucose concentrations were lower after 5 days of HFD compared with the participants’ habitual diet (5.3 ± 0.4 vs 5.6 ± 0.4 mmol/l, p = 0.001). There were no significant changes in 24 h glucose concentrations for either exercise group but lower nocturnal glucose levels were observed in participants who trained in the evening, compared with when they consumed the HFD alone (4.9 ± 0.4 vs 5.3 ± 0.3 mmol/l, p = 0.04). Compared with the no-exercise group, peak oxygen uptake improved after both morning (estimated effect 1.3 ml min−1 kg−1 [95% CI 0.5, 2.0], p = 0.003) and evening exercise (estimated effect 1.4 ml min−1 kg−1 [95% CI 0.6, 2.2], p = 0.001). Fasting blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triacylglycerol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations decreased only in participants allocated to evening exercise training. There were no unintended or adverse effects. Conclusions/interpretation A short-term HFD in overweight/obese men induced substantial alterations in lipid- and amino acid-related serum metabolites. Improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness were similar regardless of the time of day of exercise training. However, improvements in glycaemic control and partial reversal of HFD-induced changes in metabolic profiles were only observed when participants exercise trained in the evening. Trial registration anzctr.org.au registration no. ACTRN12617000304336. Funding This study was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14OC0011493). Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Are Dietary Amino Acids or Protein Quality Associated with Infant Length Gain from 6 to 12 Months in Rural Malawi? (P10-010-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Matchado ◽  
Kathryn Dewey ◽  
Christine Stewart ◽  
Per Ashorn ◽  
Ulla Ashorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Intake ◽  
Length Gain

Abstract Objectives 1) to estimate the probability of inadequate amino acid intake among infants 9–10 months of age in rural Malawi 2) to evaluate whether dietary amino acid intake or protein quality are associated with length gain from 6 to 12 months of age Methods We assessed total amino acid intake from breast milk and complementary foods in 285 infants. Breast milk intake and complementary foods were estimated using dose-to-mother deuterium oxide dilution method and repeat 4-pass interactive 24-hour recall interviews, respectively. Amino acid composition values were taken from FAO human milk profile, Tanzania Food Composition table and International Minilist. Protein quality was estimated using Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS). Probability of intake below Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for each amino acid was estimated using National Cancer Institute (NCI) method. We estimated protein quality of complementary food using median DIAAS. We assumed a DIAAS of ≥0.75 to represent a diet or food with good protein quality. Relationships between amino acid intake or protein quality with length gain were assessed using regression models. Length was measured at 6 and 12 months of age and length for age z-score (LAZ) velocity was calculated (ΔLAZ/months). Results The probability of inadequate amino acid intake from breast milk and complementary food that included a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) was 3% for lysine, 0% for tryptophan, threonine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, sulfur containing amino acids (SAA), and aromatic amino acids (AAA). Without LNS, the probability was 7% for lysine and 0–2% for the other amino acids. The median (interquartile range) DIAAS for complementary food with and without LNS was 0.70 (0.28) and 0.64 (0.32), respectively. Dietary amino acid intake and protein quality were not significantly associated with length gain velocity from 6 to 12 months even after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions The prevalence of inadequate amino acid intake in 9–10 months old infants in rural Malawi is very low. However, in conditions of frequent clinical or sub-clinical infections this situation may be different. Linear growth at 6–12 months does not appear to be limited by dietary amino acid intake or protein quality in this setting. Funding Sources The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

scholarly journals Dietary Essential Amino Acid Restriction Promotes Hyperdipsia via Hepatic FGF21

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Rusu ◽  
Andrea Y. Chan ◽  
Mathias Heikenwalder ◽  
Oliver J. Müller ◽  
Adam J. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
De Novo Biosynthesis ◽  
Dietary Requirements ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid

Prior studies have reported that dietary protein dilution (DPD) or amino acid dilution promotes heightened water intake (i.e., hyperdipsia) however, the exact dietary requirements and the mechanism responsible for this effect are still unknown. Here, we show that dietary amino acid (AA) restriction is sufficient and required to drive hyperdipsia during DPD. Our studies demonstrate that particularly dietary essential AA (EAA) restriction, but not non-EAA, is responsible for the hyperdipsic effect of total dietary AA restriction (DAR). Additionally, by using diets with varying amounts of individual EAA under constant total AA supply, we demonstrate that restriction of threonine (Thr) or tryptophan (Trp) is mandatory and sufficient for the effects of DAR on hyperdipsia and that liver-derived fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is required for this hyperdipsic effect. Strikingly, artificially introducing Thr de novo biosynthesis in hepatocytes reversed hyperdipsia during DAR. In summary, our results show that the DPD effects on hyperdipsia are induced by the deprivation of Thr and Trp, and in turn, via liver/hepatocyte-derived FGF21.

scholarly journals Effects of Broiler Genetic Strain and Dietary Amino Acid Reduction on Meat Yield and Quality (Part II)

2021 ◽  
pp. 101033
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
M. Wes Schilling ◽  
Xiaofei Li ◽  
George T. Tabler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Genetic Strain ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Reduction

scholarly journals A procedure to evaluate the efficiency of utilization of dietary amino acid for poultry

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Nilva Kazue Sakomura ◽  
Juliano Cesar De Paula Dorigam ◽  
Euclides Braga Malheiros ◽  
Joao Batista Kochenborger Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid
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