Changes in the choroid plexus, responses by intrinsic epiplexus cells and recruitment from monocytes after experimental head acceleration injury in the non-human primate

1992 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Maxwell ◽  
I. G. Hardy ◽  
C. Watt ◽  
J. McGadey ◽  
D. I. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
Epiplexus Cells ◽  
Human Primate

scholarly journals Prx2 (Peroxiredoxin 2) as a Cause of Hydrocephalus After Intraventricular Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1578-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Tan ◽  
Jingyin Chen ◽  
Richard F. Keep ◽  
Guohua Xi ◽  
Ya Hua
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Intraventricular Injection ◽  
Ventricular Wall ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Peroxiredoxin 2 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Epiplexus Cells

Background and Purpose— Our recent study demonstrated that release of Prx2 (peroxiredoxin 2) from red blood cells (RBCs) is involved in the inflammatory response and brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. The current study investigated the role of extracellular Prx2 in hydrocephalus development after experimental intraventricular hemorrhage. Methods— There were 4 parts in this study. First, Sprague-Dawley rats received an intraventricular injection of lysed RBC or saline and were euthanized at 1 hour for Prx2 measurements. Second, rats received an intraventricular injection of Prx2, deactivated Prx2, or saline. Third, lysed RBC was coinjected with conoidin A, a Prx2 inhibitor, or vehicle. Fourth, rats received Prx2 injection and were treated with minocycline or saline (i.p.). The effects of Prx2 and the inhibitors were examined using magnetic resonance imaging assessing ventriculomegaly, histology assessing ventricular wall damage, and immunohistochemistry to assess inflammation, particularly at the choroid plexus. Results— Intraventricular injection of lysed RBC resulted in increased brain Prx2 and hydrocephalus. Intraventricular injection of Prx2 alone caused hydrocephalus, ventricular wall damage, activation of choroid plexus epiplexus cells (macrophages), and an accumulation of neutrophils. Conoidin A attenuated lysed RBC-induced injury. Systemic minocycline treatment reduced the epiplexus cell activation and hydrocephalus induced by Prx2. Conclusions— Prx2 contributed to the intraventricular hemorrhage-induced hydrocephalus, probably by inducing inflammatory responses in choroid plexus and ventricular wall damage.

scholarly journals Scanning electron microscopy study of the choroid plexus in the monkey (Cebus apella apella)

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (3B) ◽  
pp. 820-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
OISENYL JOSÉ TAMEGA ◽  
LUÍS FERNANDO TIRAPELLI ◽  
SIDNEI PETRONI
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Cebus Apella ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Epiplexus Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron

The cells of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles of the monkey Cebus apella apella were examined through scanning electron microscopy at contributing to the description of such structures in primates. The animals were anesthetized previously with 3% hypnol intraperitoneally and after perfusion with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, samples of the choroid plexus were collected after exhibition of the central portion and inferior horn of the lateral ventricles. The ventricular surface of those cells presents globose form as well as fine interlaced protrusions named microvilli. Among those, it is observed the presence of some cilia. Resting on the choroid epithelial cells there is a variable number of free cells, with fine prolongations which extend from them. They are probably macrophages and have been compared to Kolmer cells or epiplexus cells, located on choroid epithelium. The choroid plexus of the encephalic lateral ventricles of the monkey Cebus apella apella at scanning electron microscopy is similar to that of other primates, as well as to that of other species of mammals mainly cats and rats, and also humans.

Organization of tight junctions in the choroid plexus epithelium

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-337
Author(s):  
B. Van Deurs ◽  
J. K. Koehler
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Choroid Plexus Epithelium ◽  
Solid Nitrogen ◽  
Special Composition

The choroid plexus epithelium constitutes a blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, and is involved in regulation of the special composition of the CSF. The epithelium is provided with an ouabain-sensitive Na/K-pump located at the apical surface, actively pumping ions into the CSF. The choroid plexus epithelium has been described as “leaky” with a low transepithelial resistance, and a passive transepithelial flux following a paracellular route (intercellular spaces and cell junctions) also takes place. The present report describes the structural basis for these “barrier” properties of the choroid plexus epithelium as revealed by freeze fracture.Choroid plexus from the lateral, third and fourth ventricles of rats were used. The tissue was fixed in glutaraldehyde and stored in 30% glycerol. Freezing was performed either in liquid nitrogen-cooled Freon 22, or directly in a mixture of liquid and solid nitrogen prepared in a special vacuum chamber. The latter method was always used, and considered necessary, when preparations of complementary (double) replicas were made.

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